1. City of Olympia | Capital of Washington State

2. www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/eap/mar_wat/eops

5. Scale of Logarithmic Intensity pH Value H+ Concentration Relative to Pure Water 010 000 000 11 000 000 2100 000 310 000 41 000 5100 610 71 Scale with examples

6. Image from www.heartlandoutdoors.com Soil bacteria starts dropping at pH 6 and plummets at pH 5.5

7. Highest nutrient availability within the range of 5.5 to 6.5 Not Okay n-=84 Okay n=88 Best n=16

8. Cation Name & Symbol Actual Amount % Preferred Amount % Hydrogen –H+66.50-5 (below 10% is okay) Potassium –K+1.84.1-7 (5 – 7% is okay) Magnesium – Mg++3.715-20 Calcium – Ca++27.965-75 Sodium – Na+0.20-5 99.92 Ca to Mg ratio 7 to 1 Cation Exchange Capacity is the ability of the negatively charged soil particles to hold onto the positively charged elements, called cations. Base Saturation is the amount of K+, Ca++, and Mg++ attached to the soil particles in your yard. (Hydrogen and Aluminum are acid cations.)

9. pH 5.6 http://www.spectrumanalytic.com/support/li brary/ff/CEC_BpH_and_percent_sat.htm

12. Nitrate is the form of nitrogen available for plants to use to grow. Nitrate is made available from other forms of nitrogen by microbial activity (keep pH above 5.5, warmer temperatures increase activity) Nitrogen is stored in organic matter in soil (OM will vary in soils naturally; apply lawn care practices that encourage organic matter of at least 5%) Nitrogen is stored in thatch Clover fixes nitrogen gas and makes it available for other plants, such as grass to use Grass clipping kept on the lawn are broken down by microbial activity and may return nitrogen and other nutrients to the grass

13. Phosphorus P - ppm *using Bray I extraction method for pH <7.2 No yard needs Phosphorus : 185 out of 194 samples above 40 40 Phosphorous Level Amount in PPM* Low1-15 Low- Adequate15-25 Adequate26-40 High>40

14. Potassium LevelAmount in PPM* Low1-120 Low- Adequate121-190 Adequate191-300 High>400

15. Apply no more than one pound of nitrogen per 1,000 sq. ft. at a time.

16. www.growsmartgrowsafe.org Olympiawa.gov/waterwise

17. This grant has been funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under Puget Sound Ecosystem Restoration and Protection Cooperative Agreement Grant PC- 00J20101 with Washington Department of Ecology. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Environmental Protection Agency, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Additional funding has been provided by the Washington State Department of Ecology, City of Olympia, Thurston County and City of Tumwater.