1. How do you prove your point?
DO NOW TO WHAT EXTENT IS THE TERM “RENAISSANCE” A VALID CONCEPT FOR A DISTINICT PERIOD IN EARLY MODERN EUROPEAN HISTORY.
What are you answering?
How do you prove your point?
Is it a valid concept Yes or no to what extent either way somewhat, slightly, entirely, completely. Prove it
NOT- DIFFERENT MORE CLOSELY RELATED TO REVOLUTION, SITE RELIGION, ART (SPECIFICLY HUMANISM , PERSPECTIVE) EDUCATION HUMANIST APPROACH VS. SCHOLATICISM.
IS- STEPPING STONE FOR GREAT MOVEMENT FORWARD IN EDUCATION, ART RELIGION AND POLITICS.

2. 100 Years War Black Plague Great Schism
What events of the Middle Ages affected the development of the Renaissance
100 Years War Black Plague Great Schism

3. GREAT SCHISM Church moves from Rome to Avignon in France
all popes French
Pope Gregory XI returns Pope to Rome – Dies-
Rome force election of Roman Pope
Church splits
1 pope in Rome Urban VI
1 pope in Avignon Clement VII
1409 Council of Pisa electes new pope Alexander V
1417 Council of Constance elects new pope

4. Devastating effects on population First appears in 1347 in Italy
THE BLACK PLAGUE
Proximity made it spread faster
Killed within days
34% of population of Europe dies
Disease spread by rats
Comes from the East
Devastating effects on population
First appears in 1347 in Italy
Throughout Europe by 1353

5. HUNDRED YEARS' WAR French power and development
Lasted off and on for 117 years
Battled for control of France
Established French control of mainland Europe and removed British control

6. THE RENAISSANCE
DO NOW
Take sheet of paper and write a thesis for the question on it. Please be sure to not re-write the question and list you 3 points of proof.

7. naissance Re re
birth
A Rebirth of what??
The Greeks and Romans
Ancient Culture

8. THE RENAISSANCE COULD BE CONSIDERED A BRIDGE:
The Middle Ages
The Modern World
“By celebrating the beauty of nature and the dignity of mankind, Renaissance artists and scholars helped shape the intellectual and cultural history of the modern world.”

9. WHAT IS THE RENAISSANCE??
A 300 year period in Western Europe that marked the revival of art, literature and learning.
a transition period between medieval and modern Europe.
A time of creativity and change in the areas ex. Politics, culture,society and economics.
A spiritual reawakening
A renewed interest in the classical learning of the past.

10. ITALY IN TRANSITION
Medieval Europe had been a fragmented feudal society with an agricultural economy
Its thought and culture dominated by the church
Renaissance Europe, especially after the 14th century was characterized by growing national consciousness and political centralization
An urban economy based on organized commerce and capitalism
With ever greater lay and secular control of thought culture and religion.

11. WHY ITALY?? Center of Ancient Roman History.
Italian cities survived the Middle Ages and the Plague
Milan, Florence, Genoa, and Venice in the north Rome in the center and Naples in the south all make an impact.
Centers of trade
Powerful merchant class evolves and promotes a cultural rebirth.

12. Nations as we know them today did not exist  City States
POLITICAL STRUCTURE
Nations as we know them today did not exist  City States
What is a City State?

13. What are the advantages? Disadvantages?

14. Constitutional Oligarchies
2% - 12% (depending of the city) of the male population in these city-states actually had the right to vote.
Examples: Venice, Siena, Lucca and Florence (until the Medici family)
Executive Bodies – dominated by the most powerful families
Legislative or advisory councils
Special Commission

15. Hereditary Despotism
Signori – run by a single family. Example: Milan was ruled the Sforza family
What does this seem like that exists in today’s society?

16. Republics
Example: Venice – its constitution had a balance of political interests
The doge – an official elected for life by the Senate – executive authority (like a monarch)
The Great Council – 2,500 patricians – elected a Senate which represented nobility - No one represented the peasants who were ½ the population

17. Papal States Pope – the spiritual prince
He was elected for life by cardinals
Ran just like any other city-state
There was a declining role of the papacy over the city-states after the Babylonian Captivity

18. Military Importance
Why was it so necessary in this type of political environment to have a strong military?

19. They were able to provide credit to purchasers – stimulating trade.
Economic Structure
Development of banking – How does this help to stimulate the economy?
Florence’s currency the gold florin became the standard currency in European trade.
Positives?
They were able to provide credit to purchasers – stimulating trade.
International Trade

20. Economic Structure Negatives?
Risky – the King of England had forced Florentine merchants to loan him money – he defaulted when he failed during an invasion of France in the 100 years’ War – many bankers went into bankruptcy.

21. Social Structure
POPULO GROSSO: “fat people” – 5% of the population – elite/nobles, wealthy merchants, and manufacturers.
MEDIOCI: middle – smaller merchants and master artisans.
POPULO MINUTO: “little people” – bulk of the urban population.

22. Social Structure There was some social mobility – Why?
What were the social classes based on?

23. Florence, Italy Center of the Southern Renaissance
Why? Why did it become the center of the Renaissance?
The Arno Rivier – which flowed through the port of Pisa, helped trade and commerce (Florence conquered Pisa)
Medici Family – encouraged a cultural movement
City honored accomplishments of citizens
Education – many schools(civic as well as private) – university – highest literacy rate in Europe

24. The Medici Family - Cosimo
Wealthy Banking Family – provided stability
Bank of the Pope _ John XXIII
Banished rival clans
Manipulated electoral process
Cosimo’s Grandson – survived an assassination attempt – hours later enemies of the family were hanging upside down from a government building – including the archbishop of Pisa
Botticelli was commissioned to paint them as they swung.

25. Culture of the Renaissance:
Gutenberg – development of Printing
Diffusion of a variety of
Histories
Treatises
Biographies
Autobiographies and poems
LIBRARIES

26. Scholasticism  Humanism
Culture of the Renaissance:
Scholasticism  Humanism
The study of law, medicine and theology To
The study of grammar, rhetoric, and metaphysics

27. WHAT IS HUMANISM Leonardo Da Vinci
-An intellectual movement, study of classic culture of Greece and Rome.
focus on worldly subjects rather than religious issues.
Use wisdom of ancients to increase the understanding of their own times
Education should stimulate a person creativity
Humanist do not accept texts without question but, studied them in light of their own experiences.
Leonardo Da Vinci

28. Culture of the Renaissance:
Petrarch – Tuscan poet – copied ancient works from manuscripts
Discovered texts no one new about
Inspired successors to find and copy other classical manuscripts