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THE IMPACT OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS’ ATTITUDES AND KNOWLEDGE ON THE QUALITY OF CARE FOR DRUG-DEPENDENTS Authors: Molina Mula J; Hernández Sánchez D; Carnicero Viñals Eva; Castaño Fernández, AI; Clar Aragón F, Gelabert Binimelis A, González Trujillo A, López Alabarce JA, Montalbán Romero M, Sanz Álvarez E, Simonet Bennassar M, Vilardell Balash M Balearic Nursing Research Group in Drug-Dependence (GIBED, in Spanish)
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Some Dates Very important public health problem The World Health Report, 2000
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BackgroundsBackgrounds The training curricula of health professional about drug- dependence is very low. (Pinikahana, 2002; Pillon, 2003; Rassool, 2006; Fornili, 2007; Kelleher, 2009) The training programs can improve confidence in working with drug addicts and professional attitude towards them (Gerace, 1995; Karam-Hage, 2001) Research in the field of attitudes is relatively low, however, influence the quality of care. The attitudes and knowledge can play a crucial role in treatment failure (Carroll, 1993 y Kelleher, 2007 y 2009)
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GoalGoal Analyze the factors involved in the professionals’ attitudes from the Substance-Related Disorders Literature review phases: -1 st Phase: Structured literature search in PubMed, Cochrane Library Plus, CINAHL, Cuiden, Cuiden Plus, EBSCOhost, IBECS y PSICODOC, Spanish Medical MeSH. -2 nd Phase: Targeted literature search and contacted several authors via email and fax. -3 rd Phase: Methodological and thematic analysis of selected scientific articles. -4 th Phase: Compilation of instruments for measuring knowledge and attitudes 1.Translation concepts to documentary language or descriptors (DECS). 2.Combining the descriptors by Boolean operators. 3.Selecting Metasearch Engine: EBSCOhost including CIHNAL, FRANCIS, Psycinfo and Academy Search Premier. 4.Specific data bases: Pubmed; Ibecs and IME. 5.EBP data bases: Cochrane Library Plus. 1.Translation concepts to documentary language or descriptors (DECS). 2.Combining the descriptors by Boolean operators. 3.Selecting Metasearch Engine: EBSCOhost including CIHNAL, FRANCIS, Psycinfo and Academy Search Premier. 4.Specific data bases: Pubmed; Ibecs and IME. 5.EBP data bases: Cochrane Library Plus.
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Material and Methods DESCRIPTORSPANISHENGLISH Main 1 Rol ProfesionalProfessional Role Main 2 Trastornos Relacionados con SustanciasSubstance-Related Disorders Secondary 1 Percepción SocialSocial Perception Secondary 2 Capacitación ProfesionalProfessional Training Bibliographic search strategy with Boolean 1Main 1 + Main 2: Professional Role AND Substance-Related Disorders 2Main 2 + Secondary 1 + Main 1: Substance-Related Disorders AND Social Perception AND Professional Role 3Main 2 + Secondary 2: Substance-Related Disorders AND Professional Training
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Results (Selection of articles) Likert Scale
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Results (Characteristics of studies) TYPES OF STUDIESMETHOLOGY OF THE STUDIES DESCRIPTIVE36QUANTITATIVE31 REVIEWS15QUALITATIVE6 INTERVENTION4MIXED7 TECHNICAL REPORT2SYSTEMATICS REVIEWS 15 PREVALENCE1 COHORT1
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Results (Topics)
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Results (Measuring instruments) Topics: -Drug-dependences: 21 -Alcohol: 12 -Others: 5 Questionnaries: Questionnaries: SAAS, SAES, NEADA, AAPQ, Survey of National Drug Plan, Addiction Psychiatry Survey, CAGE, AUDIT, AUDIT-C, FAST, PAT, Marcus Alcoholism Questionnaire, Seaman e Mannello… Qualitative: semistructured interviews (8), focus groups (4) and structured interviews (1)
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Discussion 1.Individual beliefs, age, gender, ethnicity and religion influence professional attitudes towards drug addicts (Howard & Chung, 2000; Nordqvist, Johansson, Lindqvist & Bendtsen, 2006) 2.Professional attitudes depend on the different roles, socialization and type and nature of contact with these patients (Carroll, 1993) 3.Health professionals’ lack of training in substance abuse ((Nordqvist, Johansson, Lindqvist & Bendtsen, 2006; Deehan, McCambridge, Ball & Strang, 2002) 4.The institution where professionals work affects care of drug-dependents (Bard, 2006)
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Challenges 1.The need for professionals to separate themselves from their preconceived notions when attending drug dependents’ needs (Storani & Tavares, 2008) 2.The need to change the training currently being provided and the need for the strong presence of this kind of training in undergraduate and postgraduate curricula (Nkowane & Saxena, 2004) 3.The need to act on early detection and preventive intervention in this area (Pillon, Ramos, Villar & Rassool, 2004; León, 2005) 4.Nurses’ historically greater role in caring for drug addicts, compared with other groups of health professionals, and the fact that they are the key workers in drug-dependence (Howard & Chung, 2000)
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Proposal Descriptive study Validation of questionnaries Analytical study Observational Phase Interviews with health professionals Focus groups with drug addicts Qualitative Phase
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