1. foil 1 traffiQ – Local Public Transport Authority of Frankfurt am Main Dr. Hans-Jörg von Berlepsch ( CEO traffiQ, Frankfurt am Main) Workshop BAQ (Better Air Quality) Yogyakarta, Indonesia 13th-15th december 2006 Transport Association and Tariff Integration The European Experience Sub-plenary Session 1 Stream 2 Sustainable Urban Public Transport in Asia

2. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 2 Structure of presentation  Character of Frankfurt and Rhein-Main-Region  Transport systems  traffiQ - Public Transport Authority  Transport association and tariff integration  Environmental Innovation through competition – EEV-Busses traffiQ – Local Transport Organisation of Frankfurt am Main

3. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 3 Region Frankfurt-RheinMain … in the midst of Europe Region Frankfurt-RheinMain ► 5 million inhabitants ► 2,5 million employees ► 185 billion $ gross product ► 630 million passengers in public transport (per year)

4. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 4 Traffic problems in high density areas ► Congestions ► Air pollution ► Noise pollution ► Land use Increase in the number of vehicles and their use Commuters to Frankfurt (excl. officials, self-employed, school-children and students) amount: 2/3 of the inhabitants

5. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 5 Traffic problems in Frankfurt / RheinMain Main causers of air pollution: Traffic Particle emissions (PM 10 ) Frankfurt Höhenstraße Solution: Avoid traffic and change to public transport Means of landuse in urban traffic (per person excl. parking areas) Vehicles: 100 m 2 Trams: 4 m 2 In comparison: Buses: 20 m 2 Urban railway: 3 m 2 Bicycles: 10 m 2

6. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 6 Transport modes in Frankfurt and the Rhein-Main-Region  Local and regional mobility

7. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 7 Local public transport in Frankfurt and the Rhein-Main-Region Regional Transport (commuter train) ► Connection Frankfurt with its surrounding areas ► Central tunnel under the city ► Electrical trains ► Longer stopping distances ► High travel speed ► 9 lines ► 48.000 km per day ► 482.000 passengers everyday ► 15 to 30 minute frequency

8. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 8 Local transport in Frankfurt and the Rhein-Main-Region >> Underground/metro ► fast inner-city light rail ► High traveling speed ► Central tunnel under the city ► 7 lines ► 19.000 km per day ► 410.000 passengers everyday ► 5 to 15 minute frequency

9. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 9 Local transport in Frankfurt and the Rhein-Main-Region >> Trams ► Inner-city fine distribution ► Tracks above ground ► Short distances between tram- stops ► 8 Lines ► 19.000 km per day ► 169.000 passengers everyday ► A 7 to 15 minute tact

10. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 10 Local transport in Frankfurt and the Rhein-Main-Region Bus ► Shuttle transport ► Short distances between stops ► Fine-development of residential estates ► 44 lines and +9 night buses ► 41.000 km daily ► 165.000 passengers everyday ► 5 to 30 minute tact Dense local passenger transport network in the central city area ► Transport systems - bus, trams, underground and suburban railway

11. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 11 Division Tender Planning Sector Traffic Management Division Service Ordering and Quality Management Division Administration Sector Finance Administration Sector Marketing and Mobility Research Administrative Department Division Information Management Division Financial Management Division Marketing and Customer Service Division Market and Traffic Research CEO Dr. Hans-Jörg von Berlepsch Municipal Matters Corporate Communication Legal Services Local PTA (traffiQ) - Organisation chart Project Office

12. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 12 TRAFFIC- MANAGEMENT FINANCE + ADMINISTRATION MARKETING + MARKET RESEARCH Service planning Network planning e. g.  PT general planning  Time table  Coordination with municipality  Definition of requirements of infrastructure Finance Central services Administration e. g.  Budgeting  Personnel Marketing Customer relationship Traveler information e. g.  Strategy development  Mobility counseling  Clients‘ requests Competitive tendering Quality management e. g.  Quality standards  Tendering  Contracting  Service charges  Contract execution  Controlling Financial management e. g.  Billing with operators  Financing of public transport  Administration and allocation of resources Market research Transport research e. g.  Passenger counts  Passenger surveys  Service quality  Customer satisfaction Local PTA (traffiQ) - tasks & responsibilities

13. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 13 Germany before 1970 ► every transport company had its own tariff for local public transport ► no transparency in tariffs and no integrated coordination of schedules ► tickets of different transport companies were not accepted by the others ► no coordinated transport planning and marketing History of transport associations and tariff integration in Germany Development since 1970 Phase 1: tariff associations (public transport companies accepting each others tickets leading to associated tariffs) Phase 2: transport associations (coordination and increase of transport planning and marketing, coordinated timetables for public transport) Phase 3: tariff and transport associations (contracts on tariffs, distribution of fare income and shared timetables) Today: tariff and transport associations nearly all over Germany >> one tariff – one ticket

14. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 14 federation of pt* companies operating in the area of association pt * companies association mixed association (pt* companies + cities/counties) cities/counties association tariff and transport association Organisation of German tariff and transport associations increasing complexity: several companies, tariffs, cities, counties, states etc. to integrate federation of pt* companies operating in the area of association together with the political administration of cities/ counties in this region federation of federal states (e.g. Bavaria) cities (e.g. Frankfurt) and counties operating together * pt means public transport

15. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 15 Regional PTA* (RMV) - Structure Members in the RMV 27 partners constitute the RMV-Supervisory Board, thereof - 15 rural districts - 4 large cities (e.g. Frankfurt) - 7 medium-sized towns - The province of Hesse - 368 Global authorities - 153 Transport companies * PTA = Public Transport Authority

16. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 16 local PTO* traffiQ non profit organisation formally privatized but 100 % owned by CoF City of Frankfurt (CoF) / municipality TENDERING and CONTRACTS (competition) privat operators public operator (VGF) [owned by CoF] operational level political level excecutive level regional PTO* (RMV) 3-level-organisation of local and regional public transport other cities regional operators German Rail (DB) * PTO = Public Transport Organisation  Organisation in Frankfurt / RheinMain

17. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 17 Specific features of a German transport association Neue Chancen der Tarifpolitik A legally independent association company Transport Association Own personnel and own equipment Rhein-Main-Transport Association (RMV) - Integration of approximately 110 tariff rates - approx- 150 transport companies - Region, Districts and large towns as partners Integration of regional and local transport systems Integration of bus + rail Responsible for tariffs, RSA*, planning, etc. *RSA = revenue sharing agreement

18. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 18 A common tariff rate HarmonizationAggregation Tariff integration means: >New Opportunities - Tariff leeways but also synergies - Marketing/market appearances - Information - Transport planning - … Harmonization of different tariffs could lead to deficits for some parties (depending on the levels of the old tariff compared to the level of the new tariff) Aggregation of fare income that was separated into single tariffs/companies - in former times - leads to defects for some parties (one tariff – one ticket) Example: 1995 - Tariff Integration RMV (Region Frankfurt / RheinMain) ► about 110 single tariffs ► about 150 public transport companies ► 26 cities and counties

19. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 19 Scope for tariff and ticket design Neue Chancen der Tarifpolitik example combination ticket „voucher = ticket“ for public transport (combined with e.g. football World Cup 2006, concerts, events etc.) example job ticket tickets for the whole staff of a company example student ticket tickets for all the students of a university (student identity card is your ticket) Advantages ► low costs for distribution ► more reliability of fare income (because tickets sold as a package) ► political objectives in transportation are easier to achieve ► increase of the usage of public transport in relation to other means of transportation (regarding “Modal Split”) example season ticket tickets for a period of time (day, week, month or year) (consistent strategy) Tariff and transport association opportunities … 4 % *22 % *5 % * * share of sales, aprrox. 3/4 are generated by time cards and special agreements

20. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 20 Ticket types cash ticketsseason tickets Usual ticket types in German tariff and transport associations ► single ticket ► short distance ticket (up to 2 km) and others … ► dayly ticket ► weekly ticket ► monthly ticket ► annual ticket * share of sales, aprrox. 3/4 are generated by time cards and special agreements 23 % * 5 % * 2 % * 24 % * 14 % *

21. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 21 Integrated tariff systems (Examples) Area zone in the polycentric areaRing zones in the monocentric area tariff 3 tariff 4 tariff 5 tariff 6 tariff 7 tariff 17 Example: journey from city of Frankfurt (zone 50) to Wiesbaden (zone 65, yellow) = „tariff 5“

22. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 22 Tariff rate as a regulating instrument Objectives (as examples)Corresponding tariff measures Acquiring occupational travellers for local passenger transport system Job tickets and favorable time cards Acquiring schoolchildren/students at an early stage as “future” user potentials Semester tickets, special offers for schoolchildren, annual cards for schoolchildren Equalization of passengers demand (in vehicles) in the course of the day Offers limited to certain hours, more expensive during main transportation hours or special offers in non-main transportation hours Maximizing tariff revenuesSimultaneously prepare, implement and analyze tariffs adjustments and simultaneously product range changes and uniformly prepare, implement and analyze the aforesaid correspondingly. Encouraging trade fair visitors, football fans, etc. to use the local passenger transport system (alleviation of parking situation on the spot) Combi-ticket agreements with the organizers of trade fairs and events, etc..

23. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 23 What we do to make our tariffs understandable for all customers www.rmv.de Information ► timetable ► tariff ► fares ► distribution ► services ► etc. „best routing“ online Type in your request here for connections between any starting point to any destination. Current web services in 6 languages ► timetable board

24. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 24 Advantages of an integrated association Advantages for the customers ► free choice of transportation system (e.g. bus, tram, regional rail) ► comprehensible strategy „one tariff - one ticket“ ► coordinated timetables (best connections) ► improvement of quality Advantages for the association ► synergy effects for marketing, customer information etc. ► unification of distribution (e.g. ticketing) ► simple tariff system for all public transport systems ► consistent market presence ► higher demand on public transport Experience of German associations for nearly 40 years (since 1967 ) ► increasing demand and increasing fare income

25. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 25 Financing of the public transport service in the association basic data RMV 1 fare income about € 550 mio. total costs about € 1.150 mio. subsidies for the association about € 630 mio. fare income per trip 86 ct. potential customers about 5 million * subsidies by country, state, counties and cities 1 data of tariff and transport association RMV, based on 2004 *

26. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 26 0,40 0,60 1,00 1,20 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003  Expenses in 7 years = + 18,3 %  Earnings in 7 years = + 43,9 % Liquidity ratio 44,1% 46,5% 47,6% 48,5% 50,0% 51,8% 52,3% 52,6% 0,93 1,01 1,03 1,08 1,09 1,06 1,10 0,41 0,47 0,49 0,50 0,53 0,56 0,57 0,59  Tariff increases in 7 years = 18.5 % Earnings and expenses Earnings and expenses in billion Euros (development of the RMV) Financial effects positive: - Cost coverage ratio has been continually increased - Earnings have been increased by 43.9% in 7 years >> lower subsidy amounts

27. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 27 Innovation through competition - use of EEV buses (1/2) Demanding EEV Standard in Tender Package A  Initial situation: Emission limiting values for air pollutants covered by the 22nd Federal Emission Protection Regulation (22. BImSchV) must be complied with for particles from 2005 and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) from 2010.  Communities are obliged to issue air pollution control plans and action plans.  Action required in the Transport sector: Avoidance of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides (ozone precursor substances), noise, fine dust Lot A: Pilot Tender with High Environmental Standards  Minimum standard for exhaust fumes EURO IV + carbon particulate filter being narrowed to EURO V + carbon particulate filter by December 2009  Optional exhaust fumes standard: EEV Standard Federal Government subsidies EEV Vehicles and promotes the successful bidder  Federal government supports vehicles with high EEV standards with up to € 1.4 Mio (€ 25,000 per standard or midi bus, € 12,000 per mini bus) through the KfW bank (“Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau”)  EEV tendering parties receive an additional bonus on the evaluation of their bid  With this tender Lot A fulfils the potentials of European legal standards  Promotion also comprises the procurement of the necessary reserve vehicles (up to 57 vehicles will be promoted)  Grants will only be given if EEV standard is offered for all vehicles in each category (not isolated for individual vehicles) – irrespective of whether they are driven by natural gas or diesel

28. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 28 Results and experiences from Frankfurt am Main  All four tenders in lot A were offers with EEV standard  The price of the best offer is significantly below the benchmark  Promotion by the KfW reduces the total price by 5 cents per operational km. Even without this assistance, a good price would still have been achieved  It was again proven that quality can be controlled and significantly improved through competition in the bidding process  Local public transport makes its contribution towards air purity and noise reduction  The automotive industry has responded to the demand for high-quality vehicles  The Package A pilot tender has intensified the system competition of the vehicle manufacturers (natural gas vs. diesel) and constitutes at the same time a contribution towards strengthening the affected companies in European competition Innovation through competition - use of EEV buses (2/2)

29. Transport Associations and Tariff Integration – The European Experiencefoil 29 Thank you for attention! traffiQ – Local Transport Organisation of Frankfurt am Main Dr. Hans-Jörg von Berlepsch ( CEO traffiQ, Frankfurt am Main)