1. Which of the prison slang words above was used for these terms: prison hulk; prison guard; sent to the gallows; tell the authorities (inform on someone); booty or plunder; judges; transported; six months in prison; treadmill; stealing washing that has been left out to dry Floating academy Screw To be tuck up fair Chirp Swag Beaks Lagged Half stretch Shin scraper Going snowing

2. Which of the prison slang words above was used for these terms: prison hulk; prison guard; sent to the gallows; tell the authorities (inform on someone); booty or plunder; judges; transported; six months in prison; treadmill; stealing washing that has been left out to dry Floating academy Screw To be tuck up fair Chirp Swag Beaks Lagged Half stretch Shin scraper Going snowing Prison hulk Sent to gallows Prison guard Tell authorities Steal linen Booty Judges Six months Tranported Treadmill www.victorianlondon.org

3. Why did prisons change? TBAT compare work of two reformers To assess who made the bigger contribution to prisons  Learning objectives  Key words: Quaker crank oakum picking

4. John HowardElizabeth Fry Work in pairs and take notes on the following aspects of their work before sharing your findings….

5.  Pair work task Their background Their background The role of religion in their work The role of religion in their work Their findings Their findings The impact of travel on their work The impact of travel on their work Their influence on government Their influence on government  What were the challenges they faced?  What were the challenges they faced?

6. John Howard Son of wealthy businessman; mother died when he was young Had a religious experience whilst travelling around Italy As High Sheriff for Bedford he was appalled by conditions in gaols, esp. fact that gaolers weren’t paid a salary and so bribed prisoners Imprisoned in France; travelled around English prisons; travelled around foreign prisons Presented his findings to Parliament, leading to the Gaols Act 1777 – gaolers received a salary

7. Elizabeth Fry Daughter of a wealthy businessman; had to help raise the family when her mother died Belonged to the Quakers – a branch of Christianity which practised a simple, charitable faith Women lived in cramped, squalid conditions; in Newgate 300 women lived in 2 large cells; gambling was common Went on a tour of prisons across Britain to gather evidence Gave evidence to a committee of House of Commons – led to passing of Gaols Act (1823); led to chaplains, better health provision and women warders Fry helped to educate prisoners and provided them with work & skills – famously knitting socks

8. Elizabeth Fry’s portrait is soon to disappear from the five pound note. Do you think it should be saved?

9. This house believes that Elizabeth Fry should be replaced by John Howard on the £5 note!

10.  Success criteria Level 1Level 2Level 3 Only considers one individual Needs to drink more water! Compares two individuals but lacks the formal structure or detail of a level 3 answer Some PEE Introduction – sets out the background to the two individuals Topic paragraph 1– explains the contribution of one plus some possible problems Topic paragraph 2 explains the contribution of another, plus some possible problems Conclusion – sums up the contributions and on balance explains which individual contributed more Lots of PEE!

11. John HowardElizabeth Fry Watch this clip on YouTube and supplement your notes with additional evidence on the contributions of John Howard and Elizabeth Fry on prison reformYouTube

12.  Homework Elizabeth Fry on £5 note – letter to governor; 1 side A4 Elizabeth Fry on £5 note – letter to governor; 1 side A4 Description of conditions before EF Description of conditions before EF What she recommended What she recommended Work of other reformers, e.g. John Howard Work of other reformers, e.g. John Howard Concluding statement as to why her picture should remain Concluding statement as to why her picture should remain  Conduct some research into who has appeared on this note in the past, why changing the image has caused controversy, and who will replace Elizabeth Fry  Conduct some research into who has appeared on this note in the past, why changing the image has caused controversy, and who will replace Elizabeth Fry

13. How did prisons change? TBAT compare work of two reformers To assess different approaches to prisons as punishments  Learning objectives  Key words: Quaker crank oakum picking