1. Techniques of Floral Design

2. Basing
                                             
Pave
Terracing
Layering
Pillowing/Clustering

3. Basing
Clustering/Pillowing - items together so close can’t tell they are individual
Layering – cover surface overlapping – no space
Terracing - stair steps horizontally
Pave – no variation of depth

4. Bunching & Tufting
Bunching -Inserting similar materials in the arrangement together, but not tied
Tufting – radial clustering to emphasize the bunch

5. Grouping/Zoning
Same material in certain area with space between each group

6. Shadowing
Directly behind other (creates depth)

7. Banding
One or more ring on a branch or stem, used as an accent (for decorative purposes)

8. Tying things together Binding – functional to hold together
Bailing – tying into 3-D shape
Bundling – radial bottom (like hand-tied bouquet)

9. Weaving/Sewing – related techniques
Braiding – 3 strands
Lacing
Sewing
Tayloring – modifying the appearance by trimming, knotting gluing, pinning, etc.
Weaving
Wrapping

10. Framing
Branches or flowers are used to showcase the materials within

11. Protecting/Arrangement Underneath
Sheltering
Veiling

12. Collaring
Completely encircling with foliage or other decorative material

13. Kubari
Stems & branches placed in a container to serve as a mechanical support (often decorative as well)

14. Abstracting Removing plant parts to change the look of the plant:
Ex: removing petals on gerbera daisy or subflower completely, or just half of them on one side
Cutting rose to look like ranunculus