1. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 1 Biomedical Electromagnetic Theory ENT 215 Biomedical Electromagnetic Theory ENT 215 Program of Electronic Biomedical School of Mechatronic Engineering University Malaysia Perlis Aisyah Hartini Jahidin ahartini@unimap.edu.my

2. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 2 Contact hour: Lecture – 3 hours per week Lab/Tutorial/Quiz – 2 hours per week Evaluation: Final Exam – 50% Mid Sem Test – 10% Assignment/Quiz – 10% Practical/Lab Test – 30% Course Assessment: 50%

3. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 3 Objectives This subject is the fundamental root of all the electrical and electronics engineering areas. On completion of this course, students should have a firm grasp of basic electromagnetic and identify their effects on the biosystem

4. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 4 Topics Covered Introduction to EM & Bioelectromagnetism Review of Vector Analysis Coulombs Law and Gauss Law Biot-Savart Law and Ampere’s Law Faraday’s Law Maxwell’s Equation EM Properties of Biological Materials Electromagnetic Frequency Spectrum Electrosmog or Radiation Pollution Interaction of Humans with Electromagnetic Fields Bioeffects of ELF Fields and Bioeffects of RFR

5. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 5 Text Book Matthew N.O. Sadiku “Elements of Electromagnetics”, 3rd Ed., Oxford University Press, 2001 Fawwaz T. Ulaby, “Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics”, 5th Ed., Pearson International Edition,2007 David K. Cheng, “Fundamentals of Engineering Electromagnetics” Addison Wesley, 1992 Joseph A. Edminister, “Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Electomagnetics”, 2nd Ed., McGraw Hill International Ed. 1995 Riadh W.Y. Habash, “Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation- Human Bioeffects and Safety”, Marcel Dekker, 2002 John G. Webster, “Encylopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation”, 2nd Ed., Wiley-Interscience, 2006 Dragan Poljak, “Human Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields”, WIT Press, 2004 Sinerik N. Ayrapetyan and Marko S. Markov, “Bioelectromagnetic Current Concepts”, Springer, 2005 Metin Akay, “Wiley Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering”, Wiley-Interscience, 2006 Andre V. Vorst, Arye Rosan and Youji Kotsuka, “RF/Microwave Interaction with Biological Tissues”, Wiley-Interscience, 2006 William H. Hayt, Jr and John A. Buck “Engineering Electromagnetics”, 7th Ed., McGraw Hill, International Ed. 2006 References

6. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 6 Introduction to Electromagnetic Fields Electromagnetics is the study of the effect of charges at rest and charges in motion. Some special cases of electromagnetics: –Electrostatics: charges at rest –Magnetostatics: charges in steady motion (DC) –Electromagnetic waves: waves excited by charges in time-varying motion

7. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 7 Introduction to Electromagnetic Fields When an event in one place has an effect on something at a different location, we talk about the events as being connected by a “field”. A field is a spatial distribution of a quantity; in general, it can be either scalar or vector in nature.

8. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 8 Electric and magnetic fields: –Are vector fields with three spatial components. –Vary as a function of position in 3D space as well as time. –Are governed by partial differential equations derived from Maxwell’s equations. Introduction to Electromagnetic Fields

9. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 9 Normal component of the electric field on the surfaces of a twisted waveguide. Simulation based on a nonorthogonal discretization. Electric field strength of the fundamental mode in a circulator. Field polarization through a ferromagnetic post. Rotating View Electric field strength of the fundamental mode in a circulator without field polarization. Electric field strength of the fundamental mode in a circulator. Field polarization through a ferromagnetic post. Electromagnetic Waves

10. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 10 Transversal component of the electric field in a bended waveguide at 1.3GHz. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® - Simulation. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® Transversal component of the electric field in a bended waveguide at 1.3GHz. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® - Simulation. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® Electric field strength in a T-waveguide (Magic-T) at 30GHz. Reflection-optimized configuration. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® Electric field strength in a T-waveguide (Magic-T) at 30GHz. Non-optimal configuration. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO® CST MICROWAVE STUDIO®

11. Dr.-Ing. René Marklein - EFT I - SS 06 - Lecture 1 / Vorlesung 1 11 transmitter and receiver are connected by a “field.” The cutting edge areas in related applications and research telecommunication

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