1. Historic Supreme Court Cases Review

2. 1. Slaves could not sue in federal courts because they were considered property and not citizens. Congress could not force new states to be slave or free states it was a reserved power. Constitutional Issue: Reserved powers

3. 2. Freedom of Speech could be limited during times of war if it presented a “clear and present danger” to the country. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of speech

4. 3. Outlawed prayer in public schools because they violated the establishment clause. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of religion

5. 4. School attendance laws violated freedom of religion by forcing Amish citizens to learn against their wills. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of religion

6. 5. The death penalty is constitutional if it is used for a crime that fits the penalty and factors other than race should be used. Constitutional Issue: 8 th amendment; cruel and unusual punishment.

7. 6. The death penalty is unconstitutional if it can not be proven that factors other than race were used. Constitutional Issue: 8 th amendment; cruel and unusual punishment

8. 7. This case ruled that the judicial branch had the power to review a law to see if it was constitutional (judicial review) The constitutional issue: Judicial Review

9. 8. Affirmative Action is constitutional for college admissions as long as race is not the only factor used for admission Constitutional Issue: 14 th amendment; equal protection of the law

10. 9. Law officials must notify accused persons of their rights when they are taken into custody. Constitutional Issue: 5 th amendment; self- incrimination.

11. 10. Declared that state laws requiring the separation of races was constitutional as long as the states provided “separate but equal” facilities. Constitutional Issue: Reserved Powers

12. 11. Evidence obtained by law officials in “good faith” is still admissible (usable) in court even if a search warrant shouldn’t have been issued. Constitutional Issue: 4 th amendment – searches and seizures

13. 12. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and therefore outlawed segregation in public schools. Constitutional Issue: 14 th amendment; equal protection of the laws.

14. 13. State governments can not tax an agency of the federal government and the national bank is constitutional. Constitutional Issue: Supremacy Clause

15. 14. School officials only have to have “reasonable cause” to search students suspected of crimes on school grounds and do not need a search warrant to do so. Constitutional Issue: 4 th amendment; searches and seizures

16. 15. Student’s rights to freedom of speech can not be limited when they do not disrupt the learning process in schools. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of expression

17. 16. States can not regulate interstate trade because it is a power given to the federal government by the Constitution. Constitutional Issue: Expressed powers, Supremacy Clause

18. 17. Flag burning was constitutionally protected as a means of free expression. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of expression.

19. 18. Freedom of assembly could not be dismissed as disturbing the peace in order to break-up a protest. 1 st amendment; freedom of assembly.

20. 19.States did not have to provide an attorney in criminal cases unless the accused person was on trial for a capital crime or there were special circumstances, such as illiteracy. Constitutional Issue: 6 th amendment, right to an attorney

21. 20. Freedom of religion was constitutionally protected, but religious practices could not break the law. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of religion.

22. 21. The government can not limit freedom of the press for information that was given to newspapers voluntarily, if it does not violate national security. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of press

23. 22. The government could limit the freedom of citizens during times of war. Therefore the prison camps for Japanese Americans did not violate the Constitution. Constitutional Issue: 5 th and 6 th amendments; Expressed powers

24. 23. State laws barring abortion are unconstitutional that ban abortions prior to the time that the baby can live without the mother. Constitutional Issue: 9 th amendment; right to privacy.

25. 24. States must follow the fourth amendment when gathering evidence and upheld the “exclusionary rule”, that evidence obtained illegally is not admissible in court. Constitutional Issue: 4 th amendment; searches and seizures

26. 25. The president can not use “executive privilege” to protect himself, but only for matters that affect national security. Constitutional Issue: Checks and Balances

27. 26. Law officials not only had to have a search warrant to enter a home, but evidence obtained without a warrant was inadmissible in court, the “exclusionary rule” Constitutional Issue: 4 th amendment; exclusionary rule.

28. 27. States must provide an attorney in all criminal cases even if the accused can not afford one. Constitutional Issue: 6 th amendment; right to an attorney.

29. 28. Schools do not violate the first amendment by controlling the content of school newspapers. 1 st amendment; freedom of the press

30. 29. Students freedom of speech can be limited at school if it causes a disruption and when needed. Constitutional Issue: 1 st amendment; freedom of speech

31. 1. Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857) upload.wikimedia.orgwww.phschool.com

32. 2. Schenk v. United States (1919) www.cartoonstock.com www.airforce-magazine.com

33. 3. Engel v. Vitale (1962) www2.maxwell.syr.edu www.mindspring.com

34. 4. Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) www.afterimage.com/tice1snowl.jpg fairhillchristianschool.org

35. 5. Gregg v. Georgia (1976) whiteesworkshop.com/images/electric_c hair.bmp methink.files.wordpress.com/2007/11/ death-pen...

36. 6. Furman v. Georgia (1972) http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/T5OSZT gPf9K www.hrdc.net

37. 7. Marbury v. Madison (1803) http://knowledgenews.net/moxie/moxiepix/a1175.jpg

38. 8. Univ. of California v. Bakke (1978) http://blogs.cqpolitics.com/trailmix/affirmati ve%20action%20cartoon.jpg http://www.landmarkcases.org/bakke/imag es/clown_cartoon.gif

39. 9. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) http://www.stus.com/images/products/cpr 0019.gif http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.billofrightsinstitute.org/dnn/images/ crimpro/cartoon3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.billofrightsinstitute.org/dnn/quiz/crimpro/cart oon.htm&h=329&w=289&sz=19&hl=en&start=8&usg=__Uc02gEIRq9ZRdFkj8vkOFCO P21o=&tbnid=Y6ej5CQAsjFXcM:&tbnh=119&tbnw=105&prev=/images%3Fq%3DGideo n%2Bv.%2BWainwright%26gbv%3D2%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive

40. 10. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/we blect/lec02/plessy2.jpg http://www- tc.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/antebel lum/images/plessy.jpg

41. 11. U.S. v. Leon (1984) http://www.stus.com/images/products/ cpr0038.gif http://www.stus.com/images/products /cpr0033.gif

42. 12. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) http://www.stus.com/images/products/co n0002.gif www.library.uiuc.edu/edx/brown_image.jpg

43. 13. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) www.upgradetravelbetter.com/.../09/mo ney.jpg www.route50.com

44. 14. New Jersey v. TLO (1985) http:// www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2007/march2007 /march2007leb_img_23.jpg http://www.fbi.gov/publications/leb/2007/march2007/march2007leb_img_24.jpg

45. 15. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) schema-root.org/region/americas/north_america arun.ampli5.org/.../02/college-discipline.jpg

46. 16. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) http://www.stus.com/images/products/con0072.gifhttp://www.stus.com/images/products/con0087.gif

47. 17. Texas v. Johnson (1989) http://ecx.images- amazon.com/images/I/51PP33KCVVL._SL500_AA240_.jpg http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/fall01/gause/TvJ.jpg

48. 18. Gregory v. Chicago (1969) http://www.morningstarportland.org/images/library/dick_gregory_photo.jpghttp://www.elcivics.com/images/rights-freedom-of-assembly.jpg

49. 19. Betts v. Brady (1942) http://www.stus.com/images/products/cpr0076.gifhttp://www.stus.com/images/products/cpr0001.gif

50. 20. Reynolds v. U.S. (1879) http://i57.photobucket.com/albums/g234/Andrightlyso/polygamy.gif http://www.duhaime.org/Portals/duhaime/images/polygamy.jpg

51. 21. NY Times v. U.S. (1971) http://www.topsecretplay.org/images/courtsimage002.jpg

52. 22. Korematsu v. U.S. (1944) http://jdhilmer.com/Brandon/images/korematsu.gif http://www.oac.cdlib.org/affiliates/images/casjhsj/kt3q2nc5sd/hi-res/SVHO2004-0811.jpg

53. 23. Roe v. Wade (1973) http://www.jaxnow.org/images/Roe_v_Wade1.jpg http://rlv.zazzle.com/i_survived_roe_vs_wade_shirt- p2353865425706027958bx_400.jpg

54. 24. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) http://www.stus.com/images/products/cpr0015.gifhttp://www.claybennett.com/images/archivetoons2/donut.jpg

55. 25. U.S. v. Nixon (1974) allsupremecourtcases.com/i/scc/img0083.jpg http://www.stus.com/images/products/con0092.gif

56. 26. Weeks v. United States (1914) http://www.stus.com/images/products/cpr0033.gif http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/mba/lowres/mban2094l.jpg

57. 27. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) http://www.stus.com/images/products/cpr0012.gif http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/images/gideon.jpg

58. 28. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988) http://www.stus.com/images/products/con0063.gif http://www.jideas.org/images/HazelwoodSpectrum.gif

59. 29. Bethel v. Fraser (1986) http://www.mylifetime.com/files/images/sex%20shirt%20scandal.jpghttp://img.timeinc.net/time/daily/2007/0705/lschoolsuits_0521.jpg