1. Citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Bierl-Leonhardt et al. 1981) Citriculus mealybug Pseudococcus cryptus (Arai et al. 2003) Passionvine mealybug Planococcus minor (Ho et al. 2007) Japanese mealybug Planococcus kraunhiae (Sugie et al. 2008) Comstock mealybug Pseudococcus comstocki (Negishi et al. 1980) Vine mealybug Planococcus ficus (Hinkens et al. 2001) Longitailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus (Millar et al. 2009) Grape mealybug Pseudococcus maritimus (Figadère et al. 2007) Obscure mealybug Pseudococcus viburni (Millar et al. 2005) Madeira mealybug Phenacoccus madeirensis (Ho et al. 2009) Citrophilous mealybug Pseudococcus calceolariae (El-Sayed et al. 2010) Pink hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Zhang et al. 2004) Matsumoto mealybug Crisicoccus matsumotoi (Tabata et al. 2012) Pseudococcinae Phenacoccinae (No common name) Dysmicoccus grassii (De Alfonso et al. 2012) Fig. S1 Electronic Supplementary Material Tabata et al. 2014 Journal of Chemical Ecology Grey pineapple mealybug Dysmicoccus neobrevipes (The present study) Arai T, Sugie H, Hiradate S, Kuwahara S, Itagaki N, Nakahata T (2003) Identification of a sex pheromone component of Pseudococcus cryptus. J Chem Ecol 29:2213–2223 Bierl-Leonhard BA, Moreno DS, Schwarz M, Fargerlund J, Plimmer JR (1981) Isolation, identification, and synthesis of the sex pheromone of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso). Tetrahedron Lett. 22:389–392 De Alfonso I, Hernandez E, Velazquez Y, Navarro I, Primo J (2012) Identification of the sex pheromone of the mealybug Dysmicoccus grassii Leonardi. J Agric Food Chem 60:11959–11964 El-Sayed AM, Unelius CR, Twidle A, Mitchell V, Manning L-A, Cole L, Suckling DM, Flores MF, Zaviezo T, Bergmann J (2010) Chrysanthemyl 2- acetoxy-3-methylbutanoate: the sex pheromone of the citrophilous mealybug, Pseudococcus calceolariae. Tetrahedron Lett 51:1075–1078 Figadère BA, McElfresh JS, Borchardt D, Daane KM, Bentley W, Millar JG (2007) trans-α-Necrodyl isobutyrate, the sex pheromone of the grape mealybug, Pseudococcus maritimus. Tetrahedron Lett 48: 8434–8437 Hinkens DM, McElfresh JS, Millar JG (2001) Identification and synthesis of the sex pheromone of the vine mealybug, Planococcus ficus. Tetrahedron Lett 42:1619–1621 Ho H-Y, Hung C-C, Chuang T-H, Wang W-L (2007) Identification and synthesis of the sex pheromone of the passionvine mealybug, Planococcus minor (Maskell). J Chem Ecol 33:1986–1996 Ho H-Y, Su Y-T, Ko C-H, Tsai M-Y (2009) Identification and synthesis of the sex pheromone of the Madeira mealybug, Phenacoccus madeirensis Green. J Chem Ecol 35:724–732 Millar JG, Midland SL, McElfresh JS, Daane KM (2005) (2,3,4,4- Tetramethylcyclopentyl)methyl acetate, a sex pheromone from the obscure mealybug: first example of a new structural class of monoterpenes. J Chem Ecol 31:2999–3005 Millar JG., Moreira JA, McElfresh JS, Daane KM, Freund AS (2009) Sex pheromone of the longtailed mealybug: a new class of monoterpene structure. Org Lett 11:2683–2685 Negishi T, Uchida M, Tamaki Y, Mori K, Ishiwatari T, Asano S, Nakagawa K (1980) Sex pheromone of the comstock mealybug, Pseudococcus comstocki Kuwana: isolation and identification. Appl Entomol Zool 15:328– 333 Sugie H, Teshiba M, Narai Y, Tsutsumi T, Sawamura N, Tabata J, Hiradate S (2008) Identification of a sex pheromone component of the Japanese mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae (Kuwana). Appl Entomol Zool 43:369–375 Tabata J, Narai Y, Sawamura N, Hiradate S, Sugie H (2012) A new class of mealybug pheromones: a hemiterpene ester in the sex pheromone of Crisicoccus matsumotoi. Naturwissenschaften 99:567–574 Zhang A, Amalin D, Shirali S, Serrano MS, Franqui RA, Oliver JE, Klun JA, Aldrich JR, Meyerdirk DE, Lapointe SL (2004) Sex pheromone of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, contains an unusual cyclobutanoid monoterpene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:9601–9606