1. Bell Ringer Where was the Women’s Rights Convention held?
What is suffrage?
Why did some women oppose the 14th and 15th amendments?

2. Unit 7 #3

3. Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt became a war hero in the Spanish-American War and later was elected to governor of New York. He then ran as the VP with McKinley. When McKinley was assassinated in 1901, Teddy Roosevelt became president at 42 years old.
The Square Deal
Roosevelt’s policy to better American Society. It was founded upon 3 basic ideas:
1) Conserve natural resources 2) control of corporations 3) consumer protection

4. Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt
Using Federal Power
“Trust-busting”- trusts controlled 4/5th of the industries
He sued Northern Securities Company (the RR monopoly) and won
1902 Coal Strike – a 5 month long strike that saw coal prices rise was ended by Roosevelt when he called in a 3rd party arbitrator to negotiate (result was 10% pay increase and a 9 hr. work day)
Railroad Regulations – passed two acts to regulate the RR and activities with elected officials
Health & Environment
Meat Inspection Act – dictated cleanliness and inspection standards (inspired by Upton Sinclair’s book The Jungle)
Pure Food and Drug Act – no sale of contaminated food and medicine, & truth in labeling
Natural Resources – ignored in the late 19th Century, Roosevelt set aside millions of acres in parks/forests/water reserves
Conservation – some areas preserved and others are developed for the common good

5. Sample Regents Questions
A NAUSEATING JOB, BUT IT MUST BE DONE
Sample Regents Questions
In 1906, the federal government responded to the situation shown in the cartoon by
Taking control of meatpacking facilities
Sending federal troops to end a strike by meatpackers
Banning imported meat products
Authorizing government inspection of meat processing plants
Which book was responsible for prompting the investigation illustrated in this cartoon?
The Octopus by Frank Norris
The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
The Shame of the Cities by Lincoln Steffens
How the Other Half Lives by Jacob Riis
*Questions 25 and 26 from the June 2014’s test*

6. Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt
Civil Rights
Not as progressive with the idea of civil rights for African Americans
Invited Booker T. Washington to the White House
African Americans held a civil rights conference in Niagara Falls
1909 – NAACP formed (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)

7. Howard Taft
After defeating William Jennings Bryan in the 1908 election (Roosevelt refused to run for a 3rd term), Taft took the presidency as the next progressive Republican. Taft was very cautious and sought to consolidate reform, rather than build reform like Roosevelt had done.
Tariffs
Wanted to lower tariffs to promote competitive prices in the market place
Met with opposition from Congress
Signed the Payne-Aldrich Bill, which did increase some rates
-This angered many as a
betrayal of progressives
Progressivism Split
The Republican party was split and lost many of the mid-term elections in the House of Representative  now Democratic controlled
As a result of the Republican Convention, progressives formed a new political party, The Bull Moose Party, and nominated Roosevelt for another term
Public Land
Appointed Richard Ballard (wealthy lawyer) as Secretary of the Interior
Returned 1 million acres to public domain
Again, angered Progressives

8. Woodrow Wilson
Despite breaking up 90 trusts during his time, Taft was in for a messy re-election in Democrats nominated Woodrow Wilson who had a strongly progressive campaign. Wilson won with 75% of the electoral votes and Taft went to Yale to teach law.
Civil Rights
Made promises for increased equality but could never deliver
African American leaders were dismayed at the lack of action by the white leaders
During his 2nd term, Wilson would be preoccupied by WWI and Progressivism would end
Women
Locally, suffrage movements strengthened
Carrie Chapman Catt became the new leader of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
Alice Paul & Lucy Burns picketed the white house
19th Amendment – written in 1919 and took effect in 1920

9. Woodrow Wilson Financial Reform Wilson targeted big corporations
Clayton Antitrust Act – prohibited buying stock of one company if it would create a monopoly & legalized unions and farm organizations
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) – given power to investigate corporate activities
Income Tax – 16th Amendment a graduated income tax system (how much you pay depends on how much you make)
Federal Reserve System – Federal Reserve Act of 1913 started the system still used today, 12 districts in the US with a regional central bank known as the “bankers bank”