1. Age of Exploration

2.  1. What motivated explorers?  2. What obstacle's did they face?  3. What is the Columbian exchange?  4. What was the impact on Europe?

3.  The 3 G’s are:  Gold-economic factors  God-religion  Glory-competition

4.  Poor maps  Disease  Starvation  Fear of the unknown  Lack of adequate supplies

5.  The great exchange between the Western and the Eastern Hemisphere. It changed both economy and culture of worlds.  It was the transfer of people, products, and ideas between the hemispheres after 1492.  Many changes were positive-On Columbus’s second voyage in 1493 he brought to the new world- horses, dogs, pigs, cattle, chickens, sheep, and goats. When the explorers brought the new animals across the ocean it introduced a whole new means of transportation, a new labor form, and a new food source.  Also introduced Oats, wheat,  Negative effects were germs to which Native Americans had no immunity, smallpox, chickenpox, measles, influenza and malaria that killed Native Americans by the thousands

6.  Columbus introduced sugarcane in his second voyage to the Americas.  The production flourished in the New World under the plantation system. It had difficulty growing in the Old World.  Plantations developed in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and Jamaica. Eventually, the southeastern colonies of North America began planting sugarcane as well.  Produced at a large scale. Used in coffee, tea, chocolate, and rum, people became addicted to sugar.  making it one of the largest cash crops in history.

7.  Americans introduced the following to the Old world:  Llamas, turkeys, squirrels, muskrats to the rest of the world.  Corn, Potato, Sweet Potato, Tomato, Chilis, Peanuts  Potatoes and maize (corn) gave poorer populations inexpensive, easy-to-grow crops, which contributed to massive population growth in places like Ireland, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia.  Chocolate,Vanilla,Manioc,Pineapples,Strawberries, Avocados ** All of these foods turn up in African stews, Indian curries, Italian soups, and Thai sauces.

8.  Written alphabet-taught so Native Americans could read and write European language and to spread Christianity  Farming-introduced the plow to the new world which changed the landscape of farming  Architecture-the wheel was introduced  European Architectural ingenuity helped to build new homes, ranches, farms, ports and ships in the new world  weapons

9. From Europe to the Americas BananasBarleyCabbagesCarnations ChickensCoffeeCowsCrabgrass DaffodilsDaisiesDandelionsHorses LemonsLettuceLilacsOlives OrangesPeachesPearsPigs RiceSheepSugarcaneTulips TurnipsWheat

10. From the Americas to Europe Avocados Beans (kidney, navy, lima) Bell peppers Black-eyed Susans Cacao (for chocolate) Chili peppersCornCotton MarigoldsPapayasPeanutsPetunias PineapplesPoinsettiasPotatoesPumpkins QuinineRubberSquashesSunflowers Sweet potatoesTobaccoTomatoesTurkeys Vanilla beansZinnias

11.  How did the search for a water route to Asia affect both Europe and the America’s?  It bought Europeans to the America’s and led to the Colombian exchange.