1. Struggles on the frontier of control over professional identity Leading cases from Canada Les luttes sur la frontière de la contrôle sur lidentité professionnel Des cas principals au Canada Shelagh Campbell and Larry Haiven, Saint Marys University, Halifax CRIMT

2. Larry Haiven current research activity Self-Employment Under Conditions of Subordination and Dependency: a Theoretical and Practical Dilemma. Self-Employment Under Conditions of Subordination and Dependency: a Theoretical and Practical Dilemma. The Clash of Two Models of Work Organisation in the Arts: The Theatre Unions Confront the Entertainment Factory (This is my piece on the Blue Man Group dispute in Toronto) The Clash of Two Models of Work Organisation in the Arts: The Theatre Unions Confront the Entertainment Factory (This is my piece on the Blue Man Group dispute in Toronto) Co-operatives in the Arts and Cultural Sector: A Comparison of Italy and Canada Co-operatives in the Arts and Cultural Sector: A Comparison of Italy and Canada The Co-operative and its Workers: Emancipatory Project or Just Another Employer? The Co-operative and its Workers: Emancipatory Project or Just Another Employer? What's so special about unions anyway? Collective bargaining and other worker collectivities. What's so special about unions anyway? Collective bargaining and other worker collectivities. Interest Representation Among Self-Employed Artists: The Case of Unions and Copyright Collectives Interest Representation Among Self-Employed Artists: The Case of Unions and Copyright Collectives Struggles on the Frontier of Control over Professional Identity: Leading Cases from Canada Struggles on the Frontier of Control over Professional Identity: Leading Cases from Canada

3. Paper outline/ aperçu Frontier/ frontière Frontier/ frontière Struggle/ lutte Struggle/ lutte –Professional identity/i dentité professionel –Discretion/ discrétion Krause continuum/ continuum de Krause Krause continuum/ continuum de Krause –4 elements/ 4 éléments Conceptualize dispute as a struggle over professional identity/ conceptualizer le disput comme lutte sur lidentité professionel Conceptualize dispute as a struggle over professional identity/ conceptualizer le disput comme lutte sur lidentité professionel

4. Social Closure/ clôture sociale Exclusionary/ exclusionaire Exclusionary/ exclusionaire Usurpationary/ usurpationaire Usurpationary/ usurpationaire Dual / double Dual / double Demarcationary/ démarcationaire Demarcationary/ démarcationaire

5. Association Workplace Lieu de travail Relationship with State Relations avec létat Market control Contrôle du marché Collective bargaining / négociation collective Profession / profession Krauses continuum of guild power /l e continuum de Krause du pouvoir de la corporation

6. Informal collective of workers Legally formal association Informal collective parlays with employer/engager Voluntary recognition by employer/engager Bargaining on restricted topics Affiliation with other organizations beyond the workplace Official State certification / recognition Full bargaining in scope legally protected Union shop, membership A condition of employment0 Closed shop Organize other workplaces Build the labour movement Social unionism Informal gathering of professionals Voluntary association Exchange of practice standards Legally formal organization Prof society codifies practices: education programs, apprenticeships Certification, credentials Mandatory Apprenticeship/internship State sanction, registration of profession Limit practice to registered professionals Organize all professionals into the association Influence the boundaries of other professions Open shop Industrial/national agreements Dedicated training Collective self-concept as profession associationworkplacerelationship with Statemarket control Collective bargaining Profession

7. Professional identity/ lidentité professionel Professional identity/ lidentité professionel –institutional pressure/ la pression institutionelle –interaction/ intéraction –mutable boundaries/ les frontières changeantes Changing employment structures/ les structures de lemploi changeantes Changing employment structures/ les structures de lemploi changeantes –changes to identity and roles/ les changements à lidentité et les rôles Frontiers pushed back in relationship with State/ les frontières reculées en confronter létat Frontiers pushed back in relationship with State/ les frontières reculées en confronter létat

9. Four key struggles over professional identity Key issues are professional/ les issus clefs soccupent des affaires professionelles Key issues are professional/ les issus clefs soccupent des affaires professionelles Key struggles within the Canadian industrial relations system/ Les luttes clefs au sein du système canadien des relations industrielles Key struggles within the Canadian industrial relations system/ Les luttes clefs au sein du système canadien des relations industrielles –Crown attorneys/ avoués de la couronne –Nurses/ infirmièr(e)s –Teachers/ enseignant(e)s –Actors/ acteurs, actrices –(Professors/ professeur(e)s

11. Crown Attorney Manual: /les avoués de la couronne Prosecution and Administrative Policies for the PPS The policy documents in this Manual are intended to assist prosecutors in Nova Scotia in the exercise of their discretion. They do not create any rights and they do not have the force of law. The policy documents are reproduced here so that the public will be more fully aware of the principles which underlie the many decisions made by prosecutors in dealing with criminal matters.

12. Les infirmiers/ infirmières

13. Les enseignants /enseignantes (de la Colombie-Brittanique)

15. Les acteurs /actrices des média enregistrables

16. Association Workplace Lieu de travail Relationship with State Relations avec létat Market control Contrôle du marché Collective bargaining / négociation collective Profession / profession

17. Instruments Association which bargains Society for license and lobby and discipline Association for credential and training and bargaining Society for lobby, college for license and discipline and union to bargain Union for lobby and bargaining, college in some cases for licensing, otherwise the State licenses Place on continuum M on profession side but preliminary W on bargaining side W with apprenticeship on profession side MM with social unionism but W on profession side Frontier Overcome restriction on bargaining and recognition Strike in the absence of legislative recognition; federal scope of agreement and action Marshal public support for profession, defy restrictions on labour action limiting power of State to control Reopen bargaining over topics related to discretion; marshal public support for profession CrownsArtistsNursesTeachers All are reclaiming stewardship of the public interest and all are fighting for control over professional discretion