1. Middle Ages SOL Review #8

2. Part 1: Early Middle Ages (500 AD – 1000 AD)
The Dark Ages began due to the collapse of which
government 476 AD?
ROME
2. What became the unifying force of Western Europe during
the Dark Ages?
  THE CATHOLIC CHURCH
3. Who was the most powerful person in the Roman Catholic
Church?
THE POPE

3. Part 1: Early Middle Ages (500 AD – 1000 AD)
4. What was the importance of the following church members? A. Monasteries – Preserved GRECO-ROMAN cultural achievements. B. Missionaries – Carried CHRISTIANITY and LATIN to Germanic Tribes. C. Parish Priest - Served the RELIGIOUS and social needs of the common people.

4. Part 1: Early Middle Ages (500 AD – 1000 AD)
ONLY THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH UNITED WESTERN EUROPE
DURING THE DARK AGES (500 AD – 1000 AD)

5. Part 1: Early Middle Ages (500 AD – 1000 AD)
5. The decline of ______________influence in Western Europe
left people with little ________________ against invasion so
they entered into feudal agreements with landholding
____________ who promised to protection them.
  ROMAN PROTECTION NOBLES
6. According to the feudal system, the ___________ gives a
grant of ___________ to a lesser noble.
  KING LAND
7. This grant of land is known as a ______________.
FIEF

6. Part 1: Early Middle Ages (500 AD – 1000 AD)
8. The lesser noble who received the _____________ was
known as a _______________.
  FIEF VASSAL
9. What were large farming estates with the lords’ house,
farmed land, and villages called?
MANORS

7. Part 1: Early Middle Ages (500 AD – 1000 AD)

8. Part 1: Early Middle Ages (500 AD – 1000 AD)
10. What does it mean that the manor had to be self-
sufficient?
HAD TO MAKE EVERYTHING ON THE MANOR
11. Peasants were called _______________.
SERFS

9. Part 2: Nation States
Which Germanic tribe became a force in Western Europe
during the Dark Ages?
  THE FRANKS
2. Who was the greatest ruler of Western Europe during the
Dark Ages?
  CHARLEMAGNE
3. Who did the Pope crown as Holy Roman Emperor in 800
AD?
CHARLEMAGNE

10. Charlemagne – 1ST Holy Roman Emperor

11. The Frankish Kingdom – 800 AD

12. Part 2: Nation States
4. Under the rule of Charlemagne, Churches, ____________ , and schools were built to unite the Frankish Kingdom. ROADS 5. Some invaders during the Dark Ages included the following: a. __________ and ____________ settled in England. ANGLES AND SAXONS b. The _______________ settled in Hungary MAGYARS c. The ________ migrated from Scandinavia to Russia. VIKINGS

13. Part 2: Nation States - Invaders

14. Part 2: Nation States
6. Invasions disrupted _____________, towns declined,
manors with castles were developed, and the _________
system was strengthened.
TRADE
FEUDAL

15. Part 2: Nation States - ENGLAND
_______________the Conqueror, leader of the Norman Conquest, united most of England in 1066 AD.
WILLIAM
2. Why was the Great Council created? What is it known as
today?
  TO ADVISE THE KING PARLIAMENT
3. Common law had its beginnings during the reign of
______________ II.
HENRY

16. Part 2: Nation States - ENGLAND
4. King John signed the __________ _____________ in 1215,
limiting the king’s power and giving more power to
the ________________.
  MAGNA CARTA NOBLES
The Hundred Years’ War between ____________ and
____________ helped define England as a nation.
ENGLAND AND FRANCE

17. Part 2: Nation States - FRANCE
Hugh _________ established the French throne in city of
____________, and he expanded his control over
most of ____________.
CAPET PARIS FRANCE
2. Who became a French hero during The Hundred Years’
War?
JOAN OF ARC

18. Part 2: Nation States - SPAIN
1. ______________and Isabella unified the country and expelled Jews and _____________.
  FERDINAND MOORS (MUSLIMS)
2. Spanish Empire in the Western Hemisphere expanded under _______________ V.
CHARLES

19. Part 2: Nation States - RUSSIA
_____________the Great threw off the rule of the
Mongols, centralized power in city of _______________
and expanded the Russian nation.
IVAN MOSCOW
2. Define: Tsar
  KING
3. What was the major church in Russia?
GREEK ORTHODOX

20. Part 2: Nation States - Russa
BALTIC SEA M
BLACK SEA

21. Part 3: Crusades What city was captured by Muslims in the Holy Land
(Palestine) that led to the Crusades?
JERUSALEM
2. Which Pope called for the Crusades?
  URBAN II (GOD WILLS IT! GOD WILLS IT!)
3. What was the goal of the Crusaders?
TO RECAPTURE THE HOLY LAND AND JERUSALEM
FROM THE MUSLIMS

22. Part 3: Crusades

23. Part 3: Crusades
4. Who recaptured Jerusalem for the Muslims that led to the 3rd Crusade? SALADIN 5. Which Christian city would the Crusaders sack on their way to the Holy Land? CONSTANTINOLPE

24. Part 3: Crusades BYZANTINE 6. The effects of the Crusades included:
A. Weakened the __________ and ______________; strengthened monarchs
CHURCH (POPE) NOBLES
B. Stimulated _________________ throughout the Mediterranean area and the Middle East
TRADE
C. Left a legacy of bitterness among _______________, ____________, and Muslims
CHRISTIANS JEWS
D. Weakened the ______________ Empire
BYZANTINE

25. Part 3: Crusades
7. Which invaders from Asia would attack Russia, the Middle
East and create a huge empire by 1300 AD?
  MONGOLS
8. Constantinople was captured by the ______________
________________ in 1453 AD and renamed Istanbul.
OTTOMAN TURKS

26. MONGOL EMPIRE 1200 AD

27. Part 4: The Plague TRADE POWER
How did the plague (Black Death) get to Europe in 1347 AD?
ITALIAN MERCHANT SHIPS COMING BACK FROM THE MIDDLE EAST
2. How much of Europe population died from the plague?
  1/3 TO 1/2
3. The plague led to a scarcity of _________________, the end of the ______________ system, disruption of ____________, and the decline of church ___________.
LABOR FEUDAL
TRADE POWER

28. Part 4: The Plague

29. Part 5. The Middle Ages Church
Members of the Catholic Church among the very few
who could ___________ and __________________.
READ AND WRITE
2. Worked in _______________________. Preserved
__________- __________________ achievements.
  MONASTERIES
3. Translated Greek and Arabic works into ___________.
LATIN

30. Part 5: The Middle Ages Church
4. Made new knowledge in philosophy, _________________,
and science available in Europe.
  MEDICINE
5. Laid the foundations for the rise of __________________
in Europe.
UNIVERSITIES