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Hydrogen Pittsburgh The Future of Fuel by Anel Abdrashova David Carulli Kate Gilland Chris Little
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The Future of Fuel http://www.ecofriend.com/entry/eco-tech-south-carolina-gets-its-first-hydrogen-fueling-station/
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City Selection Criteria 1) PA has the second largest number of active nuclear plants for electrolysis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Beaver_Valley_Nuclear_Generating_Station.jpg
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City Selection Criteria 2) Marcellus Shale is the largest U.S. source for natural gas, which is used in Steam Methane Reformation http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/minres/oilgas/new_forms/marcellus/marcellus.htm
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City Selection Criteria 3)Northeast Region with existing Natural Gas Pipeline Infrastructure from the Gulf http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/analysis_publications/ngpipeline/dependstates_map.html
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Hydrogen Production Selection High Temperature Nuclear Electrolysis Approx 64% efficiency Requires 62.5kWh to produce 1 kg H2 Western PA prices ($.0834/kWh) $5.21/kg H2 production only Oxygen by-product sales *Conclusion: too expensive Notables Landfill gas(and possible supplement to our SMR) Similar cost to SMR Releases harmful chemicals upon burning 100 acre Imperial Landfill produces 1 million MMBTU/year(=8.8 mil kg H2/year, which is 3.5% of our needs) *Conclusion: possible supplement Wind Energy PA is the largest wind power state east of the Mississippi, potential to produce 15% of consumption $3.5 Million/2MW capacity turbine (=17,520kWh=280,000 kg H2/year, which is.1% of our needs so we would need 1000 turbines, for $3.5 Billion) *Conclusion: extremely high initial investment, high land cost/taxes, may be more profitable as electricity
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Hydrogen Production Selection Hydrogen from Steam Methane Reformation Natural Gas Price in PA $5.44/million BTU industrial $3.80/million BTU wellhead price Hydrogen from SMR(3 times NG price) $11.40/million BTU/8.793 kg H2=$1.29 untaxed, undistributed Emissions only 60% of Gasoline Alternative *assumed 70% efficiency, wellhead price Gasoline Gas Price($3.87/gal taxed, 115,000 BTU/gal=$33.74/million BTU taxed)
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Hydrogen Delivery Pipeline $0.80/kg Investment=$6.3 million (at $1mil/mile) Extra storage capacity may be available in depleted petroleum reservoirs which are prominent in western PA(needs extra bulk geologic/liquid storage) Pressures are adequate to fill hydrogen carriers(propane tanks) Truck Delivery $1.40/kg Emissions from delivery trucks 10 hour dispensing time Need 2 trucks/day Recurring cost Liquefaction for Delivery Loses too much energy in storage Major losses in liquefaction
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Hydrogen Storage Underground Smaller footprint near urban areas Above Ground Lower Initial Cost Conclusion: Higher recurring property tax Air Products' underground LH 2 tank being installed at the Shell Hydrogen refueling station in Washington DC in 2004. http://whyy.org/cms/news/health-science/2008/11/11/nj- solar-hydrogen-home-bottles-sunshine/1184
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Hydrogen City Model Air Products
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Hydrogen City Model
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Air Products
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Hydrogen City Model
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Hydrogen City http://www.avenirex.com/shot/v/pitt/img_0363.jpg.html
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References Slide 3http://www.statemaster.com/graph/ene_nuc_ene_num_of_nuc_pow_pla-energy-nuclear- number-power-plantshttp://www.statemaster.com/graph/ene_nuc_ene_num_of_nuc_pow_pla-energy-nuclear- Slide 6http://www.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/ngw/ngupdate.asphttp://www.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/ngw/ngupdate.asp http://fuelgaugereport.aaa.com/?redirectto=http://fuelgaugereport.opisnet.com/index.asp http://hydrogen.pnl.gov/cocoon/morf/hydrogen/site_specific/fuel_heating_calculator?canprint=false Slide 7 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_economyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_economy http://www.electricitywatch.org/pennsylvania-electricity/ http://www.windustry.org/how-much-do-wind-turbines-cost Slide 8 http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/pdfs/03_babu_transfer.pdfhttp://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/pdfs/03_babu_transfer.pdf http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/pdfs/program/delivery_tech_team_roadmap.pdf http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/pdfs/program/delivery_tech_team_roadmap.pdf (pg.9-18) http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/review09/pd_30_mintz.pdf Slide 9http://www.ika.rwth-aachen.de/r2h/index.php/Large_Hydrogen_Underground_Storage
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