1. 1 Functions (Bag 2)

2. 2 Topik Scope Prototypes

3. 3 Scope Variabel yg dideklarasikan dalam badan fungsi (termasuk formal parameter) yang hanya dpt diakses pd saat fungsi sedang di eksekusi Buktinya, hal ini benar dari tiap blok dalam suatu program.

4. 4 int globalVar = 0; int increment ( int paramVar ) { int localVar = 2; extern int globalVar; globalVar += localVar; return (paramVar + localVar); } int main() { int localVar = 5; for (localVar=0; localVar < 5; localVar++) { int blockVar = 1; blockVar = increment(blockVar); } printf("%d\n", globalVar); printf("%d\n", blockVar); /* Error! diluar scope */ return 0; } Contoh: scope.c

5. 5 int globalVar = 0; int increment ( int paramVar ) { int localVar = 2; extern int globalVar; globalVar += localVar; return (paramVar + localVar); } int main() { int localVar = 5; for (localVar=0; localVar < 5; localVar++) { int blockVar = 1; blockVar = increment(blockVar); } printf("%d\n", globalVar); printf("%d\n", blockVar); /* Error! diluar scope */ return 0; } Contoh: scope.c Deklarasi variabel Global

6. 6 int globalVar = 0; int increment ( int paramVar ) { int localVar = 2; extern int globalVar; globalVar += localVar; return (paramVar + localVar); } int main() { int localVar = 5; for (localVar=0; localVar < 5; localVar++) { int blockVar = 1; blockVar = increment(blockVar); } printf("%d\n", globalVar); printf("%d\n", blockVar); /* Error! diluar scope */ return 0; } Contoh: scope.c Variables local pd block ini.

7. 7 int globalVar = 0; int increment ( int paramVar ) { int localVar = 2; extern int globalVar; globalVar += localVar; return (paramVar + localVar); } int main() { int localVar = 5; for (localVar=0; localVar < 5; localVar++) { int blockVar = 1; blockVar = increment(blockVar); } printf("%d\n", globalVar); printf("%d\n", blockVar); /* Error! diluar scope */ return 0; } Contoh: scope.c Scope dr variable localVar.

8. 8 int globalVar = 0; int increment ( int paramVar ) { int localVar = 2; extern int globalVar; globalVar += localVar; return (paramVar + localVar); } int main() { int localVar = 5; for (localVar=0; localVar < 5; localVar++) { int blockVar = 1; blockVar = increment(blockVar); } printf("%d\n", globalVar); printf("%d\n", blockVar); /* Error! diluar scope */ return 0; } Contoh: scope.c Scope dr variablel blockVar.

9. 9 Prototyping Function Fungsi harus di deklarasikan sebelum di gunakan (spt variables) Deklarasi ini disebut “prototype” Menentukan nama, parameter dan return type dari function, tanpa badan fungsi.

10. 10 Contoh: Continuing Fraction Diberikan n dan terms, hitung: y = 1 1+ 1+ 1 1+ 1 +1 n... Terms jml bentuk Pecahan yg di bagi

11. 11 Contoh: Continuing Fraction Contoh: jika n adl 2, dan terms adl 1: y = 1+ 1 +1 n = 1+ 1 +1 2  1.33333

12. 12 Fraction(n, terms) Contoh: Continuing Fraction Diberikan n dan terms, hitung: y = 1 1+ 1+ 1 1+ 1 +1 n...

13. 13 Contoh: Continuing Fraction Sum(n, terms) 1 1+ 1 1+ 1 +1 n...

14. 14 Fraction(n, terms - 1) Contoh: Continuing Fraction 1+ 1 1+ 1 +1 n...

15. 15 Sum(n, 1) Contoh: Continuing Fraction 1 +1 n Term terakhir:

16. 16 Contoh: cfraction.c Fraction ( n, terms ) { return 1 / Sum ( n, terms ) } hit pecahan berkelanjutan input n, terms set sum to 1 + Fraction(n, terms) output sum Sum ( n, terms ) { if ( last term ) then return 1 + n else return 1 + Fraction ( n, terms - 1 ) }

17. 17 #include /*******************************\ hit pecahan berkelanjutan \*******************************/ double Fraction(double n, int terms); double Sum(double, int); int main() { double n, sum; int terms; printf("Enter n and nterms: "); scanf("%lf %d", &n, &terms); sum = 1 + Fraction(n, terms); printf("%.32f\n", sum); return 0; } hit pecahan berkelanjutan input n, terms set sum to 1 + Fraction(n, terms) output sum Contoh: cfraction.c

18. 18 #include /*******************************\ hit pecahan berkelanjutan \*******************************/ double Fraction(double n, int terms); double Sum(double, int); int main() { double n, sum; int terms; printf("Enter n and nterms: "); scanf("%lf %d", &n, &terms); sum = 1 + Fraction(n, terms); printf("%.32f\n", sum); return 0; } hit pecahan berkelanjutan input n, terms set sum to 1 + Fraction(n, terms) output sum Contoh: cfraction.c Function prototypes

19. 19 double Fraction(double n,int terms) { return (1 / Sum(n,terms)); } double Sum(double n, int terms) { if (terms==1) { return 1 + n; } else { return (1 + Fraction(n,terms-1)); } Fraction ( n, terms ) { return 1 / Sum ( n, terms ) } Sum ( n, terms ) { if ( last term ) { return 1 + n } else { return (1 + Fraction (n, terms-1)) } Contoh: cfraction.c

20. 20 #include /*******************************\ hit pecahan berkelanjutan \*******************************/ double Fraction(double n, int terms); double Sum(double, int); int main() { double n, sum; int terms; printf("Enter n and nterms: "); scanf("%lf %d", &n, &terms); sum = 1 + Fraction(n, terms); printf("%.32f\n", sum); return 0; } Header Files: Jika fungsi sering dipakai, prototipe fungsi biasanya disimpan dalam “header” file (file dg extensi.h )

21. 21 double Fraction(double n, int terms); double Sum(double, int); funcs.h funcs.c double Fraction(double n,int terms) { return (1 / Sum(n,terms)); } double Sum(double n, int terms) { if (terms==1) { return 1 + n; } else { return (1 + Fraction(n,terms-1)); } Header Files:

22. 22 #include #include “funcs.h” #include “funcs.c” int main() { double n, sum; int terms; printf("Enter n and nterms: "); scanf("%lf %d", &n, &terms); sum = 1 + Fraction(n, terms); printf("%.32f\n", sum); return 0; } cfraction.c Header Files:

23. 23 Berisi prototipe fungsi utk standard input/output. Standard header files biasanya disimpan dalam include directory. #include #include “funcs.h” #include “funcs.c” int main() { double n, sum; int terms; printf("Enter n and nterms: "); scanf("%lf %d", &n, &terms); sum = 1 + Fraction(n, terms); printf("%.32f\n", sum); return 0; } Header Files: