1. Air Masses and Fronts

2. Air Mass Large body of air with uniform temperature and humidity Air masses take on the characteristics of the region from where they originate Continental (dry) Maritime (moist) Polar (cold) Tropical (warm)

3. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Fronts A front is the boundary separating air masses of different densities Fronts extend both vertically and horizontally in the atmosphere Classified by what type of air mass is replacing another Where most weather takes place

4. Types of Fronts Cold front Warm front Stationary front Occluded front Dry Line front Each represented by these symbols on a weather map

5. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Fronts: Five Types of Fronts 1. Cold Front: The zone where cold air is replacing warmer air In U.S., cold fronts usually move from northwest to southeast Slope of front is steep so warm air forced up abruptly Creates rain and thunderstorms along front Air gets drier after a cold front moves through

6. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Fronts: Five Types of Fronts 2. Warm Front: The zone where warm air is replacing colder air In U.S., warm fronts usually move from southwest to northeast Slope of front is gentle so creates a line of stratus clouds and precipitation Air gets more humid after a warm front moves through

7. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Fronts: Five Types of Fronts 3. Stationary Front: When either a cold or warm front stops moving ( they are in a standoff) Bring several days of cloudy, wet weather that can last a week or more. When the front starts moving again it returns to either being a cold or warm front

8. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Fronts: Five Types of Fronts 4. Occluded Front: Formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front This occurrence usually results in storms over an area In U.S., the colder air usually lies to the west

9. NSF North Mississippi GK-8 Fronts: Five Types of Fronts 5. Dry Line (Dew Point Front): Boundary separating a dry air mass from a moist air mass This occurrence can result in tornadoes being formed Usually found in western part of U.S.

10. New Area of Focus: Fronts

11. Warm Fronts and Cold Fronts are caused by air pressure. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

13. Remember: Cold sinks, warm rises

14. Cold Front: Form where cold air moves towards warm air. – Creates rain storms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

15. Cold Front: Form where cold air moves towards warm air. – Creates rain storms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

16. Cold Front: Form where cold air moves towards warm air. – Creates rain storms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

18. Direction of travel

21. Cold

22. Warm

23. Cold Warm

24. Cold Warm

25. Cold Warm

26. Cold

29. Warm

30. Cold Warm

31. Cold Warm

32. Cold Warm

36. “Honey, I think it’s time to get our stuff together.”

37. Cold Air

38. Warm Air

39. Cold Air Warm Air Rain

41. Video (Optional) Cold Front Time Lapse. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i8zq0UXPLX0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i8zq0UXPLX0

42. Warm Front: Form where warm air moves towards cold air. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

46. Warm

47. Cold

48. Warm Cold

49. Warm Cold

50. Warm Cold

51. Warm

52. Occluded front: When a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it up (Mix) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

53. Occluded front: When a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it up (Mix) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

58. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

59. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

60. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

61. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

62. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

63. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

64. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

65. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

66. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

67. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

68. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

69. Stationary Front: When a cold front and warm front cannot overtake each other (tie) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

70. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

71. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

72. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

73. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

74. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

75. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

76. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

77. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

78. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

79. Please match the name of the front to the picture. – Warm Front, Cold Front, Occluded Front, Stationary Front A B C D

80. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents a warm front? CD B A E F

81. CD B A E F

82. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents a cold front? CD B A E F

83. C D B A E F

84. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents an occluded front? C D B A E F

85. C D B A E F

86. C D B A E F

87. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents a stationary front? C D B A E F

88. C D B A E F

89. C D B A E F

90. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents high pressure? C D B A E F

91. C D B A E F

92. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents low pressure? C D B A E F

93. C D B A E F

94. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents a cyclone? C D B A E F

95. Challenge Activity! Which letter best represents a cyclone? Answer: A C D B A E F

96. C D B A E F Weather map fronts. See more at… http://www.nws.noaa.gov/outlook_tab.php http://www.nws.noaa.gov/outlook_tab.php Weather fronts. Learn more at… http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/At mosphere/front.html http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/At mosphere/front.html

106. Video Link Before Quiz – Weather forecasting, fronts, Isobars and more. – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lITCF3UPVu4 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lITCF3UPVu4

107. Quiz 1-10 Name the Front. Warm, Cold, Occluded, Stationary, Other. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

114. 6

118. Bonus -1 pt for each character (1 minute) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

119. Answers: Name the Front. Warm, Cold, Occluded, Stationary, Other. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

132. 6

133. 6

140. Weather Maps

141. How to read Weather Maps There are weather stations all over the world These stations report on their current weather using symbols This data is plotted and a view of conditions are seen

142. Station Model

143. How to read Temperature Weather conditions Dew point Atmospheric pressure Wind direction and speed

144. Wind Barbs Wind Direction is stated where it is blowing FROM This is blowing from southeast Feathers show how fast blowing – Full feather = 10 knots – Half feather = 5 knots – Little feather = 1 knot

145. Isobars

146. Temperature Maps

147. Isobars ‘iso’ = equal “bars” = barometeric pessure Shows line of equal atmospheric pressure Lines close together = strong winds Lines further apart = gentler winds Generally measured in 4 millibar increments Can also have isotherms on weather maps (measured in 10 degree increments)

148. Wind Directions Low pressure system aka “cyclone” – Winds blow in a counterclockwise direction High pressure system aka “anticyclone” – Winds blow in a clockwise direction