1. { Introductions and Conclusions Some Guidelines

2.  Get creative! This is your first chance to grab the reader’s attention!!  Your introductory paragraph might pick up and develop an idea or image in your title. However, the introduction should not repeat the topic of your title.  Do not use the book title as your essay title. Essay’s Title

3. Your opening paragraph should identify the author and the title of the work that you are going to discuss. Your opening paragraph should identify the author and the title of the work that you are going to discuss. ITALICIZE the novel!!!! ITALICIZE the novel!!!! Just build the title and author into a sentence: Just build the title and author into a sentence: “Most readers of Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre find Mr. Rochester an attractive and sympathetic figure…” “Most readers of Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre find Mr. Rochester an attractive and sympathetic figure…” Identify the Text

4.  You should use your thesis statement to awaken interest in your topic. Take time to make sure that your thesis is the focal point of your introduction. You should state your thesis towards the END of your introduction. Thesis

5.  Avoid Discussion of your Paper:  Open your paper with a statement about the literary work, not about your own paper. Instead of saying—”In the following pages I shall attempt to prove that…” Say— “In Harper Lee’s To Kill A Mockingbird…” False Starts—Please Avoid These Things.

6.  Avoid Random Judgements / Generalizations: DO NOT WRITE THE FOLLOWING— “To Kill A Mockingbird is a great book and the story is so awesome.” False Starts—Please Avoid These Things.

7.  Begin with a direct quotation (from that text):  Example:  “Samuel Taylor Coleridge begins his poem “Kubla Khan” with the lines, “In Xanadu did ….”, immediately pulling his readers into an exotic, foreign world composed of caves…” Some Ideas…

8.  Begin with a Character:  Example:  “Willy Loman suffers from a failure of confidence. As the hero of Arthur Miller’s Death of A Salesman, he infects his family and entire atmosphere of the play with his sense of failure.” Some Ideas…

9.  Begin with the Theme:  Example:  Graham Greene’s The Destructors provides several examples of the theme that humans are senselessly destructive. Some Ideas…

10.  End with your Thesis:  Leave the reader with the feeling that you, the writer, have concluded your argument and proved your point.  A concluding paragraph should return to the thesis.  The most difficult papers to conclude are those without a thesis. Conclusions

11.  Avoid Discussion of your Paper–  DO NOT WRITE– “This paper has demonstrated that…”  Avoid Repetition of your Findings—  DO NOT SUMMARIZE THE EXAMPLES YOU HAVE DISCUSSED EARLIER IN THE PAPER. False Endings

12.  Avoid Judgments of Approval or Disapproval:  DO NOT WRITE—  “Harper Lee was a great writer…”  Avoid a Focus on Your Reactions.  DO NOT WRITE—  “I found To Kill A Mockingbird a fascinating work because I could relate so easily to Scout…”  Avoid the Introduction of a New Topic:  DO NOT—  Move on to another idea… False Endings