1. Acupuncture Treatment of Diseases Urology 1: Urinary Retention 癃闭

2. Definition: 1.A disorder which manifest as difficulty in urination, painful distention in the lower abdomen and even a blockage of urine. 2.A mild episode refers to difficulty in urination and dripping of urine while a severe one may include failure to urinate with distension and feelings of urgency. 3.It is usually seen in functional disorders of the bladder and urethra and in diseases of the prostate gland.,

3. Causes and Pathogenesis : Mainly caused by: 1.Accumulation of damp-heat in the bladder. 2.Dysfunction of the lung in distributing body fluids due to excessive heat in the lung. 3.Traumatic injury or surgery of the lower abdomen. 4.Deficiency of spleen qi leading to weak function of the bladder. 5.Stagnation of liver qi leading to a hypo-function of the bladder. 6.Weakness of the kidney yang leading to a failure of the fire of the life gate to warm the bladder.

4. Clinical Manifestations: Excess pattern: Chief symptoms: i.ARU with severe pain in the lower abdomen. Deficiency pattern: Chief symptoms: i.Dribbling of urine and weak urination with a chronic onset.

5. Clinical Manifestations: Excess pattern 1.Accumulation of damp-heat type Stated manifestations with: i.Scanty hot urine, dripping urine or retention of urine accompanied by fullness and distension of the lower abdomen. ii.Thirst without desire to drink. iii.Red tongue. iv.Yellow greasy tongue coating. v.Deep, rapid pulse.

6. Clinical Manifestations: 2.Excessive heat in the lung type Stated manifestations with: i.Shortness of breath. ii.Dry throat. iii.Cough. iv.Red tongue. v.Yellow tongue coating. vi.Rapid pulse.

7. Clinical Manifestations: 3.Stagnation of liver qi type Stated manifestations with: i.Dysuria with severe distension of the lower abdomen. ii.Bitter taste in the mouth. iii.Restlessness. iv.Hypochondriac distension. v.Red tongue. vi.Yellow tongue coating. vii.Wiry pulse.

8. Clinical Manifestations: 4.Traumatic injury type Stated manifestations with: i.History of trauma, injury or surgery. ii.Fullness and pain in the lower abdomen. iii.Purple tongue. iv.Thin tongue coating. v.Rough pulse.

9. Clinical Manifestations: Deficiency pattern 5.Deficiency of spleen qi type Stated manifestations with: i.Shortness of breath. ii.Poor appetite. iii.Loose stools. iv.Pale tongue. v.Thin white tongue coating. vi.Thready, weak pulse.

10. Clinical Manifestations: Deficiency pattern 6.Deficiency of kidney yang type Stated manifestations with: i.Pale complexion. ii.Soreness and weakness of the loins and knees. iii.Aversion to cold. iv.Fatigue. v.Pale tongue. vi.Thin white tongue coating. vii.Thready, weak pulse.

11. Treatment : General principle - Excess pattern Restore function of bladder. Clearing damp-heat. Harmonize qi and blood. Remove blood stasis. Principle Channels: 1.Bladder channel. 2.Spleen channel. 3.Conception Vessel.

12. Principle acupoints and explanation : 1.BL 54 Zhibian 秩边： restores function of the bladder. 2.BL 28 Pangguangshu 膀胱俞 : Improves function of the bladder 3.SP 9 Yinlingquan 阴陵泉， SP 6 Sanyinjiao 三阴 交 : Clear heat and damp and harmonize qi and blood. 4.CV 3 Zhongji 中极： Front-Mu acupoint of the bladder.

13. Principle of treatment ： Excess pattern 1. Accumulation of damp-heat type Restore function of bladder. Clearing damp-heat. Harmonize qi and blood. Principle acupoints: as stated Supplementary acupoints: i.BL 39 Weiyang 委阳.

14. Principle of treatment 2.Excessive heat in the lung type Restore function of bladder. Clearing heat. Harmonize qi and blood. Principle acupoints: as stated Supplementary acupoints: i.LU 5 Chize 尺泽.

15. Principle of treatment 3.Stagnation of liver qi type Restore function of bladder. Clearing heat. Harmonize qi and blood. Principle acupoints: as stated Supplementary acupoints: i.LR 3 Taichong 太冲.

16. Principle of treatment 4.Traumatic injury type Restore function of bladder. Clearing heat. Harmonize qi and blood. Remove blood stasis. Principle acupoints: as stated Supplementary acupoints: i.SP 10 Xuehai 血海.

17. Treatment : General principle - Deficiency pattern Restore function of bladder. Warm and tonify lower energizer. Reinforce spleen and kidney. Principle Channels: 1.Bladder channel. 2.Conception Vessel.

18. Principle acupoints and explanation : 1.BL 54 Zhibian 秩边： restores function of the bladder. 2.CV 4 Guanyuan 关元 : Warm and tonify the lower energizer. 3.BL 20 Pishu 脾俞， BL 23 Shenshu 肾俞： Reinforce spleen and kidney.

19. Principle of treatment ： Deficiency pattern 5.Deficiency of spleen qi type Restore function of bladder. Warm and tonify lower energizer. Principle acupoints: as stated Supplementary acupoints: i.ST 36 Zusanli 足三里.

20. Principle of treatment ： Deficiency pattern 6.Deficiency of kidney yang type Restore function of bladder. Reinforce kidney yang. Principle acupoints: as stated Supplementary acupoints: i.KI 3 Taixi 太溪.

21. TCM medical advises: 1.Avoid cold and raw food and spicy food. 2.Avoid invasion by pathogenic cold and damp. 3.Must exclude mechanical obstruction and nerve injuries..