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Sustainable Hotel Design Group 5 Presentation 4 Demand/Supply Matching.

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Presentation on theme: "Sustainable Hotel Design Group 5 Presentation 4 Demand/Supply Matching."— Presentation transcript:

1 Sustainable Hotel Design Group 5 Presentation 4 Demand/Supply Matching

2 Where We Are Now Site C Building Design North 1 st level Ground level

3 Reducing Lighting demand Low lighting Requirement Rooms -50 lux Halls/stairs - 150 lux Restaurant- 150 lux High lighting Requirement Swimming pool - 300lux Gym - 500 lux Kitchen- 500 lux Office - 500 lux Lighting Most important factor for safety and comfort

4 Artificial lighting Energy used to light building for 20 hours of the day. Lumen method used to gain amount of luminaires, savings: Bedroom 0.5MWh, Restaurant 17.8MWh, Kitchen 35MWh, Minimise demand by using energy efficient lamps Replace smaller fittings with Compact fluorescent 20w Replace larger fittings with tubular fluorescent 60w Compare against tungsten 100w filament Energy Reduction = 80% (from efficacy)

5 Natural Day-lighting Building design optimised for natural daylight Daylight factor calculated using protractor Diffuse sky approx 5000lx (200lx available) 20% 10% 5% 4%

6 Control Lighting Control for bedrooms, (occupants) Dimmer switch. Internal removable shading. Key card system. Control for restaurant, office (control systems) Stepped PSALI and switch off zones Would require light sensors Master switch/timers

7 Natural ventilation and Heat Recovery Natural ventilation As previous design Heat Recovery –60% efficient –All air passes heat exchanger. –Need to be easily cleanable for kitchen

8 Mechanical Ventilation Using two Aerofoil bladed centrifugal pump (η 85%) For outside 0 and inside 30 Swimming pool load for fans= 1kW 7290m 3 /s Saving using heat recovery on heating load =35kW Kitchen load for fans=2kW 11520m 3 /s Required to remove contaminants from kitchen.

9 Fan Power

10 Previous Simulation Previously: Base Case 1 zone L-shape model Used to determine: Form Orientation Construction Glazing Area BASE CASE L-SHAPE

11 Zoned Model Zoned model determines: More accurate demand information Demand profiling Zonal environmental strategies Bedroom Floor area: 32m² Ventilation : 1 ac/h Operations Lighting: 50W Occupancy: 22:00 – 07:00 Design temperature 19-21°C (CIBSE Guide B1)

12 Tweaking the Design Glazing Area: 30% Minimise overheating in summer Reduce heat loss in winter Ventilation rate Summer:3 ac/h 10:00 – 18:00 1 ac/h18:00 – 10:00 (following day) Winter / Transition: 1 ac/h 00:00 - 24:00 Construction Varied load bearing block work to timber construction

13 Timber Wall Construction U-value 0.20W/m²K Decrement Delay 12.4 hr Sound absorption >52db Advantages Cost competitive Fewer layers allows slimmer construction Vapour permeable without membranes – no interstitial condensation Matches thermal and acoustic properties of heavyweight builidings Materials are non-toxic and low embodied energy

14 Timber Roof Construction U-value 1.7 W/m²K (with 200mm pavatherm) Decrement delay 11.5 hr Sound absorption > 47db Advantages Reduces overheating and external noise Vapour permeable without membranes prevents interstitial condensation Materials are non toxic with low embodied energy

15 Bedroom Seasonal Performance Typical summer day (free floating) 3ac/h (07:00-22:00), 1ac/h (22:00-07:00) Typical spring day Heating requirement 3.73 kWh Typical winter day Heating requirement 22.29 kWh

16 Bedroom Demand Profile Sensible heating load Winter (typical) Varies between 0.3-0.5 kW Transition (typical) Peak 04:00-08:00 about 0.25 kW Off 14:00-20:00 Summer (typical) Most days require no heating Some days require boost 0.03kW from 04:00-8:00

17 Electrical Demand kWh per year Lighting27, 890 Catering20, 500 Ventilation2,400 Cooling0 Equipment2, 920 Swimming pool8,500 GSHP30,000 Other2, 920 Total95, 630

18 Thermal Demand kWh per year Space Heating93, 440 Hot water70, 080 Swimming pool17, 520 Catering40, 000 Total221, 040

19 Final Demand Analysis Our hotel consumes: –56% less energy than typical practice –33% less energy than best practice

20 Demand /Supply Matching - HOMER Manipulation to model –CHP system Biogas Generator Heat recovered from generator – imitate GSHP + Heat recovery Boiler – imitate thermal supply from CHP Resources –Wind – ESP-r database –Stream Flow – 40 l/s –Biomass – Constant Supply Load Profiles –Thermal – ESP-r –Electrical – Good Energy

21 Initial Findings - Power 84% CHP 16% Wind 19% excess power WinterSummer Transition

22 Initial Findings - Thermal 69% CHP 31% GSHP 8% excess heat Transition SummerWinter

23 Alterations to Model Addition of Battery –152 kWh –304 kWh –408 kWh Subtraction of Hydro Power

24 Power - Matching 80% CHP 20% Wind 0% excess power Winter Summer Transition

25 Thermal - Matching 84% CHP 16% GSHP 3% excess heat Winter Summer Transition

26 Conclusions Final Supply Systems –Biomass CHP –Wind Energy –Ground Source Heat Pumps Do without Hydro Power Use of Batteries

27 Thank You For Listening Any Questions ?


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