1. Video Space Media Concepts The Spill Resource Page

2. Video Images  Video images are not behind the screen but on it, and that creates two fundamental differences from the real world.  Video information is limited by the borders on the image (Aspect ratio Figure 3-1)  The screen is flat, or nearly so, which means it has only two dimensions instead of three.  Space and time work very differently in the special world on the screen. The Spill Resource Page

3. The Laws of Video Space  What is outside the frame does not exist, unless that existence is implied.  Height and breadth are determined solely by the frame, and depth is only an illusion.  Size, position, distance, relationship, and movement are not fixed.  Direction is determined solely by the frame. The Spill Resource Page

4. The Frame  The frame is not just a passive border around the picture.  The frame defines and controls what the viewer sees.  Screen composition and movement are defined by reference to the frame around the image. The Spill Resource Page

5. The Frame Controls Content  Video makers use the frame to alter reality in countless ways.  Framing “Off” and Framing.  Real world elements outside the frame do not exist in the video world.  Elements that do not exist in the real world can exist in the video world if the video maker implies that they lie somewhere outside the frame. The Spill Resource Page

6. The Frame Determines Composition and Movement  Composition is the organization of the elements of the picture.  Movement refers to motion on the screen, and viewers perceive that motion by two sets of clues:  How rapidly the background changes in relation to the subject in the foreground.  How quickly the subject moves in relation to the frame. The Spill Resource Page

7. Video Dimensions  In the video world, the dimension “height” is not always vertical and “breadth” is not always horizontal. The dimension called “depth” doesn’t exist.  Height is the dimension parallel to the sides of the frame.  Breadth is the dimension parallel to the top and bottom of the frame. The Spill Resource Page

8. The Illusion of Depth  Real world objects actually shrink in size in the video world they really do shrink in size.  Depth is a trick video makers can manipulate it.  But must use a variety of compositional techniques to create the illusion. The Spill Resource Page

9. Spatial Relations  Video makers routinely change the space in the screen world to fit the needs of the moment.  Changes in size, position, and distance are all changes in scale.  Relationships among Objects usually means putting things together in the screen world that are far apart in the real world.  Screen-world relationships between unconnected places and people can be created by recording them separately and editing the different shots together. The Spill Resource Page

10. Direction of Movement  Real world direction are fixed – north, south, east, and west.  Screen world compass directions are quite meaningless.  Direction is perceived with reference to the borders of the screen.  Conventional direction are generally observed by video makers (i.e. flying from Europe to America showing the plane moving left to right). The Spill Resource Page