1. Governments around the world
Leadership Styles
Governments around the world

2. Totalitarianism
absolute control by a political party - often communist, socialist or fascist ideology
all economic activity is controlled by the party
Totalitarian governments are often led by a dictator who has complete power. These countries are often also aggressive and racist.

3. Totalitarian governments are effective:
Totalitarianism
when a goal must be accomplished in a set time period
when all citizens agree to policies/goals set by the leader(s)
if the leader abides by the same rules as the citizens
Totalitarian governments are effective:

4. Totalitarian governments are not effective:
Totalitarianism
if citizens do not agree to the rules/policies set by the leader
if the leader does not follow the same rules as the citizens
if there is no time limit for a goal
Totalitarian governments are not effective:

5. Totalitarianism
U.S.S.R Joseph Stalin

6. Totalitarianism
Italy Benito Mussolini

7. Totalitarianism
Germany Adolf Hitler

8. Totalitarianism
Spain Francisco Franco

9. Totalitarianism
North Korea Kim Il- sung

10. Totalitarianism
China Mao Zedong

11. Totalitarianism
Cuba Fidel Castro

12. Autocracy leader has absolute power, and tells others what to do
limited discussion on ideas
leader can be elected into power
decisions may be made by a monarch (hereditary leadership) or a dictator (non-hereditary leadership)
only an absolute monarchy has total control. constitutional monarchies (Great Britain, Canada) do not, and are not considered autocratic

13. Can a Totalitarian Government have an autocratic leader?
Autocracy
Yes, they can and most often do. Totalitarianism is the presence of total government control, whereas an autocracy indicates the presence of a dictator or a monarch
Can a Totalitarian Government have an autocratic leader?

14. Autocracies are effective:
Autocracy
when time is limited in decision making
individuals/groups lack skill and knowledge
citizens do not get along or are unable to co-operate
citizens and government staff do not respond to leadership styles
Autocracies are effective:

15. Autocracies are not effective:
Autocracy
when developing a strong sense of teamwork is a goal
citizens have some degree of skill or knowledge
when citizens want their opinion to be heard
Autocracies are not effective:

16. Autocratic Leaders
King Louis XIV of France reigned for 72 years

17. Autocratic Leaders
Joseph Stalin - U.S.S.R years in power

18. Autocratic Leaders
Adolf Hitler - Germany years in power

19. Autocratic Leaders
Muammar Gaddafi - Libya 32 years in power

20. Autocratic Leaders
Bashar al-Assad - Syria in power since 2000

21. Oligarchy
an oligarchy is similar to an autocratic government except that power rests in a small group rather than one person

22. Democracy decisions are made by the majority
power rests in the body of citizens, and the head of government is not a monarch
some democratic countries have a monarch, but still elect a government to make decisions. The monarch has little power. This situation is called a constitutional monarchy.

23. Democratic governments are effective:
Democracy
when there is a high degree of skill and/or motivation among citizens
a sense of teamwork exists
routines are familiar to citizens
Democratic governments are effective:

24. Democratic governments are not effective:
Democracy
when there is a low degree of skill or knowledge among citizens
when a low sense of teamwork/interdependence exists
citizens expect to be told what to do
Democratic governments are not effective:

25. Democracy
Canada

26. Democracy
United States of America

27. Democracy
Japan

28. Democracy
India

29. Democracy
England

30. Laissez-Faire no group leader or system of government
a state of social disorder due to lack of government
laissez-faire is also known as anarchy

31. Laissez-faire is effective:
when time is available
group is motivated and/or a sense of team exists
members of the group have some degree of skill or knowledge
Laissez-faire is effective:

32. Laissez-faire is not effective:
high degree of conflict is present
group is unmotivated
members of the group have little skill or knowledge
Laissez-faire is not effective:

33. Laissez-faire is not effective:
high degree of conflict is present
group is unmotivated
members of the group have little skill or knowledge
Laissez-faire is not effective:

34. Laissez-Faire
Somalia

35. Theocracy
leadership by religion

36. Theocracy is effective:
when all citizens possess the same understanding of the religion
when values/morals/ethics are the same for all citizens
Theocracy is effective:

37. Theocracy is not effective:
when religious rules are interpreted differently among citizens
when values/morals/ethics are different among citizens
Theocracy is not effective:

38. Theocracy
Vatican City - Pope Benedict XVI

39. Theocracy
Iran - Sayyed Ali Khamenei

40. Aristocracy
decisions made by those considered to be superior through wealth or education
people in charge considered “naturally better” or “high born”

41. Aristocracy Aristocracy is effective: Aristocracy is not effective:
when the aristocracy is interested in the welfare well- being of the citizens
Aristocracy is effective:
when the aristocracy becomes self-interested and greedy
Aristocracy is not effective:

42. French Estates System First Estate (Clergy) Second Estate (Nobility)
Bishops - 139
Monks
Nuns
Lower Clergy
Second Estate
(Nobility)
Third Estate
(Everyone
else)