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The sum of the infinite and finite geometric sequence

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Presentation on theme: "The sum of the infinite and finite geometric sequence"— Presentation transcript:

1 The sum of the infinite and finite geometric sequence

2 The sum of the first n terms of a sequence is represented by summation notation.
upper limit of summation lower limit of summation index of summation 2

3 The sum of a finite geometric sequence is given by
= ? n = 8 a1 = 5

4 If |r| < 1, then the infinite geometric series
The sum of the terms of an infinite geometric sequence is called a geometric series. If |r| < 1, then the infinite geometric series a1 + a1r + a1r2 + a1r a1rn has the sum

5 Example: Find the sum of
The sum of the series is

6 Convergent and Divergent Series

7 Convergent and Divergent Series
If the infinite series has a sum, or limit, the series is convergent. If the series is not convergent, it is divergent.

8 Ways To Determine Convergence/Divergence
1. Arithmetic – since no sum exists, it diverges 2. Geometric: If |r| > 1, diverges If |r| < 1, converges since the sum exists 3. Ratio Test (discussed in a few minutes)

9 Example Determine whether each arithmetic or geometric series is convergent or divergent. 1/8 + 3/20 + 9/ / r=6/5  |r|>1  divergent Arithmetic series  divergent /5 + 13/ r=1/5  |r|<1  convergent

10 Other Series When a series is neither arithmetic or geometric, it is more difficult to determine whether the series is convergent or divergent.

11 Ratio Test In the ratio test, we will use a ratio of an and an+1 to determine the convergence or divergence of a series. Leading coefficient is a Review: Leading coefficient is d Denominator degree is greater

12 Test for convergence or divergence of:
Since this ratio is less than 1, the series converges.

13 The ratio of the leading coefficients is 1
Test for convergence or divergence of: The ratio of the leading coefficients is 1 Since this ratio is less than 1, the series converges.

14 Test for convergence or divergence of:
Coefficient of n2 is 1 Since this ratio is 1, the test is inconclusive. Coefficient of n2 is 1

15 Example Use the ratio test to determine if the series is convergent or divergent. 1/2 + 2/4 + 3/8 + 4/ Since r<1, the series is convergent.

16 Example Use the ratio test to determine if the series is convergent or divergent. 1/2 + 2/3 + 3/4 + 4/ Since r=1, the ratio test provides no information.

17 Example Use the ratio test to determine if the series is convergent or divergent. 2 + 3/2 + 4/3 + 5/ Since r=1, the ratio test provides no information.

18 Example Use the ratio test to determine if the series is convergent or divergent. 3/4 + 4/16 + 5/64 + 6/ Since r<1, the series is convergent.

19 Example Use the ratio test to determine if the series is convergent or divergent. Since r<1, the series is convergent.

20 Example Use the ratio test to determine if the series is convergent or divergent. Since r>1, the series is divergent.


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