1. SUSTAINABILITY BY OPENINGS VENTILATION, DAY LIGHTING
OULDOUZ NASERI
MASTER STUDENT OF INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE
EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN UNIVERSITY

2. What is a Green Building?
TABLE OF CONTANT
What is a Green Building?
Green building’s rating
Green Attributes of Windows and Doors
Indoor Environmental Quality
Windows in Sustai nable Design
Whay it is important?
When to use it?
INTRODUCTION
The Reichstag, Berlin
Arup Campus, Solihull
Orchard Learning and Resource Centre
CASE STUDIES
Goldsmiths College
Chelsea Club and Chelsea World of Sport
CONCLUSION
Serpentine Gallery Pavilion
Sainsbury, Greenwich
CREA-PB Headquarters
REFERENCES
El Ejido Courthouse

3. What is a Green Building?
INTRODUCTION
What is a Green Building?
green homes use less energy, less water and fewer natural resources than conventional homes.
“A green home incorporates smart design, technology, construction and maintenance elements to significantly lessen the negative impact of the home on the environment and improve the health of the people who live inside.”
Factors to make a Green Building?
building’s location
size and design
(US Green Building Council, n. d).

4. Green building’s rating insulation properties water conservation
indoor air quality
Green building’s rating
insulation properties
water conservation
renewable energy
landscaping
Energy efficiency
Opening and fenestrations are the way which make building green by air quality and energy efficiency
Ventilation and day lighting
(US Green Building Council, n. d).

5. Green Attributes of Windows and Doors
Windows and doors are important elements of a home’s building envelope. Not only can the right windows and doors create aesthetically pleasing homes, but they can also contribute to a healthier indoor living environment and a reduced environmental footprint.
Indoor environmental quality
how long the new products will last. It is also desirable for the products to be recyclable.
When selecting windows and doors, there are three features that must be considered:
energy performance
durability
(US Green Building Council, n. d).

6. Windows in Sustai nable Design
Windows are a critical component in sustainable building design. Most energy flows in and out of a building through its windows, but with intelligent design and technological innovation they can be used to provide heating, cooling and lighting for a better indoor environment.
Framing
Design of them
Glass Options
Factors to make a sustainable window
(Jennifer Gray , 27 May )

7. Sustainable Window Design:
Why is it Important?
Sustainable Window Design:
Connects the building and its occupants to the sun, the wind and the world outside.
Supports a net zero energy design with passive strategies for lighting, heating and cooling, and ventilation.
Allows people to control their own environments and be healthier and more productive as a result.
(anon, 27 June 2009)

8. Use Sustainable Window Design:
When to Use It?
Use Sustainable Window Design:
In northern climates, there should be more windows on the south side than on any other elevation
+Maximizes winter heat gain
+Minimizes summer cooling loads since radiation is high in winter and low in summer.
Minimize east and west windows because they are difficult and expensive to control day lighting, glare, and summer heat gain.
May have restrictions in historic districts and places where nearby buildings or trees block light.
(Unnoun, 27 June 2009)

9. Indoor Environmental Quality
here are three ways windows and doors contribute to the quality of a building's indoor environment:
amount of natural light
effectiveness of ventilation
Minimizing volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
(US Green Building Council, n. d).

10. Natural light contributes not only to the health of the home's occupants, but also reduces the need for electric lighting, especially during the day time. As a result, at least one green building program recommends that natural light should reach at least 75% of a home's interior. To increase available natural light, more windows and/or glass doors can be added to the home or existing windows can be replaced with larger ones, if space permits.
(US Green Building Council, n. d).

11. Students concentrate better
The use of natural light through sky light and windows to complement or replace interior electric light – has become as desirable an asset as fresh air or sunshine. It is a linchpin of green building .
Proper day lighting strategies are beneficial for nearly every human endeavor
Students concentrate better
Workers are more productive
patient recover quicker
Stores register more sell
McGr aw- Hi l l Constr ucti on - Conti nui ng Educati on Center

12. An effective day lighting
Can go long way toward reducing energy cost for lighting and climate control
An effective day lighting
But daylight is hardly a “one-size-fits-all” solution. There are many factors involved in an effective daylight design:
Buildings location
Design
Architectural elements
Mechanical electrical systems
Acceptant comfort and productivity
Key among these factors is the window…….
McGr aw- Hi l l Constr ucti on - Conti nui ng Educati on Center

13. “the window is the first line of defines for energy saving”
When daylight is controlled at the window wall, the need for artificial lighting and heating, ventilation and air condition is far less.
McGr aw- Hi l l Constr ucti on - Conti nui ng Educati on Center

14. Adequate ventilation is essential to indoor air quality
Adequate ventilation is essential to indoor air quality. To ensure plentiful fresh air, homeowners should consider the number, size and placement of windows and doors based on the home's orientation and exposure to prevailing breezes.
(US Green Building Council, n. d).

15. The light comes from sun wherever is above the horizon
ATTENTION
In terms of natural light there is sun light and day light
sun light
day light
The light comes from the visible sun
The light comes from sun wherever is above the horizon
(Coles, & House2007)

16. CASE STUDIES OPENING DESIGN
BASED ON
OPENING DESIGN
Sustainability by opening and day lighting design
Ventilation

17. Architect :Foster and Partners Lighting Design :Claude Engle
The Reichstag, Berlin
The building rooted in four main principles:
The Bundestag’s significance as a democratic forum
A commitment to public accessibility
A sensitivity to history
A rigorous environmental agenda.
Architect :Foster and Partners
Lighting Design :Claude Engle
Client :Federal Republic of Germany
The purpose of this Case Study is to concentrate on the last of these objectives, in which day lighting is clearly a priority.
Pillips, D. (2004)

18. Sustainable side in the building
1. Combined heat and power generation, associated with seasonal energy storage.
2. The use of biomass (rape seed oil) as a renewable energy source for the production of electricity, the result of which is a 94 per cent reduction in carbon dioxide emissions.
3. Natural ventilation and natural daylight.
4. Solar energy. The use of 100 solar panels on the roof, providing a peak output sufficient to drive the exhaust air ventilation system of the main plenary chamber, together with other shading devices within the dome.
Pillips, D. (2004)

19. One of the key aims has been to optimize the use of natural daylight throughout the building, to minimize the use of artificial lighting, thus reducing electricity consumption.
The dome is crucial to the day lighting and ventilation strategies for the building.
Pillips, D. (2004)

20. its core is the light sculptor
This reflective cone provides the solution to lighting and ventilating the chamber
The reflector is a concave faceted cone, covered with a battery of 360 angled mirrors which together form a giant Fresnel lens working like a lighthouse in reverse, directing horizontal light down to the chamber
Pillips, D. (2004)

21. This light sculptor is a part of the ventilation system bringing air up towards the top of the dome whilst at the same time it reflects horizontal light to the chamber.
The goal of the design team has been to create a building that will be energy efficient, wherever possible using natural renewable energy sources to provide maximum comfort, striving towards a more ‘sustainable architecture’.
Pillips, D. (2004)

22. showing side window day lighting
Pillips, D. (2004)

23. Architect & Engineer: Arup Associates Client :Arup
Arup Campus, Solihull
Architect & Engineer: Arup Associates
Client :Arup
Day light instead of sunlight
Pillips, D. (2004)

24. Section of model to illustrate the day lighting
Pillips, D. (2004)

25. Interior of office illustrating the artificial lighting system related to a circulation aisle
Pillips, D. (2004)

26. Exterior to show the application of reduced
glazing and fixed louvres to southerly elevations
Pillips, D. (2004)

27. Orchard Learning and Resource Centre
Architect :Ahrends Burton and Koralek (ABK)
Engineer: Ove Arup and Partners
Client :Selly Oak Colleges, Cadbury Trust
Pillips, D. (2004)

28. Passive solar building with natural ventilation, with the elimination of an overall air conditioning system, with the exception of certain critical areas.
The day lighting strategy was designed to reduce the use of energy as far as possible.
Pillips, D. (2004)

29. Sketch section to show ventilation system, with windows and skylight
The library open plan areas are naturally ventilated and receive daylight both from the side windows and the central atrium
Sketch section to show ventilation system, with windows and skylight
Pillips, D. (2004)

30. The form of the building seen in the accompanying plans consists of three interlinked modules, with a linear skylight running the full length of the building, giving daylight through to the ground floor by what might be described as an atrium.
Pillips, D. (2004)

31. Architect :Allies and Morrison Engineer :Max Fordham
Goldsmiths College
Goldsmiths College
Architect :Allies and Morrison
Engineer :Max Fordham
Client: Goldsmiths College
Location : New Cross
The architectural response was for the facade to be predominantly glazed thereby providing a highly visible view into the open plan of the building, which should be as impressive at night as during the day.
Pillips, D. (2004)

32. 1. To overcome the practical problem of natural light entering the building and causing glare to the computer screens, control of ‘sun glare’ and reflections on to the VDUs.
2. To maximize the use of daylight, not only to allow views out of the building, but also to economize on the use of electrical energy for the artificial lighting.
3. To eliminate any heat gains from direct sunlight so that there should be no need for air-conditioning.
Pillips, D. (2004)

33. Interior view showing the layout and disposition of the computer screens
Pillips, D. (2004)

34. Chelsea Club and Chelsea World of Sport
Architect: Fletcher Priest
Services engineers: TME Engineers
Client: Chelsea Village
The Chelsea Club provides private sports
facilities for its members
The main spaces are Plan Section accommodated with two 3-storey blocks either side of a glazed link which brings daylight into the heart of the building and contains the central stair and glazed lift.
Pillips, D. (2004)

35. Pillips, D. (2004)

36. Serpentine Gallery Pavilion
Architect: Toyo Ito
Engineers and lighting designers :Arup
Client: Serpentine Gallery
The purpose of the building was basically a restaurant during the day, and it is most successful in this, with views out on to Kensington Gardens, in which there is no need for artificial lighting.
Pillips, D. (2004)

37. Roof detail from inside Exterior with entrance ramp
Interior of the restaurant
Detail of the exterior walling
Pillips, D. (2004)

38. Architect: Chetwood Associates
Sainsbury, Greenwich
Architect: Chetwood Associates
Lighting Consultants: Pinniger and Partners
Client: Sainsbury’s Supermarkets
The day lighting was achieved by an innovative roof design, incorporating eight high angled north-facing roof lights, arranged in a saw tooth pattern occupying 20 per cent of the roof area. The day lighting design results in a high daylight factor (DF) of between 5 and 9 per cent.
The roof from above
Pillips, D. (2004)

39. Pillips, D. (2004)

40. General view of the checkout area
Pillips, D. (2004)

41. Detail of roof lighting General view of roof lighting and gondola
Fittings Exterior of the frontage
Pillips, D. (2004)

42. CREA-PB Headquarters / MAPA
photo by: Leonardo Finotti
Architects: MAPA
Location: Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
Architect In Charge: MAAM + Studioparalelo
Year: 2012
Photographs: Leonardo Finotti

43. this building was designed and built to accommodate the new headquarters of CREA (Engineering Council Body). The precast concrete permeable “skin” does not resemble the usual glazed institutional buildings, impervious and impermeable. Instead its transparency and lightness give the whole building qualities recommended for the modern state institutions. Inside, the patios play the main role – transparent and covered with glass panels over the main circulation areas, fully permeable over the garden and the reflective pool on the ground floor.
precast concrete
photo by: Leonardo Finotti
photo by: Leonardo Finotti

44. Artificial lighting photo by: Leonardo Finotti

45. photo by: Leonardo Finotti

46. El Ejido Courthouse / Andrés López Fernández
Photo by:Manolo Toledo
Architects: Andrés López Fernández
Location: El Ejido, Almería, Spain
Year: 2011
Photographs: Manolo Toledo
el-ejido-andres-lopez-fernandez/

47. Photo by:Manolo Toledo
The building is intended to convey the two conditions inherent in the administration of justice.
On the one hand the strength and firmness shown by the strength of the buildings geometry and structural material. Then on the other hand, transparency, enshrined in the constitution of the porous boundary walls and partitions that allow friendly and complex nuanced relationship building in an urban environment. In fact, the construction of the main facade is reminiscent of poles placed on shelves.
el-ejido-andres-lopez-fernandez/

48. CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
To conclusion, using daylight as a sustainable factor is important in interior design. People like to have natural light in their indoor environment, but they tries to make in indirect able.
Openings play important role to bring natural light into space, but their design is the most important factor.
Ventilation or natural air conditioning are another factors that a well designed opening should achieve.

49. REFERENCE
archdaily. (n. d.). CREA-PB Headquarters / MAPA. December 15, 2013 from the World Wide Web :
archdaily. (n. d.). El Ejido Courthouse / Andrés López Fernández. December 15, 2013 from the World Wide Web : el-ejido-andres-lopez-fernandez/
Coles, J., & House, N. (2007). The fundamentals of interior architecture. Switzerland: AVA Publishing SA
Pillips, D. (2004). Day lighting – natural light in architecture. Oxford : Architectural Press
Guardian Industries. ( June.2009). Continuing Education. December 22, 2013 from the World Wide Web : www. McGraw- Hill Construction.com/
Jennifer Gray . (27.May. 2010). Windows in Sustai nable Desi gn. December 18, 2013 from the World Wide Web : ndows.html
US Green Building Council. (n. d). innotech-windows+doors. December 18, 2013 from the World Wide Web :
Woodland Building Supply. (27 June 2009). Sustainable Windows & Doors. December 18, 2013 from the World Wide Web : Products/Sustainable- Windows- and- Doors.aspx