2. Whither global governance? 1

3. FAITH & DOUBT HOPE & FEAR 2

4. Religion and Science RELIGION & SCIENCE both respond to mystery *Important questions* lead us to both religion and science Paul Tillich, The Dynamics of Faith, p24 (HarperOne 2001): Doubt “is always present as an element in the structure of faith.” Religion: –In spite of all doubts, we have faith Science: –In spite of all evidence, we have doubt So religion vs. science is *not* about “faith vs. proof” But faith vs. skepticism Science offers no end; religion offers faith Both values are important: –Science good for pushing for more progress –Religion good for addressing all of science’s failures 3

5. Applying our IO lessons to your lives In science, we have the luxury of continuous doubt In religion, we have the luxury of faith In policy-making, there are no luxuries You’ll need evidence, skepticism, and faith! 4

6. Whither Global Governance? 5

7. One Love “Let’s get together to fight this Armageddon so when the man comes there will be no doom” Practical lesson: Cooperation results from “Armageddons” …hopefully to avoid the next one! 6

8. 1929 vs. 2008 http://alltta.wordpress.com/2009/03/05/comparing-the-dow-jones-1929-1930-with-2008-2009/ http://alltta.wordpress.com/2009/03/05/comparing-the-dow-jones-1929-1930-with-2008-2009/ 7

9. Is this a “Bretton Woods” Moment? 8

10. Treaty of Versailles (1919–20): League of Nations Keynes begins discussions on an “international loan” 1918 Stock Market Crash! World War II (1939-45) United Nations (1945) Bretton Woods: IMF/World Bank (1944) GATT: 1947 Smoot-Hawley (1930)  Beggar-thy-neighbor 1944 15 years from crash to institutional solutions… 1929 9

11. Latin American Debt Crisis (1982) 1980 Tequila Crisis (1995) 2008 Financial Crisis “Bretton Woods” moment… 2023?... Or beyond? East Asian Financial Crisis (1997-1999) 2023? Lay out architecture now, so we’re ready when it comes… 200819902000 10

12. Think Big about Global Governance! 11

13. Regionalism before globalism? 12

14. Is regionalism our future? Customs Unions: A real sacrifice of sovereignty Common tariff policy with rest of the world 13

15. Currency Union: Sacrifice of monetary policy 14

16. Baby steps Asia –Asian Development Bank –ASEAN + 3 –Chiang Mai Initiative –Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) North America –NAFTA 15

17. 16

18. Main IO take-away from the class: Narrow and deep  Broad and deep may be more effective than Broad and shallow  Broad and deep 17

19. Think big about global governance changes We’re part of an ongoing global conversation New multi-polar world 18

20. Faith… Distributions And what you’re doing to shape yours… 19

21. Typical “uniform” or rectangular distribution (histogram) Frequency PoorLow- income Lower- middle MiddleUpper- middle High- income Rich 20

22. Typical symmetrical distribution (histogram) Frequency PoorLow- income Lower- middle MiddleUpper- middle High- income Rich 21

23. 22 INCOME? SUCCESS? HAPPINESS?

24. 23

25. 24

26. What are you doing in college? 25

27. Implicit throughout the class Theory –Philosophy (from ancient to modern thinkers) –Logic (game theory) Empirics –Data (qualitative, quantitative) History Statistics 26

28. To understand international relations You need a broad liberal arts education 27

29. Undergraduate education & the 3 r’s readin’ ’ritin’ ’rithmetic Broad education… 28

30. Skills Become well-read Learn to write well Learn statistics Learn a foreign language (fluent!) 29

31. Breadth of undergraduate education & life opportunities Breadth of undergraduate education Life opportunities 30

32. Graduate school is different (not harder) Fewer hours in class, more hours studying Greater opportunity costs Grades not important Be focused! Statement of purpose 31

33. Writing First sentence – most important! Organize your argument into sections –What is the question? –What is your answer (or what is the debate)? –What is your methodology? –What is your evidence? –Why should we care? Lay this out in the 1 st para Return to each in its own section (paper outline): 1.Background literature 2.Your theory/argument 3.Method 4.Evidence 5.The intro/conclusion should answer the “so what” question 32

34. Relationships Letter of recommendation Network of friends –@ Georgetown –Amazing 33

35. Next step: “What are you going to do when you graduate?” = “How are you doing?” = “Hello” I.e., well intentioned but vacuous question Don’t let it bring you down! No one knows @ 22 what life will present them 34

36. What do we know? 35

37. Distribution of opportunities before education 36

38. Distribution of opportunities after education 37

39. You have bright futures 38

40. YOU ARE GEORGETOWN! Privilege Thank you 39

41. Thank you WE ARE GLOBAL GEORGETOWN! 40