1. GEORGIA SOCCER COACHING SCHOOL ‘G’ COURSE For U-6 and U-8 Recreational Coaches October 2009

2. OUR CHALLENGE: CHANGE THE CULTURE Change from a Coach-centered approach to a Player-centered approach Change from a ‘Drills mentality’ to ‘ Game- like activities’ approach Change from a ‘result-oriented’ philosophy to a ‘ process -oriented’ one Adults need to learn to view the game through the child’s eyes

3. THE PLAYER-CENTERED APPROACH The Player is the central focus Understand players’ characteristics Allow players to take ownership Allow players to make own decisions Allow players to solve problems Avoid over-coaching. Let go!! Avoid coaching in absolutes Avoid coach-controlled choreography Avoid imposing adult agenda/expectations on kids

4. THE PLAYER AND HIS/HER BALL First introduction to soccer Egocentric stage Fascination with new toy Don’t want to share their new toy Learning to control their body and the ball Cannot handle opponents yet

5. OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE Understand characteristics of U-6/U-8 Understand their needs and capabilities Able to organize appropriate practice sessions Understand the importance of dribbling KINS Program Understand rationale of Small-Sided Soccer Become a comfortable and confident coach

6. UNDERSTAND PLAYERS’ CHARACTERISTICS U-6 Players – Motor Skills Differences between Boys and girls minimal Motor skills start with the head and move downward and outward No sense of pace Easy fatigue, rapid recovery Catching skills not developed Eye-hand and eye-foot coordination primitive Need to explore quality of rolling/bouncing balls Movement education, locomotor/nonlocomotor

7. UNDERSTAND PLAYERS’ CHARACTERISTICS U-6 Players – Cognitive Skills Short attention span Play consists of high degree of imagination/pretend Illogical thinking Constantly in motion. No sense of pace Can tend to only one task at a time No understanding of time/space relationships Can only handle simple, one-step instructions Focus only on ball. Cannot handle tactics Don’t really play soccer but play at soccer

8. UNDERSTAND PLAYERS’ CHARACTERISTICS U-6 Players – Psycho-Social Skills Developing self-concept through movement Egocentric. Do not play with but play in parallel No concept of TEAM or group dynamics See world only from their perspective (physically and emotionally) Need generous praise and opportunity to play without pressure Fragile psychologically

9. UNDERSTAND PLAYERS’ CHARACTERISTICS U-8 Players – Motor Skills Motor skills continuing to improve but still primitive Catching and bouncing skills beginning to improve Constantly in motion. Hyper with energy to burn Still lack adult like stamina and tires quickly Prone to heat injuries Lack visual acuity to deal with air balls throw ins, goal kicks, corner kicks issues Movement education still the key (locomotor, non- locomotor and manipulative)

10. UNDERSTAND PLAYERS’ CHARACTERISTICS U-8 Players – Cognitive Skills Fantasy age disappearing. Some start to think and solve problems but do the first thing that comes to mind Attention span still short. Players are fidgety Controlling the ball still main focus. Cannot think ahead Concept of time and space still forming Limited self evaluation – effort equal success Doesn’t recognize some relationships and assumes some that do not really exist

11. UNDERSTAND PLAYERS’ CHARACTERISTICS U-8 Players – Psycho-Social Skills Becoming self-conscious. Act less goofy. Looking for approval from adults. Like to show off. Negative comments carry great weight. They want everyone to like them. Like to imitate the big guys (sport heroes, adults) Likes soccer because it’s fun. Intrinsically motivated Playmates emerge. Universe expanded. Limited Team identity. Father becomes more influential

12. UNDERSTAND PLAYERS’ CHARACTERISTICS U-6/U-8 Rec Soccer Skills They don’t pass – they kick The ‘swarm’ Cannot handle throw-ins Cannot handle goal kicks Cannot handle corner kicks Implications for Field size No such thing as a ‘wrong’ technique Randomness of play

13. PLAYER DEVELOPMENT PHILOSOPHY Must focus on dribbling – KINS approach Max ball touches (every player with the ball) Must be fun. Motivate to participate. No tactics. No positions. Rules modified to accommodate players’ level Activities vs drills, to promote thinking De-emphasize winning/losing. No scores. Criticism not appropriate. Develop rapport.

14. PLAYER DEVELOPMENT PHILOSOPHY Philosophy of Equal Opportunities Increase number of potential growth experiences at each practice and game Each participant challenged and grow at their own ability level Better players contribute to growth of players who are a level below More turns, more ball contacts, less down-time Choose activities that allow everyone to play and accomplish above stated goals/philosophy

15. PLAYER DEVELOPMENT PHILOSOPHY Slanty Line Theory Replace traditional rope game of high water-low water where everyone jumps over straight line rope The traditional straight line rope eliminates the weakest players early (those who need the activity the most) Use slanty line rope so each player can engage at his/her level and experience success When players feel comfortable, secure they seek out new challenges. Choose activities that allow everyone to stay engaged without getting eliminated early

16. PLAYER DEVELOPMENT PHILOSOPHY Flow State Model Flow is the period of time in which the activity or task matches your ability If too easy – it becomes boring. If too hard – it becomes frustrating. When in a state of flow, players lose track of time and experience happiness and success When not in a state of flow, other behavioral states may occur (misbehave, inattentive, bored, anxious, etc). Choose activities that allow everyone to reach a state of flow quickly, with action, opportunities & challenges

17. KINS PROGRAM KINS = Kicking Is Not Soccer Emphasize the skill of DRIBBLING Foundation/preparation skill for every other skill Must start early and develop feel/composure on ball Best time to learn from Trial and error Discourage aimless booting of the ball Emphasis on Booting stunts development Players conditioned to get rid of the ball Promote decision making by players Warm up – emphasize dribbling

18. BENEFITS OF KINS PROGRAM Improves skill and enjoyment of players Provides built-in on-going coaching assistance Easier to enlist parents to volunteer as coach Develop club identity and loyalty Raises the skill level of the recreational level Raises the skill level of the select level KINS Program Manual in www.gasoccer.org

19. TEAM MANAGEMENT SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT Coach has responsibility for safety of players Safe environment (field, goals, equipment) Free of physical, sexual, or verbal abuse Coach proper technique Safe activities and proper warm up Supervision of players, size mismatch Quick and sufficient medical response Common sense with weather/lightning

20. TEAM MANAGEMENT SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT Calmness during games & keep cool head Frequent water breaks Get certified with Coaching License Get certified with First Aid course Know the laws of the game Coaches Connection membership www.usyouthsoccer.org

21. TEAM MANAGEMENT ETHICAL ASPECTS Standards of behavior (moral & ethical) In the best interest of the individual player Respect all participants (opponents, ref, etc) Respect others’ confidentiality/privacy Provide feedback in caring/sensitive manner Developing players’ character, values, positive self-image, self confidence more important than soccer skills and team results.

22. TEAM MANAGEMENT CARE AND PREVENTION Always ERR on the side of caution First Aid kit Prevention is key Player Safety Information Card Rule of Thumb when handling injury: Avoid panic. Inspire confidence and reassure player. Check for history of injury (how it happened) Check for Breathing, bleeding, deformity, discoloration Avoid moving the player if potential injury to back/neck Use common sense and seek professional help

23. TEAM MANAGEMENT CARE AND PREVENTION Coaches need to know: Rest – Ice – Compression – Elevation Strains and Sprains Blisters Broken bones and recognition of them Cramp Heat exhaustion Concussions and head injuries

24. TEAM MANAGEMENT TEAM ORGANIZATION Training sessions 45 min to 1 hr Comprise of many short activities No Laps, Lines, or lectures Maximize ball touches Movement education Equipment needs (cones, extra balls, air pump, bibs, First aid kit, Ice, goals)

25. TEAM MANAGEMENT TEAM ORGANIZATION Principles of Teaching Players learn from doing, not from listening Don’t over coach Create games that promote thinking Wean them out of dependence on adults Parents should not coach the players Parents should not tell players to kick or boot ball Coaches should also keep instructions to a minimum Parent pre-season Meeting

26. COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS Why 3v3/4v4? What about Passing at U-6/U-8? How to handle player who refuses to participate? How do we handle a timid player? How to handle a dominating player? How to handle a disruptive player? How to handle dangerous physical play?

27. Georgia Soccer Coaching Education Program Practice Planning & SoccerROM

28. Practice Planning & SoccerROM SoccerROM is an online application, not just a web site –Designed to work for coaches of all levels –Makes it easy for coaches to plan practices and bring new ideas to their players –Extends education beyond the clinic (before the course and after) Georgia Soccer is providing FREE SoccerROM subscriptions to coaches who attend a coaching course –It is very important that you have a WRITTEN practice plan with you every time you step on the field –Having a plan in your head isn’t enough! –Your sessions don’t have to come from SoccerROM, but this makes it easy!

36. When you have finished your plan, simply print it out using the “Print” feature of your web browser, and you’ll get a one- to two-page plan that you can take with you to your session. To get started… 1.Go to www.SoccerROM.comwww.SoccerROM.com 2.Click on “Subscribe Now!” 3.Go through the registration process, and enter the following “Program ID Code” when prompted: GA09CED716 4.When asked for payment, pick “Check” 5.Your account will be activated within a few hours! To get started… 1.Go to www.SoccerROM.comwww.SoccerROM.com 2.Click on “Subscribe Now!” 3.Go through the registration process, and enter the following “Program ID Code” when prompted: GA09CED716 4.When asked for payment, pick “Check” 5.Your account will be activated within a few hours!

37. GEORGIA SOCCER COACHING SCHOOL ‘G’ COURSE October 2009