1. CONVERGENCE OF EXTENSION EFFORTS BELOW OF THE DISTRICT/BLOCKS WITH FOCUS ON PPPs V. V. SADAMATE AGRIL. CONVERGENCE EXPERT, PIU, WORLD BANK PROJECT 1

2. POLICY FOCUS XII th Plan ….Calls for Faster More Inclusive and Sustainable growth Enhanced investments in agril and allied sectors Growth Target 4% in XIIth Plan against achievement of 3.3% of XIth Plan 2

3. CHALLENGES IN AGRIL & AND ALLIED SECTORS….in the Context of Conv. Small and Marginal account for 83% Average land holding reduced to 1.3 ha 60% Area would continue to be rainfed Land, water, soil health and biodiversity resources shrinking 65-70% of animal wealth including small ruminants is with the small holders and land less labourers 3

4. CHALLENGES in the Context of Conv….contd Regional imbalances and low productivity in potential sectors Extension services are either weak or missing in allied sectors and not able to effectively reach small and marginal farmers. Serious concerns on Marketing linkages Strengths of Convergence and PPPs are yet to be fully realized 4

5. PERFORMANCE OVER PLANS (i)Declining GDP,(ii)dependence level same,(iii) Calls for more inclusive growth PLANSHARE OF AGRIL.GDP IN ECONOMY AVERAGE ANNUAL GROWTH TOTAL ECONOMY IX th FYP23.4%2.5%5.7 Xth FYP19.0%2.4%7.6 XI th FYP14.2%3.3%7.9 5

6. STRATEGIC PROGRAMMES IN XII PLAN Missions : NFSM,NHM,NMOSOP,NMAE&T,NMSA RKVY NDP/National Live Stock Mission Consortia Research Platforms Frontline Extension/ Field Extension MNREGA/IWMP/Neeranchal/NRLM BRGF Green India Mission 6

7. SUBSTANTIAL INCREASE IN INVESTMETNS SECTORXI TH PLAN (2007-8 Prices )-Rs in CRS XII TH PLAN RS IN CRS DAC41,33771,500 DARE12,58825,553 DAHD&F8,17414,179 RKVY25,00063,246 STATES1,11,8242,50,721 TOTAL1,98,9234,25,199 7

8. MAJOR STRATEGIES IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT Technology generation and its dissemination Efficient use of land and water resources Enhancing productivity..crops, fish and L stock resources ….judicious/timely use of inputs Farmer Empowerment & Inclusive Growth HRD of farmers and functionaries 8

9. MAJOR STRATEGIES ….Contd Enhanced Investments and stakeholder partnerships Key infrastructure in supportive areas/ Marketing Inter and Intra Sectorial Convergence of efforts and PPPs across the sectors 9

10. CONVERGENCE, ESPECIALLY BELOW OF THE DISTRICTS AND BLOCKS 10

11. WHY CONVERGE ? Programmatic silos have successful but sporadic effects Sharing the expertise and knowledge To obtain wider impacts of joint efforts Up-scale results obtained in pilots 11

12. WHY CONVERGE….. Contd. Single development agency may have limitations of resources and strategies Multi-stakeholder involvement would……… Supplement and complement the efforts and Obtain Community partnership and involvement GOs strong on backward links, private players are strong on forward linkages &NGOs strong on social mobilization 12

13. EXTENSION AGENCIES IN A GIVEN MICRO AGRO-ECO SITUATION Public Agencies Inputs Support Services/Agencies Entrepreneurs NGOs FOs Co-operatives PRIs Local leaders and Opinion makers Print and Electronic Media 13

14. CONVERGENCE Stages –(i)SOCIAL MOBILIZATION NGOs FOs PRIs Opinion leaders/local leaders 14

15. CONVERGENCE Stages – (ii)PROGRAMMATIC KVK Programmes ATMA Programmes NGO Programmes FO Programmes Entrepreneur Programmes 15

16. CONVERGENCE Stages –(iii) ACTION ON THE GROUND Field functionaries working for the farmers, farm women and farm youths Links promoted by the agriculture and the line departments Functionaries.. the Pvt. Agencies /NGOs/FOS Paras …Kisan Sahayaks, Kisan Mitras, Adarsh Raitus, Gopal Mitras, Prani Bandhus 16

17. CONVERGENCE PROCESS GOES THROUGH ….. Instructions/Guidelines Incentives Internalize the spirit of convergence Adopt and Up-scale 17

18. FUNCTIONARIES TO FOCUS ON CONVERGENCE…. VEWs /Agril Assistants / AOs SMSs of ATMAs SMSs of KVKs Irrigation Inspectors Field functionaries of line departments Watershed teams Technical teams under various Missions Para workers Like Kisan Sahayaks,Gopal Mitras 18

19. PROGRAMMATIC POSSIBILITIES OF CONVERGENCE Agricultue, Horticultue, Dairy /Animal Husbandry Fisheries Water and other essential inputs 19

20. WHO TO LEAD GO Leads and NGOs support or vice a versa Agency having comparative advantages Agencies having grassroots level presence Agencies having influence over other systems and the targeted local population, Best Extension actor in a given situation 20

21. ACTIVITIES FACILITATING CONVERGENCE Selection of beneficiaries Participatory programme planning, management and implementation Sharing the responsibilities(training …Orissa) Joint M&E/Joint field visits Sharing the infrastructure and facilities Sharing the benefits 21

22. FORMAL VS INFORMAL CONVERGENCE Formal …Moves th. MOU/ instructions Informal …shared values and understanding Formal …takes time to internalize in the processes Informal …happens at the community level and at the cluster level ….depends on local initiatives /leadership Informal is Sustainable. 22

23. PPPs IN EXTENSION MANAGEMENT,… AS THE EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENT OF CONVERGENCE 23

24. PPPs …. 10 DRIVERS Who initiates Who partners Who contributes And What share What are the mutual benefits 24

25. PPP DRIVERS …..Contd. What are the intended benefits How the intended benefits are shared What are the built in confidence levels What are the ways to mutual diversification What are the arrangements for sustainability 25

26. PARTNERSHIP MODES Public- Public Public- Private (has greater influence/impact value in development sectors ) Private - Private 26

27. XIIth PLAN – INDICATIVE PPP AREAS Encourage Empowered Groups across the sectors SHGs/JLGs/FPOs/FPCs Use of PACs /JLGs of Farmers and livestock owners for credit delivery Promote FPO collectives for farm planning and production Giving priority to the FPOs/ NGOs in pilot tests and investments 27

28. XII TH PLAN PPP AREAs …contd ATMAs to promote private extension service providers Promote Community Resource Persons (CPRs) in Extension Technology commercialization window tried under NAIP KVKs and SAUs… Farm Science Clubs, Technology Weeks 28

29. XIIth PLAN PPP AREAS Contd… NLM- Para Vets to supplement livestock extension. Fish coops/Fish groups/ FFDAs &Fish entrepreneurs on PPP Mode Quality planting material th..Private& accredited nursaries (NHM) Corporates Must encourage Extension as CSR Outlets…Approved 29

30. XIIth PLAN PPP AREAs Contd….. Compact blocks through NGOs(NFSM/BGREI) NGOs in Soil Testing/IPM awareness programmes NMSA… Capture Experiences of NGOs and CSOs Missions proposed for XIIth Plan may have PPP window Entrepreneurs as investors in a given area 30

31. STRONG FOs/ POs …have shown the ways for effective PPPs Empowered Farmer Groups/Producer Cos(MP) Maharashtra Experiments- Very Successful South- East, Latin America Denmark’s county level FIACs Michigan’s Cherry Producer Organizations 31

32. PRIVATE PPP MODELS IN ALLIED SECTORS BAIF / JKS /Nimkar Foundation …Animal Husbandry Venkateswara / Eastern India Hatcheries MSSRF in research programmes Growers Associations in NHM/NHB Breeders’ Associations in Livestock Conservation 32

33. RKM….NGO Tremendous Success Unique Institute of Repute Total dedication for social upliftment Total Confidence of Government Agencies Wanted partner in many programmes Agril Extn th Voluntary Orgns….50 Excellent Performance Running State Level Training Institute(SAMETI) for West Bengal 33

34. WONDERS BY AC- AB HAND HOLDING INSTITUTE Private initiative, Public(MANAGE) support AC-AB implementation partner Highly motivated, intensive follow up with Banks Assists in Policy making Single institute, promoted over 500 ACABs in major State of Uttar Pradesh 34

35. FAMOUS DHANUKA/ PARADEEP experiments In Madhya Pradesh / Orissa Public- Private joint efforts Mutual sharing of goods and services Focussed Extension Efforts Win- Win for both 35

36. ENTREPRENEURS as promising PP partners Risk taking capacity Investment Capacity Wants a proper space in Agril.Development Incubation support(Cornell Model) 36

37. MOVING A MOUNTAIN Public investments alone cannot move the mountain Private investments are necessary Government to promote policies to enable, facilitate and encourage PPPs Trust and confidence building measures are also required for win- win to both. 37

38. SCREENING THE CREDENTIALS Large numbers of private players cropping up Good and Bad Experiences Screening of Track record and credentials are essential for partnership One bad partner can spoil the PPP game 38

39. GLOBAL STRATEGIES - FAO Greater Inclusiveness Sustainable production in rainfeds and poorly utilized eco-systems Empowerment of small and marginal producers Improved food and nutritional security and Improved implementation with focus on Convergence and PPPs 39

40. CONV. & PPP …ONE LEADS TO OTHER Good Convergence should promote PPPs And good PPPs should lead to increased convergence Improved perception of extension efforts by the farmers 40

41. FINALLY, TASK ON HAND Agricultural Convergence Expert 8 States Rajasthan, Gujarat,, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. 2 Districts in each covering all the blocks Across the sectors, actors and programmes Fortunately u are there in all the districts And, just cannot think of Convergence and PPP without ur presence and influence 41

42. THANKS EXTENSION DIVISION THANKS ICAR 42