1. NEMO Modelling NSERC – CCAR Projects VITALS Geotraces
Photo courtesy Department of Fisheries and Oceans
Paul G. Myers, Xianmin Hu, Amber M. Holdsworth, Clark Pennelly, Laura Castro de la Guardia, Laura Gillard, Jingfan Sun, Margaret Campbell, Peggy Courtois, Nathan Grivault, Yarisbel Garcia
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
University of Alberta

2. Model Configuration ANHA: Arctic and Northern Hemisphere Atlantic
Model : NEMO 3.4
LIM2 + EVP
Mesh : x 2400
50 levels
Resolution : 1/12 degree
LS : ~ 5 km
CAA : ~ 4 km km
ANHA: Arctic and Northern Hemisphere Atlantic

3. Experiment Setup Initialization: 3D T, S, U and V (GLORYS1v1, Jan02)
Sea Ice
Atmospheric forcing (CGRF, hourly):
T2, Q2, U10, V10
Precipitation
Radiation (SW & LW)
Snow: CORE2 (IA)
Runoff: Dai and Trenberth climatology
OBC:
U, V, T and S (GLORYS1v1)
NO temperature & salinity restoring
Jan 2002 – > 2010
CGRF: CMC GDPS reforecasts
CMC: Canadian Meteorological Centre
GDPS: Global Deterministic Prediction System
GLORYS: GLobal Ocean ReanalYses and Simulations

4. Labrador Sea in ANHA12 Sea Ice Concentration Sea Ice Thickness
Mixed Layer Depth
Velocity magnitude averaged over top 55 m
Also: animations ( ) at

5. CAA in ANHA12 Sea Ice Concentration Sea Ice Thickness
Also: animations ( ) at

6. West Lancaster Sound Fluxes

7. GLORYS 2v3 vs GLORYS1v1 (volume flux through Bering Strait and Lancaster Sound)

8. NEMO Updates
Compute snow fall from total precipitation based on 2-m air temperature
Fixed a discontinuity “line” in wind stress field
Update runoff with a new interpolation approach
CICE with NEMO3.4 (workable but not tested for long simulation)

9. NEMO Updates
compute snow fall from total precipitation based on 2-m air temperature
fixed a discontinuity “line” in wind stress field
update runoff with a new interpolation approach
CICE with NEMO3.4 (workable but not tested for long simulation)

10. RUNOFF Update Dai and Trenberth 1o x 1o gridded data
Distribute gridded runoff
into “coast-buffer-zones”
volume
conserved
salinity changes in top 50m
MLD
changes

11. Planned RUNs solid line: finished runs
dash/dotted: planned simulation/re-run with updated data
orange text: finished or expected finish time
time schedule for simulation with CGRF after 2010 is still not known

12. Sea Ice Model Comparison

13. Select Ice Thickness Validation

14. Accumulated Winter Thermodynamic & Dynamic Ice Thickness Change
unit: m

15. AGRIF: Adaptive Grid Refinement In Fortran1
High resolution nest: better resolving skill
Simulation runs alongside parent
AGRIF forced by separate set of data
AGRIF boundaries supplied by parent
Computational expense: 2-4 X
Control
Grid Box
1/4°
1/12°
AGRIF Grid Boxes
AGRIF
Transformation
(1:3 Horiz. ratio)
1/4°
1/12° A
0.25
ANHA4: ¼° resolution (parent)
X:724
AGRIF
0.20
1/12°
X:240
Ice velocity [m/s]
0.15
0.10
Y:290
0.05
Y:874
0.00 B
X:814 5
AGRIF
1/12° 4
Y:180
Ice Thickness [m] 3
Y:544 2
X:270 1
1Debreu, Laurent, Christophe Vouland, and Eric Blayo. "AGRIF: Adaptive grid refinement in Fortran." Computers & Geosciences 34.1 (2008): 8-13. 15

16. 4/15/2017

17. Effect of enhanced melt from Greenland Ice sheet?
Warming of our climate is melting Greenland glaciers
Greenland ice sheet mass loss trend
(237km3/yr)
Deep convection in the Labrador Sea
Sea level rise
Increase freshwater input in Baffin Bay
Two important implications of the melting of Greenland ice sheet on which there is continuous research are the impact of Greenland ice-sheet melt on sea level rise, and this is because of the possibly displacement of many costal cities, and its impact on deep convection and thus the global ocean circulation.
So far Greenland glaciers melt is attributed with only 1/4th of the recent total sea level raise. (REF)
The effect of Deep water formation in the Labrador Sea and the global circulation still need to be investigated. Some say it will slow down the circulation and others that if eddies are taken into account it will not affect the circulation (REF).
But an aspect that has not been addressed is the impact of melting Greenland Ice sheet on Baffin Bay, ecosystem and circulation. Siting right next to the northwest Greenland (one of the margins with the accelerated runoff) Baffin Bay will directly receive a large portion of the runoff. We are concern with what happen on Bafffin Bay not only because the signal can be transmitted to the Labrador Sea, but also because Baffin Bay is healthy ecosystem that serves as a sanctuary for Bowhead whales that were hunted to almost extension in the last century, it is Beluga feeding ground, it is Turbot fish nursery, and in winter, the northwater polynya in the north of Baffin Bay is an oasis for many animals and like elder duck, and an important hunting ground to inuit.
Therefore, To address the impact of increase freshwater input in Baffin Bay on the hydrography, circulation and exchanges, we design set of 9 experiments with different amounts of runoff added with an idealized seasonal cycle. The first experiment is actually the control ran with Core perpetual year, and from 2 to 9 the experiments have increasing amounts of runoff from 158 to 1580 kilometer cubic per year, these amounts were chosen to engulf the estimated observed mass loss.
Experiments 1 to 9:
Exp. 1 Control run
Exp enhance melt from west Greenland, between km3/yr
Hydrography? Circulation?
Exchanges?
Feedbacks?

18. Freshwater Pathways into the North Atlantic from the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and the Greenland Ice Sheet
Fury and Hecla Strait
ANHA 1/12⁰ Configuration
Understand pathways of freshwater into the North Atlantic Ocean
Fluxes through Fury and Hecla Strait
Relative role compared to other gateways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
Pathways for the freshwater discharged from major tidewater glaciers around Greenland
Function of time and glacier location
Pathways of Irminger Water to coastal Greenland
Holloway and Proshutinsky 2007
All questions will be examined by using output from a suite of ocean general circulation models (NEMO) at 1/4 ⁰ and 1/12⁰, as well as Lagrangian particle tracking tool for trajectory analysis
Laura C. Gillard and Paul G. Myers
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
University of Alberta
Probabilities from forward trajectories, run at 1/4 ⁰ resolution, initiated at Helheim Glacier