1. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Project 25 Update Presented by: The Project 25 Technology Interest Group http://www.project25.org

2. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 2 Presentation Agenda Project 25 Overview Wireline Interfaces Project 25 Work In Progress

3. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Project 25 Overview

4. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 4 Project 25/TIA Standards Process Map APIC: TIA-P25 Interface via MoU Develops user requirements into standards proposals Serves as venues for needed clarifications Manages documents All organizations get a vote APIC: APCO Project 25 Interface Committee TIA: Telecommunications Industry Association Joint Participation P25 Steering Committee P25 User Needs Committee User Needs Task Groups User voice Define requirements for standardization; Adopt or reject TIA work Only Users vote Develops concept documents for P25 TIA TR-8 Committee TR-8 Committee Subcommittees Subcommittee Working Groups Industry voice Develop consensus standards with guidance from APIC and users Only TR-8 members vote APIC Working Groups APIC Task Groups

5. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 5 Project 25 Proposal Process TIA Bulletin Requires 2/3 approval among voting members. Reviewed every 5 years. ANSI Standard ANSI approved. All interested parties vote. Reviewed every 5 years. Proposal submitted to P25 Steering Committee Working Document on proposal developed in APCO P25 Interface Committee or Task Group P25 Steering Committee Votes to move Working Document Forward to TIA (TR-8) P25 Steering Committee accepts, rejects, or requests modifications to proposal User Needs assists with requirements clarifications Process is Iterative Input Output TIA Standard TIA approved. All interested parties vote. Reviewed every 5 years. TR8 Subcommittee TIA Standards can be upgraded to ANSI Standards via ANSI/TIA processes

6. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 6 Project 25 Document Designation All Project 25 documents will carry a designation of TSB102XYYZ or TIA102XYYZ Some documents are a TSB (Telecommunications System Bulletin) Others are TIA (Telecommunications Industry Association) Standards The four alpha characters following the 102 are designated: ­By the left most alpha character (X) A Services Conventional, Trunked, Encrypted B Systems Interface Standards C Equipment Measurements and Specifications ­The next 2 alpha characters (YY) designate a particular feature within a category ­The last alpha character (Z) designates a particular standards document dealing with a feature i.e. TIA102BACA ISSI Messages and Procedures

7. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 7 Benefits of Project 25 Standard Project 25 Standard documents define seven specific interfaces, or connection points, of digital wireless systems. ­Enables competing manufacturers to build products that interoperate across those interfaces ­Enables agencies to procure interoperable Project 25 products, sub-systems, and systems from competing manufacturers.

8. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 8 Project 25 System Interfaces Inter RF SubSystem Interface (ISSI) Telephone Interconnect (PSTN) Subscriber Data Peripheral Interface e.g. MDT Data Interface e.g. Databases Other P25 Systems Gateway Network Manager Consoles Subscriber Units Repeaters PSTNSystem Common Air Interface (CAI) Console ConsoleSubSystemInterface(CSSI) Fixed System Interface Fixed System Interface(FSI) P25 RF SubSystem (RFSS)

9. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 9 Project 25 RF SubSystem The RFSS or Radio Frequency Sub-System ­is the heart of the system ­provides for processing all calls group, individual, PSTN ­sets up command and control messages ­routes voice and data packets ­manages subscriber (group) databases ­six of the seven standard interfaces connect to the RFSS

10. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 10 Project 25 Interfaces Common Air Interface - CAI - (U m ) –describes the wireless/over-the-air radio access among subscriber radios and between the subscriber radios and the fixed or base station radios Inter RF Subsystem Interface – ISSI - (G) – describes the interface between systems, permitting users in one system to communicate with users in a different system for expanded coverage. Fixed Station Interface – FSI - (E f ) –describes the conventional signaling and messages between the radio system and the fixed station by defining the voice and data packets and the command and control messages. Console Subsystem Interface – CSSI - (E c ) –describes the signaling and messages between the radio system and the console, the position that a dispatcher or a supervisor would occupy to provide commands and support to the personnel in the field. The trunked console interface is part of the ISSI interface.

11. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 11 Project 25 Interfaces (cont.) Subscriber data peripheral interface (A) –describes the data interface between the Project 25 radio and a data device Data network interface (E d ) – describes the data interface between the Project 25 radio system and the external data network including connections to computers, data networks, external data sources, etc. Telephone interconnect interface (E t ) – describes the interface between the subscriber and the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) to allow field personnel to make telephone calls. The use of this interface is dwindling due to (1) the availability of commercial cellular networks, and (2) the potential loading impact to the radio system if over used. (Future work) Network Management Interface (E n ) – describes the interface to the radio system that allows administrators to control and monitor network fault management and network performance management. (Future work)

12. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 12 Common Air Interface Elements Over the Air Rekeying OTAR Over the Air Rekeying OTAR Data  IP packets  Integrated with Voice and Control Data  IP packets  Integrated with Voice and Control Encryption  Multi-algorithm  Multi-key  Encrypted Voice, Data, & Control Encryption  Multi-algorithm  Multi-key  Encrypted Voice, Data, & Control Trunking  Control Channel  Trunking Signal Blocks  Unit & Group Addressing Trunking  Control Channel  Trunking Signal Blocks  Unit & Group Addressing The Common Air Interface CAI integrates and combines all other aspects of the radio system such as Conventional & Trunking control, Encryption, Data, and Over-The-Air-Rekeying. Conventional  Talk Around  Conventional Signal Blocks  Unit & Group Addressing Conventional  Talk Around  Conventional Signal Blocks  Unit & Group Addressing CAI FDMA  12.5 kHz channels  9.6 kbps  QPSK-c modulation  FDMA channel access  Error correction codes  IMBE vocoder CAI FDMA  12.5 kHz channels  9.6 kbps  QPSK-c modulation  FDMA channel access  Error correction codes  IMBE vocoder

13. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 13 Project 25 FDMA Air Interface Aggregate Data Rate Digital voice, 4400 bits/sec Channel signaling, 2400 bits/sec Error correction, 2800 bits/sec Composite signal, 9600 b/s

14. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 14 P25 Features (1) (per APCO P25 System and Standards Definition) ConventionalTrunking Teleservices Broadcast Voice CallNot ApplicableMandatory Unaddressed Voice CallMandatoryNot Applicable Group Voice CallStandard OptionMandatory Individual Voice CallStandard OptionMandatory Pre-programmed Data MessagingStandard Option Services to the Subscriber Intra/Inter System RoamingStandard Option Call RestrictionNot AvailableStandard Option AffiliationStandard Option Call RoutingStandard Option Encryption UpdateStandard Option RegistrationStandard OptionMandatory RoamingMandatory Radio Unit Disable/Re-enableOptional Call Statistics/Traffic RecordingOptional

15. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 15 ConventionalTrunking Supplementary Services EncryptionStandard Option Priority CallNot AvailableStandard Option Preemptive Priority CallNot AvailableStandard Option Call InterruptStandard Option Voice Telephone InterconnectStandard Option Discreet ListeningStandard Option Silent EmergencyStandard Option Radio Unit MonitoringStandard Option Talking Party IdentificationStandard Option Call AlertingStandard Option Bearer services Circuit Switched Unreliable/Reliable Data Standard Option Packet Switched Unreliable/Reliable Data Standard Option P25 Features (2) (per APCO P25 System and Standards Definition)

16. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 16 Project 25 “Phases” “Phase 1” defines digital Common Air Interface FDMA work, using a 12.5 kHz channel “Phase 2” defines additional digital Interfaces, TDMA or FDMA work, achieving 6.25 kHz channel equivalent efficiency Note: Phase 2 also refers to P25 requirements developed supporting both Phase 1 and Phase 2 systems, such as the ISSI, Fixed Station, and Console interfaces

17. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Wireline Interfaces Significant Progress in 2006-7

18. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 18 RFSS 1 HLR/VLR ISSI, Fixed Station Subsystem Interface and Console SubSystem Interfaces SYSTEM 1 Console SubSystem CSSI Additional Conventional Coverage Area FSSI RFSS 1 HLR/VLR SYSTEM 2 ISSI ISSI Inter Sub System Interface FSSI Fixed Station Subsystem Interface (conventional interface) CSSI Console Sub System Interface HLR Home Location Register (manages home subscribers) VLR Visitor Location Register (manages visitor subscribers) RFSS Radio Frequency Sub System

19. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 19 Wireline Interface Scope definitions ISSI ­Scope 1 Trunked Talkgroup call, Unit to Unit call (Individual), Mobility (Subscriber roaming) and Authentication ­Scope 2 Conventional, Data, OTAR (Over The Air Rekeying), Console across ISSI, Supplementary data (call alert, etc.) Fixed Station Interface ­Scope 1 Voice & Station control for analog/P25 air interface supported over 4-wire (analog) and Ethernet (digital) transport between console and single fixed station. Console Subsystem Interface ­Scope 1 Uses the Trunked ISSI features and incorporates Conventional ISSI features.

20. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 20 Wireline Standards Documentation Compliance Assessment Plan OverviewMessages and Procedures Methods of Measure PerformanceConformanceInterop testing ISSI Scope 1 ISSI Scope 2 TBD CSSI Scope 1 CSSI Scope 2 TBD FSI Scope 1 FSI Scope 2 TBD Next In Line DevelopingBalloting TIA Published

21. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 21 ISSI Features Authentication of roaming radios Tracking current location of roaming radios ­subscriber database management Voice transport Project 25 addressing scheme Unit/Group Call setup & teardown Home-based PTT services to roaming radios PTT communications management among roaming and home-based radios

22. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 22 ISSI – Interconnecting Networks NETWORK B NETWORK A Users from Network A and B communicate using ISSI ISSI Talk Group A The ISSI is an all-IP system interface using SIP and RTP to achieve voice communications between Project 25 radio networks SIP = Session Initiation Protocol (call setup and tear down) RTP = Real Time Transport Protocol (traffic bearer)

23. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 23 NETWORK B ISSI - Coverage Extension NETWORK A Users from Network A roam into B and communicate using ISSI ISSI Talk Group B

24. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 24 NETWORK B NETWORK A Network A user roams into Network B and using the ISSI communicates with Network B users or Network A Network A user can join talk groups with Network B users Network B users roam into Network A and using the ISSI communicates with Network A users Network B user can join talk groups with Network A users or Network B ISSI Agency Interoperability - Roaming ISSI

25. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Project 25 Activity… Work In Progress

26. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 26 Project 25 Work In Progress User Requirements ­Project 25 Statement Of Requirements (SOR) updates Project 25 Interoperability ­Document Updates - Trunking ­Planning for Project 25 Compliance Assessment Program Encryption ­Document Updates - OTAR ­Inter KMF Key Sharing TDMA ­Air Interface ­Project 25 FDMA and TDMA Interoperability

27. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 27 Drivers for TDMA FCC - Spectral Efficiency ­6.25 kHz efficiency ruling 2-slot in 12.5kHz for 6.25 kHz efficiency 4-slot in 25kHz for 6.25 kHz efficiency ­Additional capacity needed, particularly in urban areas Smooth migration from FDMA to TDMA Backwards compatibility with FDMA TDMA coverage same as FDMA Improved audio quality

28. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 28 Project 25 TDMA – Attributes Enhanced FDMA Control Channel ­Updates to FDMA CCH to accommodate TDMA traffic channel control and assignment ­Controls FDMA and TDMA subscriber units ­Interoperability with FDMA for joint operations and migration ­Preservation of FDMA subscriber investments FDMA Conventional Direct mode ­Option for TDMA subscribers when outside of coverage area Two channels in 12.5 kHz or four channels in 25 kHz ­Achieves FCC 6.25 kHz channel equivalent efficiency ­Encryption interoperability (DES or AES) Vocoders ­Dual rate for FDMA interoperability ­Accommodate enhanced vocoders for improved voice quality

29. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Slide 29 TDMA Harmonization Work in process 9.6 to 12 kbps air link rate for 2-slot TDMA Modulation ­Simulcast improvements for downlink modulation Dual Rate Vocoder ­Baseline Full Rate IMBE & Enhanced Half Rate IMBE 30 msec slot size ­Frame structures defined Signaling improvements ­Bidirectional for transmitting unit takeover 4-slot TDMA work to follow

30. Copyright Project 25 Technology Interest Group Thank You! PTIG Commercial Members: Aeroflex, Inc. BearCom Wireless Worldwide Bechtel Corporation Catalyst Communications Technologies CTA Communications Consulting Daniels Electronics Ltd. Datron World Communications Inc. Digital Voice Systems, Inc. EADS Public Safety Inc. EFJohnson Company Etherstack Ltd. Federal Engineering, Inc. General Dynamics Genesis Group Honeywell Batteries, Global Technology Systems, Inc. Icom America Kenwood Midland Radio Corporation Motorola, Inc. Pantel International Inc. RELM Wireless Corporation Tait Electronics - Radio Communications Technisonic Industries Ltd. Thales Communications Inc. TMC Radio Pty Ltd Tyco Electronics - M/A-COM Vertex Standard, Inc. Westel RF Technology Corporation Wireless Pacific Wulfsberg Electronics Zetron, Inc.