1. Reminders/Info
Quiz tomorrow – Metals, nonmetals, metalloids, electron configuration, valence electrons, electron dot structures
Homework due Friday at the beginning for raffle chance
Friday you will be able to do makeup work in class – bring your textbook

3. Can you do this. Explain why atoms are neutral in charge
Can you do this? Explain why atoms are neutral in charge. HINT: think about the charges and numbers of the subatomic particles 3

4. Atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons
Protons and electrons have opposite charges
Equal and opposite charges cancel out

5. Ion Formation
Cornell Notes

6. What is an ion?
A single atom or groups of atoms with either a positive or negative charge. Cation: positively charged ion Anion: negatively charged ion

7. How do Ions form?
Ions form when atoms lose or gain valence electrons. Lose electrons = Make a CATION Gain electrons = Make an ANION Na
Na+

8. - Na + Cl  Na+ + Cl Octet Rule
Atoms lose, gain or share electrons in order to acquire the stable electron configuration of a noble gas.
Lose all valence electrons, or gain electrons until it has 8 - Na + Cl 
Na+ + Cl
Cation,
Like Ne
Anion,
Like Ar

9. Trends in Ion Formation
Groups 1 to 4 give their valence electrons away 1 2 13 14 Li 
Li+ Mg
Mg2+  B 
B3+

10. Trends in Ion Formation
Groups 5 to 7 take electrons 3- P  P 5 6 7 2- O  O - F  F

11. Trends in Ion Formation
Group 8 doesn’t form ions (noble gases) They already have the lucky 8 electrons! 8

12. Example 1 Ca2+ What would be the ion for Calcium (Ca)? Group 2
# valence electrons 2
Gain/Lose electrons
Lose
Charge 2+
Ion
Ca2+

13. Example 2 B3+ What would be the ion for Boron (B)? Group 3
Gain/Lose electrons
Lose
Charge 3+
Ion
B3+

14. Example 3 P3- What would be the ion for Phosphorus (P)? Group 5
Gain/Lose electrons
Gain
Charge 3-
Ion
P3-

15. Worksheet For each element, identify: You may work in groups
The group
Whether the element gains or loses electrons
The charge of the ion
The written form of the ion
You may work in groups
2 bonus points if you get all the answers correct
Hand in your work at the end of class