1. SkiFAST Conceptual Design Review

2. Agenda Introduction Specifications Conceptual Design of a Ski Bed and Force Input – Functional Modeling – Design Solutions – Morphological Charts Full Machine Designs Evaluation Discussion

3. Specifications Initial problem description: “Ski injury research has not determined a correlation between ski edge pressures and human joint forces. SkiFAST will create a manufacturable, research-grade force analysis device to examine this relationship under varying conditions.”

4. Project learning – Research – Experiments – Intuition Results in a project specifications document – A “living document”

5. Functional Modeling A modern technique for increasing innovation Break down larger functions into sub- functions that are easier to handle – Ski bed – Force input – “Leg” Simplifies the design of complex solutions

7. Ski Forces Function Diagram

8. Design Solutions List physical solutions to each function Receive Forces Electrical pressure sensors Hydraulic line pressure Air pressure Spring constant/displacement

9. Ski Bed Morphological Chart Resist MovementAllow FlexSense ForcesAllow Angle Variation ClampsFlexible PlaneHydraulic Line Pressure Tiltable Plane JawsPiston/RollerElectrical Pressure Transducer Tiltable Input U-BoltsRods/TravelersSpring (deflection)Simulated Angle GravityLeaf SpringSpring (pressure)Tiltable Ski

10. Ski Bed Solution 1 – Pneumatic Rods or Tracks Travelers (rods or tracks) w/pneumatic or mechanical springs Tilting table for angle variation

11. Ski Bed Solution 2 – Vertical Springs Individual rod banks for each edge Ski is set in place but not restricted

12. Boot Forces Function Diagram

13. Transmit ForceCreate ForceRemovableMeasure Forces Robotic ArmHydraulicRetractHydraulic Line Pressure Twin 4-bar LinkagePneumaticPinsPneumatic Line Pressure “Baby Giraffe”Screw ActuatorSwing AwayElectronic Load Cells “Cherry Picker”Manual Lever ArmPiezo electric Component Actuators Rotational MotorElectronic Resistance Input Force Morphological Chart ???

14. Input Force Solution 1 – 3 Axis “Cherry Picker” 3-Axis movement similar to a CNC mill XZ Y Pin connections allow removal

15. Input Force Solution 2 – Component Actuators Force input via 3 separate linear actuators Computer control will compensate for static application points In-boot sensors will detect resolved point loads

16. FULL MACHINE DESIGN An integration of ski bed and force input solutions

17. Machine Design Solution 1 – Dual Piston, Component Actuators

18. Machine Design Solution 1 – Dual Piston, Component Actuators Pros Simple Measures forces at both ski edges Cons Difficult to remove for human use Smaller angular degree of freedom Least “realistic”

19. Machine Design Solution 2 – Track Table, Component Actuators

20. Machine Design Solution 2 – Track Table, Component Actuators Pros High angular degree of freedom Allows full flex of the ski Cons Difficult to remove for human use Measures one ski edge

21. Machine Design Solution 3 – Pneumatic Rods, “Cherry Picker”

22. Machine Design Solution 3 – Pneumatic Rods, “Cherry Picker” Pros High angular degree of freedom Allows free flex of the ski Most “realistic” force input Easy to use Cons Most expensive Measures one ski edge

23. Summary 1 2 3 ProsCons Simple Measures force at both ski edges Difficult to remove for human use Limited DOF Least “realistic” Least expensive High DOF Allows full ski flex Difficult to remove for human use Measures force at one ski edge High DOF Allows full ski flex Most “realistic” force input Easy to use Most expensive Measures force at one ski edge

24. Timeline NovDecJanFebMarAprMay Detailed Design 12 Weeks Fabrication 12 Weeks Validation 8 Weeks12 Weeks Rework/ Tweaking 12 Weeks

25. Scoping 2 degrees of freedom Build in modularity Build individual components Use temporary fixtures Farm out to future teams

26. Thank You Dr. Seegmiller, for your support!

27. Questions? Discussion