1. Law Librarians & Government Advocacy: The USA PATRIOT Act and Beyond Leah Sandwell-Weiss Rogers College of Law The University of Arizona

2. Agenda  The USA PATRIOT Act  Government Advocacy in AALL  Current Issues  What You Can Do  Questions?

3. USA PATRIOT Act Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (Public Law 107-56)

4. USA PATRIOT Act  Title II: Enhanced Surveillance Procedures - Section 215  Title III: International Money Laundering Abatement and Anti- Terrorist Financing Act of 2001  Title IV: Protecting the Border

5. USA PATRIOT Act  Title V: Removing Obstacles to Investigating Terrorism - NSLs  Title VIII: Strengthening the Criminal Laws against Terrorism  Title IX: Improved Intelligence

6. Business records under FISA Old law - FISA court could order seizure  Of specific types of business records, such as lodging, storage and car rental records  Without probable cause  In foreign intelligence investigation  No discretion

7. Business records under Section 215 FBI can request a FISA court to order any person or entity to turn over “any tangible things... for an investigation to protect against international terrorism or clandestine intelligence activities....”

8. Reactions from Librarians  Library Community Statement on Freedom of Speech and Access to Information  Web pages developed  Videoconference  Librarians spoke out

9. Technically Legal Library Signs Courtesy of Jessamyn West, www.librarian.net/technicality.htmlwww.librarian.net/technicality.html

10. Librarian Values  Provide information on all kinds of subjects & from all perspectives to our communities  Assure access to government information  Fight for civil liberties, including freedom of expression and privacy

11. AALL’s Government Advocacy  1908 – First AALL President lobbies Congress to provide Statutes at Large to law libraries  1927 –Legislation proposed by AALL passed & signed into law  1939 – AALL provides testimony to a Congressional Committee

12. Coalitions with Library Associations  1942 - Helps found the Council of National Library Associations  1943 – Joins with ALA & ARL to form Joint Committee on Government Publications  60s & 70s – Helps organize Joint Libraries Committee on the Copyright Law

13. AALL Takes Action  1985 – Special Committee on the Future of AALL identifies AALL’s “lack of leadership”  1988 – Special Committee develops ideas to improve advocacy  1989 – Washington Affairs Office established  Robert Oakley & Mary Alice Baish

14. Washington Affairs Office  Key Tasks  Educate legislators, policymakers, & press  Influence legislators & policymakers  Work with other groups  Train AALL members to be grassroots activists

15. Educating AALL Members  Annual Legislative & Regulatory Update  Advocacy Training Workshops  Programs at AALL  Speakers

16. Education Efforts  WAO Website: www.ll.georgetown.edu/aallwash/ www.ll.georgetown.edu/aallwash/  GRC Website: www.aallnet.org/committee/govr/ www.aallnet.org/committee/govr/  Action Alerts  Washington Brief column

17. Government Advocacy Focus  Copyright laws  Protecting public access  Protecting intellectual freedom

18. Copyright  Helped prevent passage of database protection legislation  Joined other organizations on several amicus briefs  Successfully opposed UCITA  Orphan works

19. Public Access to Information  Supported plaintiffs in litigation on Vice-President’s Energy Policy meetings  OpenTheGovernment.org  Working with GPO  Permanent Public Access Report: www.ll.georgetown.edu/aallwash/PPAreport.htm

20. Public Access to Information  E-Government Act  www.regulations.gov www.regulations.gov  Re-classification of documents at National Archives  EPA Libraries

21. USA PATRIOT Act  DOJ’s Website: www.lifeandliberty.gov www.lifeandliberty.gov  National Security Letters  USA PATRIOT Act Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005, Pub. L. 109-177  USA PATRIOT Act Additional Reauthorization Amendments Act of 2006, Pub. L. 109-178

22. Provisions of Reauthorization  Some not related to fighting terrorism  Extended sunset dates for Section 215 and 2 other provisions  New requirements for Section 215 orders  Limits who can approve requests to FISA Court  Statement of facts establishing relevancy

23. New Provisions, cont’d  Right to consult attorney & challenge order  Right to appeal gag order pursuant to Section 215 order or NSL after 1 year  Libraries functioning in traditional roles exempt from NSLs – unless...  They are “electronic communication service” providers

24. New Provisions, cont’d  IG required to do audits & DOJ report on 215 orders – except...  President’s signing statement: will “withhold information... which could impair...the performance of the Executive’s constitutional duties.”

25. Proposed Legislation  S. 2369  Enhanced judicial review of FISA orders & NSLs;  Enhanced factual basis for FISA orders; and  Sunset date for NSL provisions

26. What Can You Do?  Stay Informed  Advocacy alerts  Washington Brief columns  beSpacific: www.bespacific.com www.bespacific.com  Law Librarian Blog: www.lawprofessors.typepad.com/law_librarian_ blog/ www.lawprofessors.typepad.com/law_librarian_ blog/ www.lawprofessors.typepad.com/law_librarian_ blog/  LibraryLaw Blog: http://blog.librarylaw.com http://blog.librarylaw.com

27. Hot Off the Presses  New CRS Report: USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005: A Legal Analysis, March 24, 2006, www.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/RL33332.pdf www.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/RL33332.pdf  Secrecy News: www.fas.org/blog/secrecy/ www.fas.org/blog/secrecy/

28. What Can You Do?  Respond quickly to Action Alerts  Phone, fax, or email legislators – or take time for a short, handwritten note  Quantity v. Quality  Issues may need to be responded to more than once

29. Last Bit of Advice  Get to know your legislators!  Develop contacts  Attend meetings  Offer your services  Write letters often  Show appreciation

30. Law Librarians & Government Advocacy: The USA PATRIOT Act and Beyond Questions?