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Published byDaisy Foster Modified over 9 years ago
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GHG Emissions from Shipping EPRG meeting 23rd April 2007 Brussels Dr. Marianne Klingbeil Head of Unit DG ENV C3 – Air and Transport European Commission European Commission
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Background Ship emissions of CO 2 are 2-3% of world total CO 2 emissions and are increasing in line with international trade (3-4% per year) GHG emissions from ships = 97% CO 2 (1.5% N 2 O, 1% refrigerant gasses and 0.5% CH 4 ) 40% of the global fleet is controlled by EU interests, 90% of EU international trade is by sea. Up to 50% savings are possible – with technical and operational improvements Studies indicate savings are very cost effective
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Action required EU target for reducing CO 2 emissions (“at least 20%”) European Council Conclusions – March 2007 call for action on international maritime emissions. International maritime transport not included in Kyoto targets – but Annex 1 parties are obliged to ‘pursue’ reductions. Industry needs certainty – long term investments, ships last 30 years – need for stable framework Positive environmental image of shipping under threat – must be maintained
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Slow progress IMO first took up the issue in 1997 but progress is slow (political opposition). Post 2012 negotiations now getting under way
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Policy options - Ineffective options 1) Voluntary measures 2) Allocation of international Maritime emissions to MS 3) Reporting obligation Action on refrigerant gasses – necessary but not sufficient
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EU Policy option 1 – Shipping ETS Include Shipping in EU ETS – – similar to aviation BUT different Issues – – Changing – destinations, owners, operators.. – – Avoidance – – Scale – – Data – – Diversity
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EU Policy option 2 – Harbour dues Variable harbour dues based on GHG emissions Issues – – Does not guarantee reductions – – Limit values difficult to agree – – Route related circumstances – – Port competition – – Complex
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EU Policy option 3 – CO Index Limits EU Policy option 3 – CO ² Index Limits Binding CO ² index limits for ships visiting EU ports Issues – – Limit values difficult to agree – – Diversity of vessels – – Variation in operating environments and buisness models – – ‘Occasional visitor’ problem
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Questions: How could the IMO work be accelerated? Do you support unilateral EU action? Which policy strategy is favoured?
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What next? Review recent CE Delft study Promote discussion in national capitals IMO MEPC meeting in July 2007 Consider national positions for ‘post’ 2012 negotiations Keep us informed
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Thank you for your attention Dr. Marianne Klingbeil Head of Unit – Air and Transport DG Environment European Commission BU-9 6/204 Tel: +32 2 296 0493 marianne.klingbeil@ec.europa.eu
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