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Magic Pen Energy Game (http://www.miniclip.com/games/en/) Hydroelectric Video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htT_8sFJx1w) Solar Power Video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91UKEOLf-VM)

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Presentation on theme: "Magic Pen Energy Game (http://www.miniclip.com/games/en/) Hydroelectric Video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htT_8sFJx1w) Solar Power Video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91UKEOLf-VM)"— Presentation transcript:

1 Magic Pen Energy Game (http://www.miniclip.com/games/en/) Hydroelectric Video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htT_8sFJx1w) Solar Power Video (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91UKEOLf-VM) Solar Heating (http://www.southface.org/solar/solar-roadmap/solar_how-to/solar-how_solar_works.htm) Solar Cooling (http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/home/heating_cooling/evaporative.html) Energy

2 Matter Virginia Department of Education Standards of Learning Grades 3-5 Hollins Elementary Science Institute for Teachers Hollins University June 30, 2008 Dr. Daniel R. Derringer

3 Standard 3.3 The student will investigate and understand that objects are made of materials that can be described by their physical properties. Key concepts include a) objects are made of one or more materials; b) materials are composed of parts that are too small to be seen without magnification; c) physical properties remain the same as the material is reduced in size. Relevant Standards

4 Standard 5.4 The student will investigate and understand that matter is anything that has mass, takes up space, and occurs as a solid, liquid, or gas. Key concepts include a) atoms, elements, molecules, and compounds; b) mixtures including solutions; and c) the effect of heat on the states of matter. Relevant Standards

5 Classification of Matter

6 Glossary † Matter – Anything that occupies space and has mass. † Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; Burdge, J. R. “Chemistry, The Central Science”; Prentice Hall: New Jersey, 2003. Classification of Matter

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8 Glossary † Matter – Anything that occupies space and has mass. Mixture – A combination of two or more substances in which each substances retains its own chemical identity. Pure Substance – Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties. † Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; Burdge, J. R. “Chemistry, The Central Science”; Prentice Hall: New Jersey, 2003. Classification of Matter

9 Mixture or Pure Substance? Classification of Matter

10 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Classification of Matter MIXTURE

11 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Classification of Matter MIXTURE

12 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Classification of Matter MIXTURE

13 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Sugar Classification of Matter PURE SUBSTANCE

14 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Sugar Salt Classification of Matter PURE SUBSTANCE

15 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Sugar Salt Water Classification of Matter PURE SUBSTANCE

16 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Sugar Salt Water Air Classification of Matter MIXTURE

17 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Sugar Salt Water Air Brass Classification of Matter MIXTURE

18 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Sugar Salt Water Air Brass Bronze Classification of Matter MIXTURE

19 Mixture or Pure Substance? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Sugar Salt Water Air Brass Bronze Granite Classification of Matter MIXTURE

20 Classification of Matter

21 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Classification of Matter

22 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Classification of Matter HOMOGENEOUS

23 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola Classification of Matter HOMOGENEOUS

24 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Classification of Matter HETEROGENEOUS

25 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Air Classification of Matter HOMOGENEOUS

26 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Air Brass Classification of Matter HOMOGENEOUS

27 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Air Brass Bronze Classification of Matter HOMOGENEOUS

28 Heterogeneous or Homogeneous? Coffee Coca-Cola Milk Air Brass Bronze Granite Classification of Matter HETEROGENEOUS

29 Classification of Matter

30 Glossary † Matter – Anything that occupies space and has mass. Mixture – A combination of two or more substances in which each substances retains its own chemical identity. Pure Substance – Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties. Compound – A substance composed of two or more elements united chemically in definite proportions. Element – A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. † Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; Burdge, J. R. “Chemistry, The Central Science”; Prentice Hall: New Jersey, 2003. Classification of Matter

31 Time-Life Periodic Table of the Elements Lenntech Periodic Table Classification of Matter

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33 Glossary † Matter – Anything that occupies space and has mass. Mixture – A combination of two or more substances in which each substances retains its own chemical identity. Pure Substance – Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties. Compound – A substance composed of two or more elements united chemically in definite proportions. Element – A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. Atom – The smallest representative particle of an element. † Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; Burdge, J. R. “Chemistry, The Central Science”; Prentice Hall: New Jersey, 2003. Classification of Matter

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35 Glossary † Matter – Anything that occupies space and has mass. Mixture – A combination of two or more substances in which each substances retains its own chemical identity. Pure Substance – Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties. Compound – A substance composed of two or more elements united chemically in definite proportions. Element – A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. Atom – The smallest representative particle of an element. Electron – A negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the atomic nucleus. Nucleus – The very small, very dense, positively charged portion of the atom; it is composed of protons and neutrons. † Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; Burdge, J. R. “Chemistry, The Central Science”; Prentice Hall: New Jersey, 2003. Classification of Matter

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37 Glossary † Matter – Anything that occupies space and has mass. Mixture – A combination of two or more substances in which each substances retains its own chemical identity. Pure Substance – Matter that has a fixed composition and distinct properties. Compound – A substance composed of two or more elements united chemically in definite proportions. Element – A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. Atom – The smallest representative particle of an element. Electron – A negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the atomic nucleus. Nucleus – The very small, very dense, positively charged portion of the atom; it is composed of protons and neutrons. Proton – A positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of the atom. Neutron – An electrically neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom. Isotopes – Atoms of the same element containing different numbers of neutrons. † Brown, T. L.; LeMay, H. E.; Bursten, B. E.; Burdge, J. R. “Chemistry, The Central Science”; Prentice Hall: New Jersey, 2003. Classification of Matter

38 Approximately how many atoms of copper are present in a 3-g pre-1982 penny? atomic weight of copper: 63.546 g (for every mole of copper atoms) One mole of anything is equivalent to 6.02 X 10 23 ? Cu atoms = 63.546 g Cu3 g Cu 6.02 X 10 23 Cu atoms ? Cu atoms is approximately 3 X 10 22 Atomic Dimensions

39 How high would a stack of pennies be if it contained 3 X 10 22 pre-1982 pennies? The height of one penny is approximately 1 mm. The stack would be 3 X 10 22 mm high. What is this height in miles? 3 X 10 22 mm 1 cm 10 mm 1 in 2.54 cm 12 in 1 ft1 mi 5,280 ft 2 X 10 16 mi XXXX= The average distance to the moon is approximately 240,000 mi. 8 X 10 10 (stacks) 2 X 10 16 mi 240,000 mi = There are approximately 7 X 10 9 people in this world. 8 X 10 10 stacks 6 X 10 9 people 10 stacks per person (roughly) = Atomic Dimensions

40 Perimeter = 1.7 mi Circumference = 1.7 mi Atomic Dimensions

41 C =  x D 1.7 mi = 3.14 x D D = 0.54 mi Atomic Dimensions

42 The diameter of an average size atom is approximately 10 -8 m. The diameter of an average size nucleus is approximately 10 -13 m. Given these magnitudes, what would the diameter of a nucleus be, if the the diameter of the atom were 0.54 mi? 10 -13 m 10 -8 m ? mi 0.54 mi = ? mi5.4 X 10 -6 mi = 10 mm 1 cm 2.54 cm 1 in 1 ft 12 in5,280 ft 1 mi 9 mm (roughly) XXXX= Atomic Dimensions

43 The approximate mass of a piece of nuclear matter this size would be 250 million tons! Atomic Dimensions


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