1. The Professional Open Source™ Company Transparent Middleware ™ Transparent Middleware, AO and EJB3.0 Marc Fleury, PhD. Founder and CEO JBoss, inc.

2. The Professional Open Source™ Company Agenda Middleware as a collection of aspects, custom middleware New Aspects EJB 3.0 JBoss: professional open source

3. The Professional Open Source™ Company Tangled code vs Untangled code AO identifies aspects and gives programmers weaving semantics Example of untangling: A GUI with color syntax highlighting aspects in source is AO It untangles code IN YOUR HEAD Example tangled code: EJB 2.0: programmers use interfaces and code abstract getters and setters. Intrusive programming model Example untangled code: EJB 3.0: programmers use POJOS and annotations. Persistence by annotations, remoteness by annotations etc AS TRANSPARENT AS IT CAN BE (POJO BASED)

4. The Professional Open Source™ Company Transparent middleware Impact of AO on middleware Middleware offers services and aspects to programmers How complex is it to apply an aspect to an objects SIMPLIFICATION of programming models Today middleware is mostly tangled specs A component writer in EJB KNOWS about way to much system level issues POJO based is the best we can do

5. The Professional Open Source™ Company Transacted Acid sessions Secure access Monitor Model time Cached model configuration Service layer Aspect layer Application layer Monitor data time (dynamic insertion) Cache Persistent data Clustered Remote webservice Clustering Remote Invokers ACIDMonitoringPersistenceTransactionCacheSecurity JBoss Microkernel (JMX) Microkernel layer

6. The Professional Open Source™ Company Metadata and Metatags Aspect Configuration Explicit through Xdoclet tags (later JSR-175) Implicit through XML (deployable at runtime) /** * * @@transaction(“RequiresNew”) */ public void somePOJOmethod() { … } /** * * @@transaction(“RequiresNew”) */ public void somePOJOmethod() { … } RequiresNew RequiresNew

7. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss 4: Aspects a la carte Middleware, by nature, is cross-cutting Middleware implemented as Aspects allow for: Smooth, fluid, iterative development Clean separation between System Architect and Application Developer Less upfront design decisions JBoss 4 is Aspect-Oriented Middleware Architectural decisions can be made later on in the development process AOP makes iterative development more fluid

8. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss 4:Dynamic AO Dynamic AOP Transactional, ACID, Objects. Our Transactional Cache Replicated Objects. Our Distributed Cache Optimized HTTP Session Replication Remoting – choose at runtime, SOAP, RMI, Sockets, IIOP Clustered Remoting – invocation failover Use of Dynamic AO in JBossCache POJO inserted into cache Can become Transactional Can become Replicated Depends on Cache Configuration Goal to have transparent ACID properties Transparent Replication No application coding for inserted Objects Uses AOP Dynamic API Requires “prepare” step via ALMOST COMPLETE TRANSPARENCY

9. The Professional Open Source™ Company Interaction With Cache tree = new TreeCacheAop(); config = new PropertyConfigurator(); // configure tree cache. config.configure(tree, "META-INF/replSync-service.xml"); joe = new Person(); joe.setName("Joe Black"); joe.setAge(31); addr = new Address(); addr.setCity("Sunnyvale"); addr.setStreet("123 Albert Ave"); addr.setZip(94086); joe.setAddress(addr); Use Pojos as Pojos

10. The Professional Open Source™ Company Interaction With Cache Joe’s state is automatically transactional and replicated State replicated, synchronized at transaction commit/rollback tree.start(); // kick start tree cache tree.putObject("/aop/joe", joe); // add aop sanctioned object tx.begin(); joe.setAge(41); joe.getAddress().setZip(95124); tx.commit(); tree.start(); // kick start tree cache tree.putObject("/aop/joe", joe); // add aop sanctioned object tx.begin(); joe.setAge(41); joe.getAddress().setZip(95124); tx.commit();

11. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBossRemoting Goals Use POJOs not APIs No extending of UnicastRemote No precompilation (rmic) Protocol independent Protocol isolation Designed after dotNetRemoting Features SOAP, Fact Socket, or RMI protocols available Clustering: failover, loadbalancing

12. The Professional Open Source™ Company Remoting/Clustered Remoting Declare POJO remoted at runtime Hooks into JBoss Remoting project (Jeff Haynie, Tom Elrod) URI based protocols (soap, socket, rmi) // Server POJO remote = new POJO("hello"); Dispatcher.singleton.registerTarget(“objName", remote); // Client POJO proxy = (POJO)Remoting.createRemoteProxy(“objName", POJO.class, “soap://localhost:8080"); // Server POJO remote = new POJO("hello"); Dispatcher.singleton.registerTarget(“objName", remote); // Client POJO proxy = (POJO)Remoting.createRemoteProxy(“objName", POJO.class, “soap://localhost:8080");

13. The Professional Open Source™ Company Clustered Remoting Invocation failover with any protocol Invocation loadbalancing with any protocol Leverages existing JBoss Clustering POJO pojo = new POJO("hello"); POJO proxy = (POJO)ClusteredRemoting.registerClusteredObject( “objName", pojo, "DefaultPartition", new RoundRobin(), “socket://localhost:5150"); POJO pojo = new POJO("hello"); POJO proxy = (POJO)ClusteredRemoting.registerClusteredObject( “objName", pojo, "DefaultPartition", new RoundRobin(), “socket://localhost:5150");

14. The Professional Open Source™ Company New Aspects: IoC, Observer IoC is an aspect Setting of references can be intercepted Hook up of singleton, per VM Per call, per lifecycle Work done by Bill Burke in CVS Observer/Observable is an aspect Strong limitation of current J2EE. No observable pattern Message or pooling based designs. Need for JavaBeans “fireChange” Template code was aspectized by Adrian Brock in CVS Etc etc Tight collaboration with academia on identification of new aspects for middleware. Fast time to market in JBoss

15. The Professional Open Source™ Company EJB 3.0: SIMPLIFICATION SIMPLIFICATION SIMPLIFICATION Simple annotations Systematic use of annotations to simplify programming Eliminate need for XML deployment descriptors Generation of interfaces if needed Simple defaults Systematic use of defaults Configuration on exception only Simple dependencies Annotations IoC, utility classes Simple POJO programming model No more homes, factory pattern No more abstract getter/setter Sessions can be remote, Entities are always local

16. The Professional Open Source™ Company EJB3.0: TRANSPARENT PROGRAMMING Simple CMP POJO persistence Entities are always local, use of new() POJO Model Inheritance and polymorphism No CMR Simple and Powerful QL: from EJBQL to HQL back to EJBQL again Support for group-by, explicit inner and outer join, projections, bulk update and delete, dynamic queries, SQL queries Close to HQL, SQL focus, ORDBMS focus unlike JDO Simple callbacks Implement only the callbacks you want Simple testing Testing behavior outside of a container Work in progress Sessions as application transaction, revolution for MVC designs Detach-reattach? We recommend local and collocated designs YOU ASKED FOR IT, YOU GOT IT

17. The Professional Open Source™ Company EJB3 (simplified EJB) @Entity(table=“AUCTION”) public class Auction { @PK(column=“AUCTION_ID”, generator=“sequence”) private Long id; @Attribute private String description; @OneToMany(inverse=“auction” order-by=“DATETIME” cascade=ALL) private List bids = new ArrayList(); @ManyToOne(fk=“SELLER_ID”) private User seller; //Getters and setters ……

18. The Professional Open Source™ Company EJB3 (simplified EJB) …… @Attribute(formula=“SELECT MAX(B.AMOUNT) FROM BID B “ + “WHERE B.AUCTION_ID = AUCTION_ID”) private BigDecimal maxBidAmount; public BigDecimal getMaxBidAmount() { return maxBidAmount; } ……

19. The Professional Open Source™ Company EJB3 (simplified EJB) …… public Bid bid(BidDecimal amount) { if ( !amount.greaterThan(maxBidAmount) ) return null; Bid bid = new Bid(amount, new Date(), this); bids.add(bid); return bid; }

20. The Professional Open Source™ Company EJB3 (simplified EJB) @Stateful(entityContext=INSTANCE, transaction=REQUIRES_NEW) public class BidForAuctionBean implements BidForAuction { @Inject EntityManager entityManager; private Auction auction; public Auction getAuction(Long id) { auction = (Auction) entityManager.get(“Auction”, id); return auction; } @Remove public void bidForAuction(BigDecimal amount) { return auction.bid(amount); }

21. The Professional Open Source™ Company Deployment descriptors No xml in 3.0

22. The Professional Open Source™ Company EJB3.0: new architectures Peer to peer grids CACHE EJB WEB CACHE EJB WEB DB ORM CACHE EJB WEB CACHE EJB WEB

23. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss inc evolution Small Consultancy JBoss Group JBoss inc Professional Open Source Training Documentation Consulting Developer Support Production Support 9/039/021/026/0110/00 Developer Tactical Enterprise New Projects 1/04

24. The Professional Open Source™ Company What is JBoss? JBoss federates open source projects under the JBoss Professional Open Source ™ model JBoss Inc. employs the lead developers of JBoss Application Server: J2EE based Tomcat Hibernate JBossCache/JGroups: Nukes, ? workflow, rules, new clients, connectors? JBoss inc, the new safe choice 24/7 Support Indemnification Certification – J2EE, JASP

25. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss Group Customers “JBoss Group’s people are super-smart and could help us at the technical level we needed without us having to work our way through levels of support staff. Compared with our old vendor, we get great support for relatively low cost.” Jerry Shifrin, senior engineer, network management group, MCI (formerly WorldCom)

26. The Professional Open Source™ Company CUSTOMERS

27. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss numbers A large community 40,000 documentation sets sold 500 contributors over time, 20 core (JBoss Inc) INNOVATION INNOVATION INNOVATION A standard in the market: #1 in development More than 4M downloads in last two years alone A standard in the market: #1 in OEM Analyst private communication A Standard for System Integrators #2 in growth CRN survey puts JBoss certified consultant at #2 in fastest growing certification with large systems integrators A standard in the market: # 3 in production BZResearch survey. 13% in 2002, 27% in 2003, largest growth of all servers JDJ survey: 70% of users go to Deployment.

28. The Professional Open Source™ Company J2EE Update JBoss has licensed the TCK for J2EE 1.4 Work in progress Founders Program Partners who are helping JBoss with the Certification effort include Borland Iona Intel SchlumbergerSema Unisys WebMethods Sonic

29. The Professional Open Source™ Company Professional Open Source Revenue from Services Back Office model with EXPERTS (5% utilization) Focus on quality of service as sole source of income Attract & Retain Top Developers Paid Open Source Development, boost to projects Support is “developer to developers” Commercial Quality Code Control over the quality of source, dedicated resources JBoss Group, the best support for JBoss Direct and unique chain of control in open source: Support → Bug Fix → Next Version Expand Services offering Include support for Tomcat, hibernate and JavaGroup (JGroups)

30. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss Production Support Staffed with the lead developers of JBoss Inc. Projects Enables quick problem resolution from EXPERTS No navigating through levels of escalation Prices range from $8,000 - $250,000 Price determined by Service Level Agreement Number of named projects NO PER CPU COSTS Eliminate procurement headaches Eliminate tracking of licenses Eliminate vendor audits Eliminate architecture decision based on cost of CPU licenses

31. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss Authorized Service Partner (JASP) Expand Partnerships & Channel ISV and OEM Systems Integrators Systems Vendors Partner does 1 st / 2 nd line JBoss does expert 3 rd line Leverage installed base of JBoss Leverage existing partner channels to increase service coverage Provide high level support with 1 st line presence and 3 rd line expertise.

32. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss the projects JBoss AS Full J2EE support, EJB, JMX, JMS, JCA, JAASJBoss AS Hibernate O/R Mapping solution.Hibernate Tomcat JSP/Servlet/Web server.Tomcat JBossIDE Eclipse integration, tag driven development. Debugging.JBossIDE JBossCache Distributed data.JBossCache JGroups Reliable multicast and cluster communicationJGroups Nukes JBoss portal and CMS.Nukes JBossAOP Aspect-Oriented Programming with JBoss 4.0.JBossAOP Javassist Simple bytecode manipulation libraryJavassist

33. The Professional Open Source™ Company Market Demand & JBoss Product Evolution EJB Application Server Microkernel, JMX, J2EE API’s Clustering, Tomcat, Web Services Aspects, J2EE 1.4 4.0 3.23.02.01.0 Developer Tactical Enterprise O/R Mapping Portal Byte Code Manipulation … JBoss Version

34. The Professional Open Source™ Company JMX Architecture (2/4) Server JVM MBean Server Service MBean Microkernel design Independent cycling and loading Hot Deployment of services and applications Unified ClassLoaders, total Class visibility/cyclability Service Archives (SARs) for easy configuration and net deployment

35. The Professional Open Source™ Company Data Sources EJB Containers WARDeployer Deployers: Bringing in the Services Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer EJBDeployer EARDeployer SARDeployer *.xAR Naming Service Security Service Message Service Transaction Service Transaction Service

36. The Professional Open Source™ Company JAR 3 RAR 3 Custom SAR Microkernel benefits for SOA architecture Microkernel approach ideal for ISV and OEM Easily remove the services you don’t need Tight footprint and modular codebase and hot deploy/remove/redeploy JBoss is a TRUE Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Data Sources Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer EARDeployer SARDeployer *.xAR Naming Service Security Service Transaction Service Transaction Service Data Sources EJB Containers WARDeployer Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer EJBDeployer EARDeployer SARDeployer *.xAR Naming Service Security Service Message Service Transaction Service Transaction Service JAR 1 RAR 3 EAR 2 WAR 1 Application AApplication B

37. The Professional Open Source™ Company Deployers: Working from the Network Microkernel DeploymentScanner Microkernel DeploymentScanner HTTP Scan MainDeployer Load Services Deployment Packages Web Server Administrator Machine 2 Machine 1

38. The Professional Open Source™ Company Deployers: Working from the Network Deployment Packages Web Server Administrator Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer Machine 4 Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer Machine 3 Microkernels and netboot enable new grid control Domain of applicability: Robot control, Storage area networks, Next generation routers Mars Lander syndrome hardware ships with software Burn kernel in flash ram Deploy applications from centralized repository Remote load at a later time It changes the way robot/router grids are built, deployed and managed. Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer Machine 2 Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer Machine 1 Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer Machine 5 Microkernel DeploymentScanner MainDeployer Machine 6

39. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss 3.x Series EJB Client JVM JMX Microkernel Server JVM EJB Container MBean 011101010101 RemoteInvoker Typed Interface Client Proxy RemoteInvoker EJB Container MBean Service MBean Invocation Port 1234 Port 4321 Client EJB 2.0 No compiler approach (speed of development) Externalized stack of interceptors (AOP) Full CMP 2.0 engine migrating to Hibernate backend Integration with Tomcat in memory Advanced Security

40. The Professional Open Source™ Company An EJB Container An EJB container is the sum of Interceptors Plugins per container MBeans in the server Bean Lock Bean Lock Cache CMP Engine CMP Engine Transaction Lock Connection Synchronization Security Cache Microkernel Data Source Transaction Manager Transaction Manager

41. The Professional Open Source™ Company Client Authentication Overview ClientSide Client performs a login to establish principal and credentials Subsequent Bean method invocations include principal and credential with method info JBossServer JaasSecurityManager validates client principal and credentials by executing the JAAS LoginModule stack associated with the security domain name

42. The Professional Open Source™ Company Security overview The JBossSX framework includes a number of bundled login modules Suitable for integration with standard security infrastructure store protocols such as LDAP and JDBC Also includes standard base class implementations that help enforce the expected LoginModule to Subject usage pattern to help integrate your own authentication protocol. The JBossSX framework includes an implementation of SRP that consists of the following elements: An implementation of the SRP-3 handshake protocol A client side JAAS LoginModule A JMX MBean. It also establishes an authentication cache that is bound into the JBoss server JNDI namespace. A server side JAAS LoginModule implementation that uses the authentication cache managed by the SRP JMX

43. The Professional Open Source™ Company Web services in JBoss Overview: JBoss.net Specifies how JBoss server components are exposed as Web service Stateless Session Beans Web components POJO as servlet

44. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss Hibernate Hibernate IS EJB 3.0 CMP CMP is an API and XML mappings Hibernate is the actual persistence engine Hibernate caches are being integrated with JBossCache Full distributed data with OR backend on one node

45. The Professional Open Source™ Company Hibernate Part of JBoss full-time Gavin King and Christian Bauer on board Persistence for POJOs (JavaBeans) Flexible and intuitive mapping Support for fine-grained object models Powerful, high performance queries Dual-Layer Caching Architecture (HDLCA) Support for detached objects (no DTOs) Transparent Persistence Automatic dirty checking Transitive Persistence Smart fetching and caching Smooth migration to EJB3.0 Consulting and support available as part of JBoss inc

46. The Professional Open Source™ Company Tomcat 5.0.x improvements Tomcat’s Remy Maucherat is on JBoss inc staff Performance optimizations and reduced garbage collection Optional standalone deployer (validation and precompilation of webapps) Scalability and reliability enhancements Complete server monitoring using JMX Improved Taglibs handling, including advanced pooling and tag plugins Embedding of Tomcat using JMX Enhanced Security Manager support (now allows very restrictive policies) Expanded documentation Consulting and support available as part of JBoss inc

47. The Professional Open Source™ Company Tomcat standalone or Tomcat inside JBoss ? Better JBoss deployer Hot deployment Deployment of nested archives (EARs, SARs) Redeployment Automatic undeployment Advanced clustering Integrated J2EE stack within one VM Deployment descriptor Optimized local calls Integrated security AOP in JBoss 4.0 available in Tomcat components and webapps Easy to use classloader Nukes

48. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss IDE JBoss IDE is based on Eclipse. Series of plugins for Eclipse The debugging and monitoring of JBoss servers and the control of their life cycle (start/stop). A very comfortable and sophisticated support for XDoclet Support completion and generation Support for AOP (completion and generation). An easy way to configure and deploy the packaging layout of archives (packed or exploded)

49. The Professional Open Source™ Company What Is JBossCache? What is JBossCache? A transactional replicated cache for JBoss with and without AOP (aspect-oriented programming) A cache for frequently accessed elements Stateful Session Beans, HTTPSession Caches are used in a number of places in JBoss This one provides a central cache service (MBean interface) All access goes through the cache Write-through (lazy or eager) Reads only access the cache (very fast on cache hits) Items not in the cache are loaded (e.g. from database) Bounded size; old items are removed by eviction policy Local (=non-replicated) and replicated caches Replicated caches are the interesting part

50. The Professional Open Source™ Company Feature Transactions All modifications done within TX, replication at TX commit. No replication on rollback Locking Access to nodes serialized by locks Lock acquisition timeouts used for deadlock prevention Replication local: in-VM, no replication repl-async: replication done on separate thread repl-sync: replication done on user's thread, wait for all acks All combinations supported From local/no-tx/no-locking to repl/tx/locking Ex: repl-async/no-locking/TX

51. The Professional Open Source™ Company Nukes on JBoss ™ Nukes on JBoss is a port of PHP postnukes Scalability problems with Zend engine Full port to EJB/J2EE. Leverage the vast library of nukes modules Most of PN modules are ported Core : offers the core functionalities to other modules Security, lifecycle management, parameterization User : enables user management Html : stores files, filesystem is abstracted, stored in DB Sections : edit/publish articles FORUMS!!!!

52. The Professional Open Source™ Company CMS: ease of update for non- techies

53. The Professional Open Source™ Company Nukes components

54. The Professional Open Source™ Company JBoss Q&A Website: www.jboss.org and www.jboss.comwww.jboss.orgwww.jboss.com Email: marc.fleury@jboss.commarc.fleury@jboss.com THANK YOU! And remember we love you