1. B RAILLE D ISPLAY Katie and Kara Chylinski Advisor: Professor Hedrick March 5, 2005

2. O UTLINE Background The Problem Our Objective Design Process Final Design Results Conclusion

3. I NTRODUCTION Braille AlphabetBraille Display

4. M OTIVATIONS Combine past class work Include a variety of topics Solve a problem Beneficial to people with disabilities Have fun!

5. P ROJECT G OAL Concerns:inexpensive, adaptable, portable

6. S YSTEM M ODULES Convert printed page to bitmap Convert bitmap to ASCII characters Change ASCII to Braille dot pattern Send dot pattern to display unit

7. M ODULE D ESIGN P ROCESS Environment: Linux Collecting bitmap: SANE Converting bitmap: GOCR Driver hardware: Cynagal C8051 Microcontroller This module technique allows us to change each component.

8. D EVELOPMENT S YSTEM Scanner Power Supply Display Cell Circuit Program Microcontroller C++ Program Text

9. D ESIGN P ROCESS Research Compare actuators Design sketches and performance criteria Configure scanner and optical character recognition (OCR) Use microcontroller and RS232 port Program code changing ASCII to Braille Construct driver circuit

10. R ESEARCH Freedom Scientific Pulse Data ALVA Metec

11. A CTUATORS SolenoidsPiezoelectricSpeakers Cost +-++ Size +++- Voltage -+++

12. P ERFOMANCE C RITERIA Cell Dimensions: Between dots: 2.54 mm Dot height:.5 mm Between cells: 3.75 mm Changing speed

13. S OLIDWORKS S KETCH

14. D ETAILED S KETCH

15. S CANNER AND OCR Devices –Epson SCANNER GT-8500 –GOCR 0.39 Procedure –Scan in Text –Use Optical Character Recognition –Create “out.txt” File

16. M ICROCONTROLLER RS232 Port Serial Port Data Communication Protocol Program

17. SEND @ WAIT R SEND CHAR WAIT S WAIT @ SEND R WAIT CHAR SEND S LinuxMicrocontroller @ R char S

18. P ROGRAM // receive example: // a '1' turns LED on; a '0‘ turns LED off. P2MDOUT = 0xff; XBR2 = 0x40; P2 = 0x00; while (1) { input_char = _getkey(); if (input_char == '@') { putchar('R'); //get the braille character input_char = _getkey(); putchar('S'); P2 = input_char; } }

19. C ++ P ROGRAM Algorithm Set baud rate Open output file from scanner Read in first character Communicate with microcontroller Check if capital letter or number Write to port binary sequence

20. C ++ P ROGRAM /* Change ASCII to Braille */ switch (int(next)) { // Lower Case Letters case 101: case 69: // e - 010001 portchar = 0x11; write(port, &portchar, 1); break; case 116: case 84: // t - 011110 portchar = 0x1e; write(port, &portchar, 1); break; case 97: case 65: // a – 000001 portchar = 0x01; write(port, &portchar, 1); break;

21. D RIVER C IRCUIT

22. R ESULTS

23. a

24. b

25. c

26. T OTAL C OST Scanner: $50 Microcontroller: $150 OCR software: free 6 Solenoids: $20 Circuit components: $10 Casing materials: + $20 $250

27. S UMMARY

28. F UTURE W ORK Finish mechanical casing Improve scanner Improve OCR Run SANE from C++ program Make portable

29. R EFERENCES http://dots.physics.orst.edu/gs_index.html http://jocr.sourceforge.net/ http://www.aagi.com/ http://www.allelectronics.com/ http://www.alva-bv.nl/alvacorp/alva_corp_home.asp http://www.askoxford.com/asktheexperts/faq/aboutwords/frequency http://www.braillenet.net/accessibilite/livreblanc/english/affbraille.html http://www.freedomscientific.com/ http://www.htwm.de/acmc/mcmodule.htm http://www.k10k.net/issues/issue059/golan/dakadaka/braille.html http://www.kgs-america.com/bc.html http://www.metec-ag.de/english.html http://www.nec-tokin.com/english/product/sekisou_e/pa_features.html http://www.pulsedata.com/ http://www.sane-project.org/ http://www.vesid.nysed.gov/lsn/stvnews/fall03.htm

30. A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS Professor Hedrick Eugen Schäfer Roland Pierson James Howard Gene Davison

31. Q UESTIONS?