1. Obchodní akademie, Ostrava-Poruba, příspěvková organizace Vzdělávací materiál/DUM VY_32-INOVACE_05C/13 Great Britain / Political System Autor Mgr. Jana Kondeková Období vytvoření Srpen 2013 Ročník/věková kategorie 4. ročník / 18-19 let Vyučovací předmět/klíčová slova Great Britain / Political System Anotace Práce slouží k procvičení reálií s tématikou Great Britain /Political system jako příprava k maturitní zkoušce.

2. Great Britain Part Thirteen Political System of Great Britain

3. Political System A Monarch Elizabeth II. Synopsis, Early Life, Public Duties, Marriage, Her Children, Now in Her Eighties, Personal Life Parliament History, Interesting Facts, The House of Commons, The House of Lords, Types of Members The Parliamentary Parties The Current State of Parties

4. A Monarch Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy This means that it has a monarch (a king or a queen) as its Head of State. The monarch has very little power and can rule with the support of Parliament. In reality, everything is done on the advice of the elected Government, the monarch takes no part in the decision- making process.

5. Elizabeth II (6 February 1952 – present) File:Elizabeth II, Buckingham Palace, 07 Mar 2006 crop.jpeg. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elizabeth_II, _Buckingham_Palace,_07_Mar_2006_crop.jpeg http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Elizabeth_II, _Buckingham_Palace,_07_Mar_2006_crop.jpeg (accessed Aug 19, 2013).

6. SYNOPSIS Queen Elizabeth II was born as Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary on April 21, 1926 in London, to Prince Albert, Duke of York (later King George VI), and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. She married Philip Mountbatten, Duke of Edinburgh in 1947, became queen on February 6, 1952, and was crowned on June 2, 1953. During her reign, she has tried to make the British monarchy more modern and sensitive to the public

7. EARLY LIFE Her father, Prince Albert, was the second son of King George V and Queen Mary. Elizabeth got to enjoy the first decade of her life with all the privileges of being a royal with the pressures of being the heir apparent. Her father and mother, also known as the Duke and Duchess of York, divided their time between a home in London and Royal Lodge, the family's home on the grounds of Windsor Great Park. Elizabeth and her younger sister Margaret were educated at home by tutors. Their studies included French, mathematics, history and geography. They also took dancing, singing and art lessons.

8. PUBLIC DUTIES Elizabeth soon started taking up public duties. Appointed Colonel-in-Chief of the Grenadier Guards by her father, Elizabeth made her first public appearance inspecting the troops in 1942. She also began to accompany her parents on official visits within Great Britain. In 1945, Elizabeth joined the Auxiliary Territorial Service to help in the war effort. She trained side-by-side with other British women to be an expert driver and mechanic. While her volunteer work only lasted a few months, it offered Elizabeth a glimpse into a different, non-royal world.

9. MARRIAGE Elizabeth first met Philip Mountbatten, son of Prince Andrew of Greece, when she was only 13 and was smitten with him from the start. Distant cousins, the pair kept in touch over the years and eventually fell in love. Her father, King George VI, was hesitant about the match. Mountbatten had ties to both the Danish and Greek royal families, but he didn't have great wealth and was a bit rough in his personality. They made an unusual pair. Elizabeth was quiet and reserved while Philip was boisterous and outspoken. The ceremony was held at London's Westminster Abbey on November 20, 1947.

10. Prince Charles Prince Charles makes plea on alternative medicine. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/laura-donnelly/10576548/Prince-Charles- makes-plea-on-alternative-medicine.html http://www.telegraph.co.uk/journalists/laura-donnelly/10576548/Prince-Charles- makes-plea-on-alternative-medicine.html (accessed Aug 19, 2013).

11. Princess Anne Princess Anne. http://www.britishroyals.info/category/princess- annesfamily/princess-anne/page/2/ http://www.britishroyals.info/category/princess- annesfamily/princess-anne/page/2/ (accessed Aug 19, 2013).

12. Children of the Royal Family Gallery: Children of royalty over the years. http://www.windsorstar.com/entertainment/photos+children+roya lty+over+years/8651345/story.html http://www.windsorstar.com/entertainment/photos+children+roya lty+over+years/8651345/story.html (accessed Aug 19, 2013).

13. Now in Her Eighties, she celebrated her Diamond Jubilee in 2013. The celebration marked her 60 years as queen. As part of the jubilee festivities, a special service was held at Westminister Abbey on June 2nd, the 60th anniversary of her coronation. Elizabeth was surrounded by family at this historic event, including her husband Prince Philip, son Prince Charles and her grandsons Prince Harry and Prince William. British prime minister David Cameron was also on hand. Elizabeth may even surpass Queen Victoria as Britain's longest ruling monarch who reigned for 63 years.

14. PERSONAL LIFE Elizabeth likes to spend her free time on quiet pastimes. She likes to read mysteries, work on crossword puzzles and even to watch wrestling on television. For much of her life, Elizabeth has surrounded herself with dogs. She is especially known for her love of corgis, she became a horse enthusiast and attends several racing events each year. Queen Elizabeth II Biography - Facts, Birthday, Life Story - Biography.com http://www.biography.com/people/queen-elizabeth-ii- 9286165?page=1http://www.biography.com/people/queen-elizabeth-ii- 9286165?page=1 (accessed March 01, 2013).

15. Parliament Parliament consists of two chambers known as the House of Commons and the House of Lords. Parliement and the monarch have different roles in the government of the country. They only meet together on symbolic occassions such as the coronation of a new monarch or the opening of Parliament. In reality, the House of Commons has true power. It is here that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members like the bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated and finally to the monarch to be signed. Then it becomes law. A bill must be supported by all three bodies, the House of Lords has limited powers and the monarch has not refused to sign one since the modern political system began over 200 years ago.

16. History of the Parliament of Great Britain The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and dissolved the separate English and Scottish parliaments in favour of a single parliament, located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.

17. Interesting Facts Type: Bicameral Houses: House of Lords House of Commons Leadership: Monarch Elizabeth II Since 6 February 1952 Lord Speaker: The Baroness D'Souza Since 1 September 2011 Speaker of the House of Commons: John Bercow Since 22 June 2009 Structure: Seats 1,410 760 Peers 650 Members of Parliament (MPs)

18. Houses of Parliament Parliament of the United Kingdom. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Un ited_Kingdom http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Un ited_Kingdom (accessed Aug 19, 2013).

19. The House of Commons The House of Commons is made up of 650 elected members, known as Members of Parliament. Each of them represents an area of the UK. They are elected by either at a general election ot at a by-election following the death or retirement of an MP. The election lasts about three weeks. Everyone over 18 can vote in an election. Parliamentary election must be held every five years.

20. The House of Lords The House of Lords has 763 members. They debate a bill after it has been passed by the House of Commons. Changes may be recommended and agreement between the two Houses is reached by negotiation. The House of Lords is the only non-elected second chamber among all the democracies in the world and some people would like to abolish it.

21. Types of Members The parliament is bicameral, with an upper house, the House of Lords, and a lower house, the House of Commons. The House of Lords includes two different types of members: the Lords Spiritual (the senior bishops of the Church of England ) and the Lords Temporal (members of the Peerage) whose members are not elected by the population at large, but are appointed by the Sovereign on the advice of the Prime Minister. The number of members is not fixed; as of 11 June 2012 the House of Lords has 763 members The Commons is an elected body consisting of 650 members known as Members of Parliament (MPs).

22. The Parliamentary Parties. Nearly all MPs are members of political parties. The list below details the current composition of the House of Commons, based on the number of MPs in each party. If an MP is not a member of a political party, they are known as an 'Independent'. This list was last updated on 4 June 2013 by the House of Commons Information Office.

23. Bibliography SHEERIN, S. Spotlight on Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. ISBN 0194327884. VESELÝ, K. The English Speaking Countries. SPN, 1983. Queen Elizabeth II Biography - Facts, Birthday, Life Story - Biography.com http://www.biography.com/people/queen-elizabeth-ii-9286165?page=1 http://www.biography.com/people/queen-elizabeth-ii-9286165?page=1 (accessed March 01, 2013).

24. The End of Part Thirteen Thank You for Your Attention. Mgr. Jana Kondeková jana.kondekova@oa-poruba.cz