1. World History
Age of Absolutism

2. Based on the image, how would you describe an absolute monarch?
Louis XIV
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3. Preview What might be the pros and cons to having an absolute monarch?
Can you think of any factors that would weaken a monarch’s power?
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4. Preview Identify 3 characteristics of an absolute monarch.
Why did some think it was necessary to have an absolute ruler?
Name 2 reasons European monarchs became wealthy.
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5. List at least 5 qualities that are important for a monarch to possess and tell why
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6. If you could become monarch for the day, what three rules would you implement and why?
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7. What are two accomplishments of Peter the Great?
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8. Who was the greatest ruler of the time?
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9. Label and shade the Five Powers that Emerged from the Age of Exploration
Unscramble the four key concepts that led to the emergence of absolute powers
Assignment

10. The Age of Absolute Monarch
By the end of the Renaissance,
New nations were formed in
Europe
Many of these nations were
Ruled by powerful kings with
Unlimited power known as
Absolute monarchs
The era from 1600 to mid-1700s
Was known as the Age of
Absolutism
How did European kings gain
so much power?
The Age of Absolute Monarch

11. The Rise of Absolute Monarchs
During the Middle Ages, European kings were not very powerful
Instead, feudal lords had real power because they controlled local manors and had the loyalty of knights
The Catholic Church was the dominate religion in Europe
The Pope had power over the peasants

12. The Rise of Absolute Monarch
This Trade sparked the Renaissance and weakened the power of feudal lords
The Crusades stimulated trade and led to the rise of cities in Europe
As feudalism declined
The power of kings
increased
The Rise of Absolute Monarch

16. What is an Absolute Monarch?
An absolute monarch is a king or queen who believes that all of the power rests in their hands. There is no limit to their power
Charles II – King of Ireland and Scotland
What is an Absolute Monarch?

17. Peter the Great of Russia Louis XIV of France Phillip II of Spain
By 1600, some European kings had become absolute monarchs
Frederick the Great of Prussia
Peter the Great of Russia
Absolute monarchy is a government in which one king should hold all the power within a country
Louis XIV of France
Maria Theresa of Austria
Absolute monarchs controlled all aspects of their nations, including taxes, religion, the military, and the economy
Phillip II of Spain

19. Divine right is the idea that God created the monarchy
Monarch is God’s representative on earth.
The absolute monarch answers only to God, not to their subjects
How does the concept of divine right attempt to use religion to discourage dissent or disagreement with the monarch?
What do you think? Do the monarchs really try to do God’s will?
What is Divine Right?

20. ABSOLUTISM
Absolute Power + Theory of divine rights of kings (and queens) = Absolute Divine Right Monarchy
Peter the Great of Russia

21. How do Monarchs increase their power?
Monarchs want to build huge armies
How do they pay for this?
Taxes are raised
How do the people feel about this?
Peasants revolt
How will the monarch respond?
Monarchs increase army and seize even more control
How do Monarchs increase their power?

22. European Monarchs

24. France before king Louis XIV
Before Louis XIV came to power, France was a nation in conflict between Catholics and French Protestants (called Huguenots)
King Henry IV tried to fix this issue by declaring religious freedom called the Edit of Nantes
After Henry IV died, Catholic leaders took control of France, ended the Edict of Nantes, weakened the power of nobles, and increased the power of monarchy
Louis XIV of France

27. Roman gods

32. Assignment Complete the “The Sun King” worksheet
Design your own Palace of Versailles
Assignment

33. Peter the Great

34. Preview

35. Russia before Peter the Great
Over time, czars expanded Russia’s borders, increased their power over the nobles, and created an absolute monarchy
Russia was influenced by the Ottoman Empire but was conquered by the Mongolians
Ivan III successfully liberated Russia from the Mongols and ruled as first czar (“Caesar” or “king”)
Russia before Peter the Great

36. But Russia was not as advanced as Western European nations
By the time Peter the Great became czar in 1682, Russia was a large empire
But Russia was not as advanced as Western European nations

37. Most Russians were feudal peasant working for nobles (called boyars)
Russia was isolated from Western Europe and know very little about the new ideas of the Renaissance
Russia had no advance industry, no overseas colonies, and an economy of small scale farmers
While European nations grew wealthy from trade/industry, made cultural advances, and had strong economy
Most Russians were feudal peasant working for nobles (called boyars)

39. Adopted a European calendar Improved farming techniques
When he returned from Europe, Peter imposed new reforms to Westernize Russia
Adopted European fashions by banning beards for men and veils for women
Adopted a European calendar
Improved farming techniques
Used mercantilism as an economic policy
Created iron and lumber factories
Modernized the army and navy
Made himself head of the Orthodox Church (like Henry VIII in England)

40. Peter expanded Russia’s borders and built a new “European-style” Russian capital at St. Petersburg

41.
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42. The Legacy of Peter the Great
As a result of Peter the Great, Russia became a more advanced, Western nation
But, modernization was slow process and Russia had a not fully industrialized by World War I
During World War I, revolutionaries overthrew the monarchy and created a radical new government based on socialism
The Legacy of Peter the Great

43. Elizabeth I of England

44. Preview

45. England before Elizabeth
Unlike other nations in Europe, England had a limited monarchy rather than an absolute monarch
During the Middle Ages, English nobles revolted against a cruel king who overtaxed them
In 1215, nobles forced King John to sign the Magna Carta which limited the king’s power and protected citizen’s rights
England before Elizabeth

46. The Magna Carta created a “limited monarchy” and led to the formation Parliament in 1295
Parliament is a legislative group of commoners and lords who work with the king to pass laws and taxes

47. After Henry’s death, his son
Edward VI became king, but he died
at the age of 15
executed

54. The monarchy

56. Rights

61. Phillip II of Spain

62. Phillip’s Accomplishments
As king, Philip controlled Spain, the Netherlands, and colonies in America, but Philip took Portugal and its colonies in Africa and India too.
This brought Spain great wealth, which Philip used to build a strong army and the Spanish armada.
Philip used his navy to defend
Catholicism against Protestants
and Ottoman Muslims.
Phillip’s Accomplishments

63. Phillip being a devout Catholic, he was a hero of the Counterreformation raging in Europe in which he managed to hold back Protestant expansion

64. Spanish Armada unsuccessfully attacked Protestant England

66. Despite Spain's power around the world from across south and central America to Spain, north Africa, the Low Countries and southern Italy to the Philippines in the Far East.. There was a decline caused by:
Incapable monarchs – Hapsburg Dynasty in 1700
Costly wars – Spanish Armada defeat
Massive inflation
The Decline of Spain

67. How bad was Hapsburg’s inbreeding?
Charles’s mother was a niece of Charles’s father
Maria Anna was his aunt and also his grandmother
Margaret of Austria was his grandmother and great grandmother
The inbreeding was so bad his 8 great grandparents were all descendants of the same couple, Joanne and Philip I
How bad was Hapsburg’s inbreeding?

68. Partners to present their story book on Who’s the Absolutist of Them All?
Assessment

69. Review Game Break into two groups
Each team come up with questions (will draw test questions from them)
Select a team captain
Team Captain will ask the question to the other team
A member of the other team answer the question after discussion with team mates
Team with the most points will receive candy
Review Game