1. Turn in your Homework to the Red Bin Fill out the Goals Sheet individually: You need to have:  3 goals: one short-term goal, one medium-term goal, one long-term goal  One goal needs to be about academics, the others can be about anything you like  This is PERSONAL  BJOTD:

2. The 16 th, 17 th, and 18 th Centuries in Europe

3.  A rise of cites  A rise in the Middle Class (merchants)……who usually backed monarchies  Monarchs use their wealthy colonies to pay for their ambitions- Mercantilism  Church authority broke down, the Reformation and 30 Years War occurred  Religious and territorial disputes between states led to almost constant warfare  Some people wanted a strong leader to guide them through all the problems and changes taking place

4.  You have 10 minutes to draw your image of the perfect leader  You need to include: The leader 5 items/symbols included in the picture that demonstrate what it is about these leaders that made them perfect For example: Owl eyes=wisdom

5.  European monarchs tried to take the authority to rule without ANY limits.  Goal: to control all aspects of society

6.  Divine right: the idea that God created the monarchy and the monarchy acted as God’s representative on earth  The king answered only to God and not the people

8.  What is an absolute monarch?  What did these absolute monarchs in Europe feel gave them the right to rule?

9.  On your own piece of paper, label the page “Bellringer 11/5/2010” and answer the following questions in complete sentences.  Why were Europeans looking for a strong leader after the Age of Exploration and the Protestant Reformation?  What is an absolute monarch? What is divine right?  BJOTD:

10.  Louis XIV is considered to be the ultimate example of an absolute monarch.  L’etat c’est moi. (I am the state)  “Call me the ‘sun king’ because all that is good radiates from me.”

11.  How he gained absolute power  Weakened the power of the nobles  Increased the power of government workers

12.  Jean Baptiste Colbert, Minister of Finance, tried to make France self-sufficient through mercantilism  In other words, he wanted France to make all its own goods  Placed high tariffs (taxes) on goods from other countries  Encouraged people to move to France’s colonies to help export more raw materials to France  Fur trade from America added money to the treasury

13.  Bad side of Louis:  After Baptiste died, Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes. Many skilled Protestant artisans and businessmen fled to other countries  What was the effect of this?

14.  Louis surrounded himself with only the best  Each meal was a feast with over 500 cooks  Louis was awake every day at 7:30 and outside stood 100 nobles all waiting to help him dress, however, only 4 were given the honor of getting him his slippers

15. He built a huge palace, the Palace at Versailles, 11 miles outside of Paris

16.  15,000 acres of gardens  1,400 fountains  36,000 laborers  2,000 rooms  Cost: 2 billion dollars

18.  Under Louis, France was the most powerful country in Europe  In a series of wars, France tried to increase its boundaries, and won a few territories.  However, France was weakened due to bad harvests and high taxes put in place to pay for the wars  France was forced to give Great Britain its North American territories after losing the Seven Year’s War

19.  How did Louis XIV increase his control over his country?  How did Louis XIV bring disaster to France?

20.  Before Fredrick the Great, Frederick William, after seeing the destruction the 30 Year War left built a strong Army  They army was the strongest in Europe and had over 80,000 men.  Frederick William created a strong military society, but feared his son would not be strong enough to rule so he raised his son very tough.

21.  Prussia was a new state north of Austria  It later became part of Germany  Prussia rose to power in the late 1600s  Ruling family: Hohenzollerns  Frederick the Great created a strong military society

22.  Ivan IV, called Ivan the Terrible was Russia’s first Czar  GOOD: gained territory, and developed a code of laws  BAD: His wife was murdered and to avenge her death he hunted down anyone he thought was a traitor and killed them, usually the boyars (landowners)  “Secret Police” killed thousands  After Ivan, Russia fell into a period of turmoil  Russia needed a strong leader

23.  Peter took the throne in 1696  Russia still underdeveloped: made up of serfs and boyars (landowners)  Russia was cut off from Western Europe  Mongol rulers kept them isolated during Renaissance and Age of Exploration  Geographic barriers: ice  Religion: Eastern Orthodox

24.  Peter visited Western Europe and saw:  New inventions and tools  Ships and exploration  Peter wanted a warm weather port (dock) to help modernize the country

25.  Main goal: to westernize Russia  Peter believed he needed ABSOLUTE control to accomplish this

26.  Took over Eastern Orthodox church  Took power from landowners  Modernized the army: western tactics and weapons  New army=more taxes  Increased women’s rights  Ordered nobles to wear western fashions

27.  Peter went to war with Sweden to gain control of the Baltic Coast.  After 21 years, he won and built St. Petersburg  It became his new capital city

28.  What was Prussia’s society based on?  Who did Louis XIV and Peter the Great both have to take power from, and why?

29.  Create a caricature (one per side of page) for each of the absolute monarchs  Louis XIV (front p 1)  Frederick the Great (back p 1)  Peter the Great (front p 2)

30. 1. Neat- straight lines, neat writing…. 2. Title for each drawing 3. A background with important pieces labeled- 4. Incorporate major parts from the notes- at least 5 5. THIS WILL BE GRADED