1. DISCURSIVE WRITING PART 2 STRUCTURAL AND TEXTUAL FEATURES RHETORICAL DEVICES

2. TEXTUAL FEATURES (The Words you Use) Provocative Introduction to topic Appropriate Tone Use of Strong or emotional words “Big” vocabulary Variety in sentence openers Connectors/Linking Words Consideration of BOTH SIDES of the issue Rhetorical Devices

3. STRUCTURAL FEATURES (How it looks) Introduction Topic sentences Logical structure of ideas Variation in sentence lengths Rhetorical Questions Variety in punctuation Rhetorical Devices Conclusion which sums up and evaluates the topic.

4. RHETORICAL DEVICES Rhetoric means “the ability to use language effectively” and includes the following devices:

5. Rhetorical Questions Emotive Language Parallel Structures Sound Patterns Contrast Descriptions and Imagery The Rule of Three Repetition Hyperbole Anecdote

6. Rhetorical Devices: (Write this down!!!) Try to use: Rhetorical Questions: Can you really expect science to progress without animal research?

7. Emotive Language Imagine being cast out into the street, cold, lonely, frightened and hungry.

8. Parallel Structures To show kindness is praiseworthy, to show hatred is evil, to show patience is strength

9. Sound Patterns e.g. Alliteration and Assonance Callous, calculating and cruel scientist keep torturing and cutting animals.

10. Contrast e.g. Opposing ideas in one line (oxymoron) Sometimes we have to be cruel to be kind.

11. Descriptions and Imagery e.g. Metaphors, simile and personification While we wait and do nothing, we must not forget that the fuse is already burning.. and the explosion will be huge.

12. The Rule of Three (or “Three Part List”) We fight for freedom, human rights and happiness. It is cruel, unnatural and intolerable. We need to stop, listen and learn.

13. Repetition Evil minds will do evil things with evil outcomes. It is a horrendous act with horrendous consequences.

14. Hyperbole The whole world holds its breath waiting for Obama to make a decision.

15. Anecdotes I remember when I was young, there were certain social expectations regarding….

16. TOMORROW … YOU WILL BE TESTED ON THESE RHETORICAL DEVICES