1. APELL Bahía Blanca Fourteen -Years Experience in Technological Risk Management Lessons from APELL implementation on the ground APELL Bahía Blanca Fourteen -Years Experience in Technological Risk Management Lessons from APELL implementation on the ground ING. NESTOR SPOSITO DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter Vicepresident DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter Vicepresident PROCESO APELL BAHIA BLANCA Coordinator UNEP/Bs.As. Province. ING. NESTOR SPOSITO DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter Vicepresident DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter Vicepresident PROCESO APELL BAHIA BLANCA Coordinator UNEP/Bs.As. Province. National Dissemination Workshop Sept 13 -14 -2010 Beidaihe- CHINA

2. 700 Km.SW Bs.Aires >300M Population APELL Bahía Blanca

3. APELL Process Area Profertil 200 m HDPE 200 m LHC2 500 m 900 m 1200 m 1800 m LHC1 APELL Bahía Blanca

4. APELL Process Area APELL Bahía Blanca

5. APELL Process Area Kindergartens Primary Schools High Schools Clubs Scouts Child Homes Hospital Critical Group of people APELL Bahía Blanca

6. Aerial photography of industrial area Profertil NH3 - Urea Profertil NH3 - Urea Mega Ethane Mega Ethane Solvay Indupa Chlorine Solvay Indupa Chlorine DOW Ethylene HD/LD/LLD Polyethylene DOW Ethylene HD/LD/LLD Polyethylene TGS Propane - Butane TGS Propane - Butane DOW Barge HD/LD/LLD Polyethylene DOW Barge HD/LD/LLD Polyethylene

7. Closest Town Houses: 3600 Population: 14000

8. Closest Neighborhood Houses: 1200 Population: 5000

9. Background Begun in March 1996. UNEP Assistance.Begun in March 1996. UNEP Assistance. First and pilot experience for Argentina.First and pilot experience for Argentina. Community wants to know “What to do and How to do it” in the case of an accident.Community wants to know “What to do and How to do it” in the case of an accident. APELL Bahía Blanca

10. Background Strong commitment from Local Authorities and some Industrial leaders.Strong commitment from Local Authorities and some Industrial leaders. The chlorine and ammonia leaks in August 2000 impacted in the development of the APELL PROCESS.The chlorine and ammonia leaks in August 2000 impacted in the development of the APELL PROCESS. APELL Bahía Blanca

11. ORGANIZATION COORDINATION TEAM EXECUTIVE TEAM Risk Evaluation and Analysis Emergency Preparedness and Response Awareness and Communication State Coordinator / UNEP Ing. N Spósito Operative Coordinator Awareness and Communications Administrative team After 2000 APELL Bahía Blanca

12. APELL Bahía Blanca Three working commissions Risk Evaluation and Analysis (REAC) Emergency Preparedness and Response Emergency Preparedness and Response Community Awareness and Communications Community Awareness and Communications APELL Bahía Blanca

13. Consequence Analysis Objective: determine the potential for damage or injury from specific technological accidents Steps: Hazard identification Hazard identification Scenario definition Scenario definition Incident outcomes enumeration Incident outcomes enumeration Exposure criteria definition Exposure criteria definition Consequence estimation Consequence estimation Hazard zones definition Hazard zones definition APELL Bahía Blanca Results APELL Bahía Blanca

14. Incident Outcome Enumeration APELL Bahía Blanca Results Event Physical effect outcome Fire Thermal radiation Jet fire Immediate and retarded pool fire /Fireball Explosion Overpressure and projectiles Unconfined vapor cloud explosion Toxic dispersion Toxic dose Dense and neutral gas dispersion APELL Bahía Blanca

15. Exposure Criteria Definition Control Zones: Intervention zone: Intervention zone: Consequences of accidents produce a level of harm that justifies the immediate application of protective actions. Alert zone: Alert zone: Consequences of accidents produce effects that, although perceptible by the population, do not justify the intervention except for critical groups of people APELL Bahía Blanca Results APELL Bahía Blanca

16. Exposure Criteria Definition APELL Bahía Blanca Results EventAlert ZoneIntervention Zone Fire 1.6 kw/m 2 4 kw/m 2 Explosion 35 mbar 170 mbar Toxic dispersion AEGL 1 AEGL 2 APELL Bahía Blanca

17. Consequence Estimation APELL Bahía Blanca Results: REAC More than 200 scenarios simulated : Ammonia, ethane, ethylene, butane, propane, hydrogen chloride, vinyl chloride monomer, propylene and nitrogen tanks and spheres. Ammonia, ethane, ethylene, butane, propane, hydrogen chloride, vinyl chloride monomer, propylene and nitrogen tanks and spheres. natural gas and chlorine pipelines. natural gas and chlorine pipelines. butane and propane trucks. butane and propane trucks. Bahía Blanca APELL

18. Thermal Radiation Intervention Zone Alert Zone Consequence Analysis APELL Bahía Blanca Results Intervention Zone Alert Zone APELL Bahía Blanca

19. Overpressure ‘’ ‘’ Intervention Zone Alert Zone Consequence Analysis APELL Bahía Blanca Results APELL Bahía Blanca

20. Intervention Zone Alert Zone Toxic dose Consequence Analysis APELL Bahía Blanca Results COMISION DE EVALUACION Y PROCESO APELL APELL Bahía Blanca

21. Information content in CAMEO/MARPLOT 65 Facilities that store chemical products (including gasoline station).65 Facilities that store chemical products (including gasoline station).65 Facilities that store chemical products65 Facilities that store chemical products 119 Chemical substances stored in different facilities.119 Chemical substances stored in different facilities. 213 Places of storage.213 Places of storage. 310 Special Locations.310 Special Locations. 151 Resources to attend emergencies.151 Resources to attend emergencies. 535 Water Hydrants.535 Water Hydrants.535 Water Hydrants.535 Water Hydrants. 6 Layers Containing the Plant’s drawings.6 Layers Containing the Plant’s drawings.6 Layers Containing the Plant’s drawings.6 Layers Containing the Plant’s drawings. Spanish Response Emergency Information CAMEO.Spanish Response Emergency Information CAMEO.Spanish Response Emergency Information CAMEO.Spanish Response Emergency Information CAMEO. The information in CAMEO is Linked in MARPLOTThe information in CAMEO is Linked in MARPLOT APELL Bahía Blanca

22. Case Study Chlorine & Ammonia Release in the Petrochemical Complex August 2000 APELL Bahía Blanca

23. Environmental Crisis Chronology 20/8There is a chlorine leak in Solvay Indupa.chlorine leak 23/8Neighbors demands the eradication of the company. The plant is closed.the eradication of the company 24/8Neighbors block the access to the COMPLETE complex.Neighbors block the access 28/8Two ammoniac leaks in Profertil. Almost a hundred people need first aid at the local hospital. A school and a kindergarden are evacuated.ammoniac leaks in ProfertilA school and a kindergarden 29/8Parents don’t send children to schools in Ing White, until their safety will be guarantee. 29/9Community block the access to the Petrochemical Park. 20/10The authorities allow the plants to start their operations in order to do the audits demanded by the neighbors. APELL Bahía Blanca

24. APELL APELL Process Bahía Blanca “Working Together for the Community” Lessons from APELL implementation on the ground APELL Step 10: Educating the General Community on the Integrated Emergency Response Plan

25. The court of Public Opinion Low credibility “ Industry and governments don’t care about our concerns”. “Companies don’t understand all the risks to people and the environment” “Industry cares more about money than people’s health ” APELL

26. The court of Public Opinion High Concern “This is going to make us ill, isn’t it? We might even die.” “The environment can’t take any more” “We don’t need more study, we need more action!” APELL

27. Training about self protection measures in emergency situations. Shelter in place plan. Shelter in place plan. Emergency roles. Emergency roles. Use of the confinement kit during the scheduled drills. Use of the confinement kit during the scheduled drills. APELL APELL Step 10: Educating the General Community on the Integrated Emergency Response Plan

28. NFPA “Learn Not to Burn” Program Over 700 children between 3 and 5 years of age are trained every year. More than 15000 including B. Blanca area. Eight fire protection key behaviors were taught. Bahía Blanca APELL APELL Step 10: Educating the General Community on the Integrated Emergency Response Plan

29. Bahía Blanca New Strategies: Awareness raising campaigns made in public transportation vehicles (actors). Theater plays used as teaching aid to present APELL and self-protection concepts. Puppets/Marionettes shows as teaching aid to present APELL and self-protection concepts for kindergarten Children. APELL APELL Step 10: Educating the General Community on the Integrated Emergency Response Plan

30. APELL Bahía Blanca Technological Emergency Response Plan Training Plan 2010-2011 A critical element in effective community emergency response is educating the public what to do during an emergency, where to turn for additional information, and how and when evacuate or shelter in place, if necessary

31. APELL Bahía Blanca Technological Emergency Response Plan Training Plan 2010-2011 Goals Raise Awareness and Prepare the Community. Systematic and rigorous methodologySystematic and rigorous methodology. Improve Response Team Preparedness. Use Training Plan as communication tool.Use Training Plan as communication tool. Reinforce information about APELL Process showing one of the most important deliverables. Give briefly knowledge about Risk / Consequence Assessment.

32. APELL Bahía Blanca Methodology We have prepared special training kit We have prepared special training kit Power Point presentations Handout with TERP content Standard Emergency Response brochure for distribution to all residents within potential affected area Special Video made at the end of 2009 for Educating and Raise Awareness the General Community Special Video made at the end of 2009 for Educating and Raise Awareness the General Community Special Video made at the end of 2009 for Educating and Raise Awareness the General Community Technological Emergency Response Plan Training Plan 2010-2011

33. APELL Bahía BlancaSCOPE Nro. Trainings People Involved People Involved Training Hours Man Hours % Community Organizations 161000330009 Companies12600318005 Responders5015005750021 Educational Organizations 72760032280065 TOTAL15010700 35100100 Technological Emergency Response Plan Training Plan 2010-2011

34. APELL Bahía Blanca Technological Emergency Response Plan Training Plan 2010-2011

35. APELL Bahía Blanca DistributionDistribution Technological Emergency Response Plan Training Plan 2010-2011

36. Development of Bahia Blanca’s Technological Emergency Response Plan (TERP) Continuous Improvement through Testing and Exercises Development of Bahia Blanca’s Technological Emergency Response Plan (TERP) Continuous Improvement through Testing and Exercises ING. NESTOR SPOSITO DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter President DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter President BAHIA BLANCA APELL PROCESS Coordinator UNEP/Bs.As. Province. ING. NESTOR SPOSITO DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter President DOW ARGENTINA Argentina NFPA Chapter President BAHIA BLANCA APELL PROCESS Coordinator UNEP/Bs.As. Province. Bahía Blanca APELL

37. APELL Bahía Blanca Results: EPRC The Technological Emergency Response Plan (TERP) Rev. #9. The Technological Emergency Response Plan (TERP) Rev. #9. (TERP) Rev. #9. (TERP) Rev. #9. Emergency drills. Emergency drills. TERP Operating Procedures. TERP Operating Procedures. Two community sirens at Ing. White area. Two community sirens at Ing. White area. A HAZMAT Group with specific training for firemen A HAZMAT Group with specific training for firemen APELL

38. Agreement between Bahía Blanca APELL Process / NFPA Argentina Chapter / IRAM /NFPA. Alignment with Standard IRAM- NFPA 1600 Technological Emergency Response Plan “TERP” - Revision Nº 9 – 2009 APELL Bahía Blanca

39. Agreement between Bahía Blanca APELL Process / NFPA Argentina Chapter / IRAM /NFPA. VISION To update TERP, one of the most important deliverable from APELL Process, according to International Standard and obtain external audit/support to guarantee the quality of the TERP and increase confidence in community, stakeholders, local authorities about the job done by BAHIA BLANCA APELL Process. APELL Bahía Blanca

40. Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 November 2008 Workshop with APELL Process Emergency Response Committee.November 2008 Workshop with APELL Process Emergency Response Committee.November 2008 Workshop November 2008 Workshop How to implement standard NFPA 1600 by Dr. Dean Larson member NFPA 1600 Technical Committee.How to implement standard NFPA 1600 by Dr. Dean Larson member NFPA 1600 Technical Committee. How to prepare exercises according to NFPA 1600. Dr Larson.How to prepare exercises according to NFPA 1600. Dr Larson. Dr Larson recommendation in order to achieve the goal that TERP accomplish NFPA 1600. Dr Larson recommendation in order to achieve the goal that TERP accomplish NFPA 1600. People Involved:People Involved: 22 Members of the Emergency Response Commission 22 Members of the Emergency Response Commission 66 Man-Hours 66 Man-Hours APELL

41. Bahía Blanca Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 DOW Training Center

42. APELL Bahía Blanca Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 Oct. 2009-Full Scale Exercise TGS S.A. site. Aerial view

43. APELL Bahía Blanca Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 Oct. 2009-Full Scale Exercise- General Meeting Desired Outcome Final report about status /conclusions TERP updated Final report about status /conclusions TERP updated Dr. Dean Larson visit to B. Blanca.Dr. Dean Larson visit to B. Blanca. Status Status Job done with Dr Larson in the last year.Job done with Dr Larson in the last year. Activities before, during and after full scale exercises.Activities before, during and after full scale exercises.

44. APELL Bahía Blanca Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 Oct. 2009-Full Scale Exercise- General Meeting Desired Outcome Full Scale Exercise organization and development. Roles for APELL’S Process B.Bca members.Full Scale Exercise organization and development. Roles for APELL’S Process B.Bca members. Step by step full scale exercise.Step by step full scale exercise. Raising awareness in the community trough this exercise.Raising awareness in the community trough this exercise. Plan Information and public reporting before, during and after exercise. Plan Information and public reporting before, during and after exercise. Closure Report after exercise Closure Report after exercise

45. APELL Bahía Blanca Summary Table ACTIVITYQUANTITY PEOPLE INVOLVED MAN HOURS INVESTMENT U$S MEETINGS12128256 TRAININGS42008001000 EXERCISES242016807000 TOTAL18 74827368000 Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600

46. APELL Bahía Blanca Summary Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 Oct. 2009-Full Scale Exercise

47. APELL Bahía Blanca Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 Conclusion-Learning Lessons Increase level of participation in the APELL Process of :Increase level of participation in the APELL Process of : Preparedness and Emergency Committee.Preparedness and Emergency Committee. Other Committees members.Other Committees members. Coordination Group.Coordination Group. Let the Process have a external view /opinion about PRET quality. Let the Process have a external view /opinion about PRET quality. Have a standardized and more efficient proof procedure to update PRET and prepare drills/exercises in the future.Have a standardized and more efficient proof procedure to update PRET and prepare drills/exercises in the future.

48. APELL Bahía Blanca Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 Conclusions-Learning Lessons Improve self-confidence and Community /Local Authorities/Industries confidence about PRET quality.Improve self-confidence and Community /Local Authorities/Industries confidence about PRET quality. Improve self-confidence and Community /Local Authorities/Industries confidence about job done in the APELL PROCESS.Improve self-confidence and Community /Local Authorities/Industries confidence about job done in the APELL PROCESS. Raising community and stakeholders Awareness and Communication during updating process. Raising community and stakeholders Awareness and Communication during updating process.

49. Relationship APELL Process Bahia Blanca, IRAM, NFPA, the Argentina NFPA Chapter and NFPA Technical Committee on Emergency Management and Business Continuity is a model for other relationships that cross political and cultural boundaries because all involved are committed to preparedness for the unknown, professional preparedness that meets world class standards. Relationship APELL Process Bahia Blanca, IRAM, NFPA, the Argentina NFPA Chapter and NFPA Technical Committee on Emergency Management and Business Continuity is a model for other relationships that cross political and cultural boundaries because all involved are committed to preparedness for the unknown, professional preparedness that meets world class standards. This model and Bahia Blanca APELL Process learning lesson was presented by Dr. Larson and Ing. Spósito in the 2010 Las Vegas NFPA Congress This model and Bahia Blanca APELL Process learning lesson was presented by Dr. Larson and Ing. Spósito in the 2010 Las Vegas NFPA Congress APELL Alignment with Standard NFPA 1600 Conclusions-Model of Cooperative Initiative

50. Exercises-Drills-Full Scale Exercises Be prepared to find mistakes/ improvement areas Be prepared to find mistakes/ improvement areas Better to have errors in a exercise instead of in a real emergency.. Better to have errors in a exercise instead of in a real emergency.. Exercises are very important as learning process. Exercises are very important as learning process. APELL

51. Before Thinks in Drills/Full Scale Complete Risk Assessment. Complete Risk Assessment. Complete Emergency Response Planning. Complete Emergency Response Planning. Training-Training- Training Training-Training- Training Remember Remember Nobody does what one do not knows or what one is not taught APELL VIDEO

52. KEY LEARNING EXPERIENCES BENEFITS OF THE APELL PROCESS Mainly for Local Authorities/Community Complete Risk Study for the Industrial Area (unique in the country).Complete Risk Study for the Industrial Area (unique in the country).Risk StudyRisk Study The Community Emergency Response Plan (TERP).The Community Emergency Response Plan (TERP). TERP is being updated once a year.TERP is being updated once a year. The last updating according to NFPA 1600. The last updating according to NFPA 1600. Drills/full scale exercises every year different scenarios.Drills/full scale exercises every year different scenarios. APELL Bahía Blanca

53. KEY LEARNING EXPERIENCES BENEFITS OF THE APELL PROCESS Mainly for Local Authorities/CommunityMainly for Local Authorities/Community HAZMAT Equipment and training for the First Responders paid by Industries..HAZMAT Equipment and training for the First Responders paid by Industries.. 2 last tech. community siren were installed in the near town paid by Industries.2 last tech. community siren were installed in the near town paid by Industries. Selection and preparation for shelter-in-place at schools, community centers, sport clubs.Selection and preparation for shelter-in-place at schools, community centers, sport clubs. Educating the public what to do during an emergency. Educating the public what to do during an emergency. Budget for support all this activities 70% paid by industries.Budget for support all this activities 70% paid by industries. APELL Bahía Blanca

54. KEY LEARNING EXPERIENCES BENEFITS OF THE APELL PROCESS Develop a powerful and friendly tool for PPR (CAMEO- MARPLOT).Develop a powerful and friendly tool for PPR (CAMEO- MARPLOT). Cooperation agreements with academic and NGOs of international reputation ( NFPA, University).Cooperation agreements with academic and NGOs of international reputation ( NFPA, University). Allowed the industries to improve the relationship with local authorities and community organizations.Allowed the industries to improve the relationship with local authorities and community organizations. Training in APELL Process and Self-ProtectionTraining in APELL Process and Self-Protection APELL Bahía Blanca

55. The next Ten Years ……  Extending this experience, with the support of Bahia Blanca, to other cities in the country according to an ambitious program that included other industrial sites  Implementation of additional UNEP tools in Bahía Blanca to deal with risks like APELL PORT and Trans APELL and APELL MULTIHAZARD APELL Bahía Blanca VIDEO APELL BAHIA BLANCA VIDEO APELL BAHIA BLANCA TGS Drill Video.

56. Challengers …… Finally, it is important to highlight that in Argentina like in others countries in Latin America, there is no national legislation covering awareness and preparedness for technological accidents. For this reason it would be useful to take advantage of this experience in which a voluntary local plan is organized with the participation of government authorities, industries and community APELL Bahía Blanca

57. nspósito@dow.comnspósito@dow.com