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Ambiguities in representing thesauri using extended SKOS Examples from real life Jutta Lindenthal TPDL – 2012-09-27 – NKOS workshop.

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Presentation on theme: "Ambiguities in representing thesauri using extended SKOS Examples from real life Jutta Lindenthal TPDL – 2012-09-27 – NKOS workshop."— Presentation transcript:

1 Ambiguities in representing thesauri using extended SKOS Examples from real life Jutta Lindenthal TPDL – 2012-09-27 – NKOS workshop

2 Concept hierarchies Node labels labelling arrays of sibling concepts formed by characteristics of division representing concepts not used for indexing representing classification/like elements Concept groups fields, themes, subject areas, miro-thesauri: classification-like structures for display and browsing Presentation overview

3 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder... doctor grandam heart lung liver kidneystomach gut Pussy

4 all mammals some HierarchicalRelationship (Generic) Concept hierarchy – All-and-some-test

5 all pets some HierarchicalRelationship (Generic) Concept hierarchy – All-and-some-test

6 all biology some HierarchicalRelationship (Generic) Concept hierarchy – All-and-some-test

7 vertebrates animals all mammals some HierarchicalRelationship (Generic) Concept hierarchy – transitive closure transitive closure

8 Source: Art & Architecture ThesaurusArt & Architecture Thesaurus Concept hierarchy, thesaurus array and concept group a Generic Hierarchy 25.3 Spezific zoology Source: Gemeinsame NormdateiGemeinsame Normdatei ConceptGroup cats. (cats by degree of domestication).. wild cats.. semi-feral cats.. domestic cats. (cats by usage).. laboratory cats.. pet cats ThesaurusArrays array node label

9 ThesaurusArrays and NodeLabels according to ISO 25964-1 iso-thes: ThesaurusArray (cats by degree of domestication) skos:member skos:narrower skos:member iso-thes: ThesaurusArray (cats by usage) skos:Concept domestic cats skos:narrower iso-thes:subordinateArray skos:Concept cats iso-thes:subordinateArray skos:member skos:narrower skos:Concept semi-feral cats skos:Concept wild cats skos:Concept laboratory cats skos:Concept pet cats

10 Source: Alibaba.comAlibaba.com Source: AGROVOC fertilizers (by type of plant nutrient) Calcium fertilizers Magnesium fertilizers (by amount needed by plants) Micronutrient fertilizers (by number of plant nutrients) Compound fertilizers Fertilizer combinations (by substance group) Inorganic fertilizers Organic fertilizers Organomineral fertilizers (by aggregate state) Liquid fertilizers Liquid gas fertilizers (by nutrient release time) Slow release fertilizers

11 iso-thes: ThesaurusArray iso-thes:subordinateArray skos:member skos:narrower skos:Concept barbers´ chairs skos:member Art & Architecture Thesaurus chairs (furniture forms).. armchairs ax chairs.. barbers´ chairs bedchairs.. folding chairs reclining chairs iso-thes: ThesaurusArray skos:Concept armchairs skos:Concept folding chairs skos:narrower iso-thes:subordinateArray skos:Concept chairs (furniture forms) Guide Terms in the AAT Thesaurus (1)

12 iso-thes: subordinateArray skos:narrower skos:Concept highchairs (children´s chairs) skos:member Art & Architecture Thesaurus chairs (furniture forms)...... barbers´ chairs.... bedchairs.......... highchairs (children's chairs)........ carriage chairs iso-thes: ThesaurusArray skos:Concept carriage chairs skos:Concept chairs (furniture forms) iso-thes: ThesaurusArray skos:member Guide Terms in the AAT Thesaurus (2)

13 iso-thes: subordinateArray skos:narrower skos:Concept highchairs (children´s chairs) skos:member Art & Architecture Thesaurus chairs (furniture forms)...... barbers´ chairs.... bedchairs.......... highchairs (children's chairs)........ carriage chairs iso-thes: ThesaurusArray skos:Concept carriage chairs skos:Concept chairs (furniture forms) skos:Concept NonIndexingConcept skos:narrower Guide Terms in the AAT Thesaurus (3)

14 skos-ext: NonIndexingConcept skos:narrower Thesaurus Ethics in the Life Sciences iso-thes: ConceptGroup Biology skos:member skos:Concept anatomy skos:narrower iso-thes: subordinateArray skos:member skos:narrower skos:Concept animals iso-thes: ThesaurusArray organisms (node label) skos:Concept biology „Node Labels“ in the Bioethic Thesaurus (1)

15 skos:Concept biology Thesaurus Ethics in the Life Sciences skos:member skos:Concept anatomy skos:narrower iso-thes: ConceptGroup Biology skos:Concept NonIndexingConcept organisms (node label) skos:Concept animals skos:narrower „Node Labels“ in the Bioethic Thesaurus (2)

16 Thesaurus Ethics in the Life Sciences iso-thes: ConceptGroup Biology skos:member „Node Labels“ in the Bioethic Thesaurus (3)

17 Art & Architecture Thesaurus Facet, Hierarchy names and Guide Terms in the AAT Thesaurus Record Type facet hierarchy name guide term concept guide term concept guide term

18 Datierungsthesaurus „Stilepochen“ Node Labels („Stützterme“) in the „Stylistic Eras“ thesaurus Dating Stylistic Eras Byzantine art Early Middle Ages Romanesque art Gothic art

19 „Classification“ of the STW Thesaurus for Economics

20 Standard-Thesaurus Wirtschaft... „Classification“ of the STW Thesaurus for Economics

21 @base. a skos:Concept, zbwext:Thsys ; rdfs:isDefinedBy ; rdfs:label "Securities Markets"@en, "Wertpapiermärkte"@de ; skos:notation "V.05.06.02"^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "V.05.06.02 Securities Markets"@en, "V.05.06.02 Wertpapiermärkte"@de. skos:broader ; [Financial Markets] skos:narrower,, [Bond Market] ; [Stock Market] skos:inScheme. Source: STW Thesaurus for EconomicsSTW Thesaurus for Economics „Classification“ groups of the STW Thesaurus for Economics

22 a iso-thes:ConceptGroup ; rdfs:label "Securities Markets"@en, "Wertpapiermärkte"@de ; skos:notation "V.05.06.02"^^xsd:string ; skos:prefLabel "Securities Markets"@en, "Wertpapiermärkte"@de. iso-thes:subGroup ; skos:member, [alternative iso-thes:groupMember ], … ; skos:inScheme iso-thes:classificationOf. „Classification“ groups of the STW expressed in iso-thes

23 Hierarchies in SKOS http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/NOTE-skos-primer-20090818 skos:broader and skos:narrower are only used to assert a direct (i.e., immediate) hierarchical link between two SKOS concepts. are not declared as transitive properties. Source

24 Transitive Hierarchies in SKOS http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/NOTE-skos-primer-20090818/ skos:broaderTransitive and skos:narrowerTransitive are provided to express both direct and indirect hierarchical links between concepts, for instance to improve search recall through query expansion. are not used to make assertions. are used to infer the transitive closure of the hierarchical links, which can then be used to access direct or indirect hierarchical links between concepts. Source

25 Descriptor display of German Parliament Thesaurus PARTHES

26 Thesaurus für Parlamentsmaterialien PARTHES Systematic display of German Parliament Thesaurus PARTHES

27 Hierarchical display of German Parliament Thesaurus PARTHES Thesaurus für Parlamentsmaterialien PARTHES

28

29 Datierungsthesaurus „Stilepochen“

30 GEMET: Classification Scheme – Supergroups and Groups Groups List EIONET GEMET Thesaurus

31 GEMET: Classification Scheme – Themes Themes list

32 GEMET: Classification Scheme – Supergroups and Groups Groups List EIONET GEMET Thesaurus

33 iso-thes:ConceptGroup SOCIAL ASPECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY MEASURES iso-thes:superGroupOf gemetThesaurus gemetThesaurus iso-thes:subGroup identifier iso-thes:ConceptGroup HEALTH, NUTRITION iso-thes:groupOf gemetThesaurus gemetThesaurus identifier 2894 3875 EIONET Gemet Thesaurus Gemet Groups List Gemet: Supergroups and Groups

34 skos:member iso-thes:ConceptGroup HEALTH, NUTRITION iso-thes:groupOf GemetThesaurus EIONET Gemet Thesaurus skos:Concept mutagen iso-thes:ConceptGroup chemistry iso-thes:themeOf GemetThesaurus iso-thes:ConceptGroup human health iso-thes:themeOf GemetThesaurus iso-thes:ConceptGroup pollution iso-thes:themeOf GemetThesaurus skos:member Gemet: Groups and Themes

35 Bioethics Thesaurus: Multiple Subject Areas

36 Eurovoc-Structure EuroVoc: Fields and micro-thesauri

37 UKAT Thesaurus UKAT: Fields and micro-thesauri

38 ELSST: Top Terms ELSST European Language Social Science Thesaurus

39 skos:Concept gnd:4030550-8 skosxl:altLabel@de iso-thes: SimpleNonPreferredTerm children iso-thes: SimpleNonPreferredTerm Kindheit iso-thes: PreferredTerm Kind skosxl:preflabel@de Example: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4030550-8/about/rdf skosxl:altLabel@de Equivalence multilingual (Deutsche Nationalbibliothek) iso-thes: SimpleNonPreferredTerm childhood iso-thes: SimpleNonPreferredTerm Kinder iso-thes: SimpleNonPreferredTerm children skosxl:altLabel@en

40 skos:broader can have sub-property gnd:broaderTermPartitive Thesaurus Concept (2/3) HierarchicalRelationship + Role (Deutsche National Bibliothek) skos:broader can have sub-property gnd:broaderTermInstantial skos:Concept Sprache skos:Concept Bantoid skos:Concept Safwa-Sprache http://d-nb.info/gnd/7553395-9/about/rdf http://d-nb.info/gnd/7553395-9 skos:Concept Außereuropäische Sprachen skos:Concept Bantusprachen skos:broader can have sub-property gnd:broaderTermPartitive -part of Afrikanische Sprachen http://d-nb.info/gnd/4120108-5http://d-nb.info/gnd/4120108-5 -part-of Benue-Kongo-Sprachen http://d-nb.info/gnd/4250260-3http://d-nb.info/gnd/4250260-3 -part of Niger-Kongo-Sprachen http://d-nb.info/gnd/4120287-9http://d-nb.info/gnd/4120287-9 -part of Nigerkordofanische Sprachen http://d-nb.info/gnd/4042302-5http://d-nb.info/gnd/4042302-5 skos:broader can have sub-property gnd:broaderTermPartitive skos:broaderTransitive ISSUE: skos:broaderTransitive does not capture different semantics of (e.g.) BTP and BTI

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