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19/5/08 TNC Evolution of research networks: quantity? quality? functionality? Paul VAN BINST Université Libre de Bruxelles.

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Presentation on theme: "19/5/08 TNC Evolution of research networks: quantity? quality? functionality? Paul VAN BINST Université Libre de Bruxelles."— Presentation transcript:

1 19/5/08 TNC Evolution of research networks: quantity? quality? functionality? Paul VAN BINST Université Libre de Bruxelles

2 19/5/08 TNC Personal/Historical Introduction

3 19/5/08 TNC Why was I invited to talk to you today?

4 19/5/08 TNC Why was I invited to talk to you today? Because: –I am old enough? –I had a great career in networking? –I am a good old friend of TERENA? –I am a good speaker?

5 19/5/08 TNC I am old enough? I started my career in 1967…

6 19/5/08 TNC I am old enough? I started my career in 1967…

7 19/5/08 TNC I am old enough? I started my career in 1967… … and I stop next September

8 19/5/08 TNC I had a great career in networking? I was probably part of the pioneers…

9 19/5/08 TNC I had a great career in networking? I was probably part of the pioneers… P. VAN BINST, R. VANDENBROUCKE Development of a communication facility between two PDP ‑ 11's and a DEC system 10. Société Belge de Physique, Réunion Scientifique Générale, 1980 M. GOOSSENS, J. TIBERGHIEN, P. VAN BINST, R. VANDENBROUCKE Development of a file transfer capability between a PDP ‑ 11 under RSX ‑ 11M and a HP 1000 under RTE. DECUS Europe Symposium, 1982

10 19/5/08 TNC I am a good old friend of TERENA? Definitely! –I started working in the early 80’s at the European level (with ECFA) to create, finance and deploy international networking infrastructures for research –I was at the first meeting where the concept of such as thing as TERENA was discussed –I represented Belgium in RARE/TERENA for 10 years (1985 – 1995) –I was in the executive committee for 6 years

11 19/5/08 TNC Let me show you three souvenirs about the previous slide…

12 19/5/08 TNC ECFA - European Committee for Future Accelerators ECFA/82/60 Networks for High-Energy Physics An Interim Report on Wide-Area Communications ECFA Working Group on Data Processing Standards Subgroup 5 (Links and Networks) August 1982

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15 19/5/08 TNC I am a good speaker ? … I’ll leave it to you to decide … but I surely spoke a lot in my life!

16 19/5/08 TNC I am a good speaker ? … I’ll leave it to you to decide … but I surely spoke a lot in my life!

17 19/5/08 TNC I am a good speaker ? … I’ll leave it to you to decide … but I surely spoke a lot in my life!

18 19/5/08 TNC I am a good speaker ? … I’ll leave it to you to decide … but I surely spoke a lot in my life!

19 19/5/08 TNC I am a good speaker ? … I’ll leave it to you to decide … but I surely spoke a lot in my life!

20 19/5/08 TNC Evolution of research networks (past, present and future) Quantity ? Quality ? Functionality ? … an executive summary

21 19/5/08 TNC Quantity (1) A long story of increasing data rates at decreasing prices … … which I am not going to tell today, or even summarize

22 19/5/08 TNC Quantity (2) Two references: –An achievement : international 256 Kbps from Belgium, 1987 A. COHEN, C. HANON, T. MASSART, N. MEULEMANS, P. VAN BINST, R. VANDENBROUCKE The Helios ‑ B Project: Towards High Speed File Transfers by Satellite Between Heterogeneous Computers. Proceedings of TENCON 87, IEEE –A long fight : European 2 Mbps backbone P. VAN BINST (ed.) Proceedings of the Third Symposium on High Speed Networking for Research in Europe, Brussels, February 1994. Computer Networks for Research in Europe, Elsevier, 25, 1994

23 19/5/08 TNC Quantity (3) Executive summary : –For a long time, the problem was price … –… then came the great 1988 – 1998 decade: de-monopolization, liberalization of the European telecom market … –… which resulted in the price/performance of the networks we use today

24 19/5/08 TNC Quality (1) The (old) concept of Quality of Service (QoS) has evolved considerably towards today’s Service Level Agreements (SLAs) QoS used to be defined and measured at the physical and network layers, with the main focus being put on Bit Error Rate (BER), as well as transit delay, jitter, etc. – in a world of virtual circuits / connection-oriented and broadcast networks –That is still the case today for most telephony, radio and TV networks – with billions of users

25 19/5/08 TNC Quality (2) Internet and LANs (connectionless / datagram networks) changed the situation because of the essentially unreliable (« best effort ») lower layers The practical questions of QoS moved to layers 4 (TCP or UDP) and higher (applications and services) – also due to the much improved performance of the lower layers AND: the networks are mostly used by people (human beings) for voice, music, radio and video communications, and this in fact allows to drop the « hard » requirement for QoS (the « what » is more important than the « how ») – we listen to the news, we watch the football game, …

26 19/5/08 TNC Quality (3) Since a number years, the real basic answer to QoS questions at the lower layers is called « over-dimensioning » - exactly what we witness today in GEANT (or Belnet), as in most operators networks Precise QoS measurements in the lower layers are sometimes still carried out for industrial and professional users / contracts, but not for the vast majority of end users

27 19/5/08 TNC Quality (4) Most users (also on NREN’s) don’t see the quality of the lower layers, which is very often masked by the unpredictability of Internet applications and services Just one example: in a recent series of long file downloads into my PC at ULB, at various times by day and night, from a major university, well connected to its NREN in a European capital city, the observed sustained data rate varied by a factor 40 ! (from 40 KBps to 1.6 MBps) –That’s like a car doing sometimes 160 km/h, sometimes 4 km/h !!!

28 19/5/08 TNC Executive Summary (up to here) We have (more than) enough quantity So we don’t care too much about quality Especially if we love the functionality

29 19/5/08 TNC Functionality (1) The real paradigm shift is that we are preferring functionality to quality The obvious best example of this behaviour is the SMS (more than 1 billion per day in the world) – a very basic service with a lousy ergonomy Our regular web attitude is that we don’t mind to wait, either a fraction of a second or a large number of seconds, as long as we like what we get

30 19/5/08 TNC Functionality (2) All the same, we look at a poor definition TV broadcast or video in a small window on our computer screen while we have a high-quality, large TV set next door … and I will not comment on the phone or video conferencing applications tragedy…

31 19/5/08 TNC Functionality (2) All the same, we look at a poor definition TV broadcast or video in a small window on our computer screen while we have a high-quality, large TV set next door … and I will not comment on the phone or video conferencing applications tragedy… Meanwhile, the world is changing and people using (non research) networks are getting better and better services, with good (sometimes guaranteed) quality and functionality – think eg. of the banking or health worlds…

32 19/5/08 TNC A (Belgian) example of advanced functionality in the health world The VIGITENS project, carried out by –St Peter hospital in Brussels –Hodie Vivere foundation –Belgacom –Tandberg –ULB/STC Remote mentoring of emergency cases

33 19/5/08 TNC IrisnetInternet ADSL T1700 local medecin Edge- local consultation Movi serveur LAN IPVCR (recording) 3 g gateway ISDN

34 19/5/08 TNC Functionality (3) Do research networks need to develop more advanced functionality? We have already some good and performant services in the NREN world, such as CERTs or EDUROAM One of the nicest « new » things is the development of the grid paradigm, because it means networks, technology, services and management – let me steal a nice slide from the EC

35 19/5/08 TNC e-Infrastructure - implementation blocks networking specific services joint research activities GÉANT. INFRASTRUCTURE networking specific services joint research activities GRID. INFRASTRUCTURE

36 19/5/08 TNC BEgrid I “must” have one slide about BEgrid! Infrastructure –> 800 CPUs –about 30 Tbyte of storage –> 600 valid certificates Usage in 2007 – > 600000 jobs – > 150 years of CPU time Integrated in EGEE (gLite middleware), > 40000 CPUs Integrated with NLgrid Ready to be an NGI in the EGI structure

37 19/5/08 TNC Functionality (4) But we are still far away from the « sexiness » of Google Earth, YouTube, ViaMichelin or DVB-H… How separate can (should?) NRENs be (or remain?) from other (public?) services?

38 19/5/08 TNC A last example from Brussels, Belgium The URBIZONE project: – a large meshed outdoor WiFi network covering the campusses of Brussels universities (ULB-VUB) – 80 antennas – organized and paid for by the government of the Brussels Region – free for all! – linked to the IRISnet regional internet (ISP) – which is linked to BELNET

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40 19/5/08 TNC Some first conclusive thoughts URBIZONE is an interesting pilot project – it brings a sponsored network next to the NREN – it is just an infrastructure, no services – but that’s NOT the final idea – operators would love to do the same – with a business model (eg. tourism, health) – the telcos and the media world are today the clear winners on the Internet – how far should they stay from research networks?

41 19/5/08 TNC Final executive summary We have far exceeded our wildest expectations/dreams in terms of Quantity We are (happily?) often forgetting about Quality The non NREN world is overtaking us with Functionality Food for thought: does the NREN world need a (new) business model?

42 19/5/08 TNC Final souvenir… P. VAN BINST High Speed Networking in Europe: Dream, Nightmare, Utopia, or Reality? Closing address presented at the Symposium on High Speed Networking for Research in Europe, RARE/CEC, Brussels, January 1991. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, North ‑ Holland, 21, June 1991, 4, 353.

43 19/5/08 TNC Final souvenir… P. VAN BINST High Speed Networking in Europe: Dream, Nightmare, Utopia, or Reality? Closing address presented at the Symposium on High Speed Networking for Research in Europe, RARE/CEC, Brussels, January 1991. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, North ‑ Holland, 21, June 1991, 4, 353. Now for the future of networking in Europe, let’s dream and make our Utopia become Reality!


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