2. 《读写教程 4 》 EX: II, P. 66 EX: II, P. 66 《读写教程 4 》 EX: V, P. 67 EX: V, P. 67 《读写教程 4 》 EX: IV, P. 67 EX: IV, P. 67 《读写教程 4 》 EX: III, P. 66 EX: III, P. 66 Exercises 《读写教程 4 》 EX: IX, P. 69 EX: IX, P. 69 《读写教程 4 》 EX: VIII, P. 69 EX: VIII, P. 69 《读写教程 4 》 EX: VII, P. 68 EX: VII, P. 68 《读写教程 4 》 EX: VI, P. 68 EX: VI, P. 68 《读写教程 4 》 EX: X, P. 70 EX: X, P. 70Comprehension Vocabulary Collocation Word Building Structure Translation 《读写教程 4 》 EX: XI, P. 70 EX: XI, P. 70

3. III. Exercises--Comprehension 1. What does the author mean by saying “A welfare client is supposed to cheat. Everybody expects it”? He means that a welfare client is believed to lie to get a little extra welfare money and those caseworkers know it well. Ex. II, p. 66 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. II, p. 66 II. Answer the following questions. Back 下一页上一页

4. III. Exercises--Comprehension He has chosen to live an honest life by drumming up some business outside and drawing cartoons for magazines. 3. What do caseworkers really expect welfare clients to do? They know clearly that they are being made fools of by some of their clients, and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as compensation. 2. How has the author chosen to live as a welfare client? Back 下一页上一页

5. III. Exercises--Comprehension 4. What is the author’s attitude towards caseworkers? He doesn’t think those caseworkers are to blame so he isn’t being bitter. 5. Why is the welfare system to blame, according to the author? Because he believes it practically requires people to lie. Back 下一页上一页

6. III. Exercises--Comprehension 6. How could the author possibly get his wheelchair repaired at last? He had to call a caseworker he called Suzanne first. After giving a little lecture, Suzanne was supposed to notify the medical worker, who would certify that there was a problem. Then the medical worker called the wheelchair repair companies to get the cheapest bid. Then the medical worker alerted the main welfare office. They considered the matter for days before calling back and approving the repair, if he was lucky. Back 下一页上一页

7. III. Exercises--Comprehension 7. What does the author think of the current welfare system? The system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the clients. Back 8. What kind of new welfare system does the author dream of? He dreams of a new system that will encourage the clients and help them to develop their talents, rather than seek to convict them of cheating. 下一页上一页

8. Ex. III, p. 66 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. III, p. 66 III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页上一页 1.If _________ of the charge he could face a prison sentence of six years. convicted receiptconvictalertprofile thrivebidrentbleed pensionleakentitledonation Back

9. V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页上一页 2. John believes that the ________ of food to the hungry is more helpful than giving money. 3. The West is ________ poorer countries dry through interest payments on their debts. 4. It has been estimated that around one in five pensioners _______ to these benefits do not actually claim them. donation bleeding entitled Back receiptconvictalertprofile thrivebidrentbleed pensionleakentitledonation

10. V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页上一页 Back 5. I decided to keep a low ______, after all I was a guest. 6. When you retire, you are allowed to exchange part of your expected _______ for a lump sum—and this is tax-free under the present law. profile pension receiptconvictalertprofile thrivebidrentbleed pensionleakentitledonation

11. V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页上一页 Back 7. My garden is too dry and shady—not many plants ______ in that condition. 8. We are ready to start services immediately upon ______ of government approval. thrive receiptconvictalertprofile thrivebidrentbleed pensionleakentitledonation receipt

12. Ex. IV, p. 67 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. IV, p. 67 V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页 IV. Fill in each of the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb. 1. His role was to drum ____ contributions and donations from friends in big business. up 上一页 2. It’s very easy to yield ____ the temptation to sign for a lot of money. to Back

13. V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页上一页 3. Children who talk ____ are regarded as cheeky ( 厚脸皮的 ) and disrespectful. back 4. As he poured the tea, Peter wondered if she’d told James about how she’d made a fool ____ him; perhaps they had laughed at him together. of Back

14. V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页上一页 5. News of her pregnancy soon gets _____ in the small neighborhood. around 6. You should review your situation, think about changes, look _____ the past and present before you revise your plans for your future. into Back

15. V. Exercises--Vocabulary 下一页上一页 7. If natural selection was to account ____ the evolution of man’s higher faculties, as Darwin was convinced it could, then those faculties must have a material basis. for 8. The computer lends itself _____ many different uses. to Back

16. Ex. V, p. 67 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. V, p. 67 V. Exercises--Collocation 下一页 V. Look at the following sentence taken from your reading passage. Just think about what else you can “endure” and fill in the sentences with the right word. 上一页 e. g. Each time mine broke down, lost a screw, needed a new roller bearing, the brake wouldn’t work, etc., and I called Suzanne, I had to endure a little lecture. Back

17. 1.The two men have endured the heaviest pres____ that could be imagined rather than betray their friend, Resenence Jeopardy. V. Exercises--Collocation 下一页上一页 pressure 2. In view of the hard_____ endured by many peasants, it is hardly surprising that there were outbreaks of discontent, sometimes in violent forms. hardships Back

18. V. Exercises--Collocation 下一页上一页 3. As intended, it was the highlight of the film and successfully reflected the pa__ endured by long-distance runners. 4. The general was clear that his troops could not endure another de____ in this freezing winter. 5. The passengers were informed that they had to endure a further de___ of two hours because of the heavy fog. pain defeat delay Back

19. V. Exercises--Collocation 下一页上一页 6. By mid-April the German soldiers were complaining that they would rather endure hun___ than make the dangerous expeditions ( 远征 ) for food. 7. I’d rather be a slave in comfort than endure those con_______ of freedom. 8. Little Tom had his eyes closed and his fists clenched ( 捏紧 ) tight as he summoned ( 鼓起 ) up every last ounce of courage in his eleven- year-old body to endure his father’s bad tem___ without weeping or crying out. hunger conditions temper Back

20. Ex. VI, p. 68 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. VI, p. 68 V. Exercises—Word Building 下一页 VI. The suffix -like is added to nouns to form adjectives with the meaning of being similar to or resembling. And the suffix -ish is added to nouns to form adjectives with the meaning of of the nature of or resembling. The suffix is also added to adjectives to form new adjectives with the meaning of having a small amount of the characteristics or quality described by the original adjective. For example: 上一页 Back

21. V. Exercises—Word Building 上一页 Now complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the words given in brackets, using either the suffix -like or the suffix -ish depending on the context. 下一页 1. After tea he wrote a ______ letter to Hilda. (long) longish Back violi n violin- like chil d childlike ladyladylikeshel l shell-like childchildishfoolfoolish darkdarkishlarg e largish

22. V. Exercises—Word Building 上一页下一页 2. The local paper criticized what it described as the __________ behavior of the football fans. (animal) 3. I know that when I have children, I have to be less ______. (self) animal-like selfish Back violi n violin- like chil d childlike ladyladylikeshel l shell-like childchildishfoolfoolish darkdarkishlarg e largish

23. V. Exercises—Word Building 上一页下一页 4. The flowers of mature lime trees ( 酸橙树 ) have a delicious _________ fragrance ( 芳 香 ). (honey) 5. There was a large, _______ structure on the top of the building. (ball) honey-like Back violi n violin- like chil d childlike ladyladylikeshel l shell-like childchildishfoolfoolish darkdarkishlarg e largish ball-like

24. violi n violin- like chil d childlike ladyladylikeshel l shell-like childchildishfoolfoolish darkdarkishlarg e largish V. Exercises—Word Building 上一页下一页 6. Even as an old man he retained his ______ charm. (boy) 7. You can see that the leaves of these trees vary from ________ green to dark green. (yellow) boyish yellowish Back

25. violi n violin- like chil d childlike ladyladylikeshel l shell-like childchildishfoolfoolish darkdarkishlarg e largish V. Exercises—Word Building 上一页下一页 8. It was a _______ production of the play: I’ve seen better but there have also been far worse. (good) goodish Back

26. Ex. VII, p. 68 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. VII, p. 68 V. Exercises—Word Building 下一页 VII. The suffix -ian is added to nouns and adjectives to form new nouns. Nouns formed in this way refer to a person whose job or hobby involves the thing referred to by the original noun. For example: 上一页 mathemati cs +-ian mathematician: a person who specializes in the study of mathematics history+-ian historian: a person who specializes in the study of history Back

27. V. Exercises—Word Building 下一页上一页 Look at the following words ending in -ian and think about their meanings. Then complete the following sentences with the newly formed nouns. 1. It’s strange: No one trusts _________, but we let them govern the world. politicians Back beauticia n electricia n magicianmusician politicianphysician technicia n comedian

28. V. Exercises—Word Building 下一页上一页 2. They are looking for a laboratory _________, who is very good at the detailed technical aspects of laboratory management. 3. The audience burst out laughing when the _________ copied the acts of Charlie Chaplin. technician comedian Back beauticia n electricia n magicianmusician politicianphysician technicia n comedian

29. V. Exercises—Word Building 下一页上一页 4. The blind man told him that the music seemed out of tune to their Western ears, but it had charm and he asked him to describe the _________ for him. 5. In this country _________ are required to report cases of dangerous contagious ( 传染 性的 ) diseases like AIDS as public-health hazards. musicians physicians Back beauticia n electricia n magicianmusician politicianphysician technicia n comedian

30. V. Exercises—Word Building 下一页上一页 6. We have been told that __________ are coming to do the rewiring on Tuesday. 7. When she was in London, she worked as a _________ and skin care specialist in an expensive salon ( 沙龙 ). 8. The children were all amused by the wonderful tricks the ________ performed. electricians beautician Back beauticia n electricia n magicianmusician politicianphysician technicia n comedian magician

31. Ex. VIII, p. 69 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. VIII, p. 69 V. Exercises—Structure 下一页 VIII. Study the models given below and rewrite each of the following sentences using the structure “be V-ed + to V ” with the verb provided. Pay attention to the tense and voice in the structure. 上一页 Back Model 1: People expect that a welfare client cheats. (suppose) A welfare client is supposed to cheat.

32. V. Exercises—Structure 下一页上一页 Model 2: It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion. (report) Two people are reported to have been killed in the explosion. Back 1. People believe that the wanted man is living in New York. (believe) The wanted man is believed to be living in New York.

33. V. Exercises—Structure 下一页上一页 2. It is said that many people are homeless after the floods. (say) Many people are said to be homeless after the floods. 3. People say that three men were arrested after the explosion. (say) Three men are said to have been arrested after the explosion. Back

34. 4. It is thought that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall. (think) V. Exercises—Structure 下一页上一页 The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall. 5. It is reported that four people were seriously injured in the accident. (report) Four people are reported to have been seriously injured in the accident. Back

35. Ex. IX, p. 69 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. IX, p. 69 V. Exercises—Structure 下一页 IX. Look at the following sentence taken from your reading passage. The verb “stop” is used with v-ing form. There are other verbs in English that can be followed either by an infinitive or an -ing form, but with different meanings. Now rewrite each of the sentences with the verb in the brackets and take care to think whether to use -ing form or infinitive. 上一页 Back

36. V. Exercises—Structure 下一页上一页 Model: The government no longer took care of our chairs. (stop) 1. He did send her flowers, but it didn’t have any effect. (try) He tried sending her flowers, but it didn’t have any effect. Back The government stopped taking care of our chairs.

37. V. Exercises—Structure 下一页上一页 2. I don’t feel sorry about telling her what I thought, even if I upset her. (regret) I don’t regret telling her what I thought, even if I upset her. 3. She read a biography ( 传记 ) about Charlie Chaplin, which described him as a Marxist. (remember) She remembered reading a biography about Charlie Chaplin, which described him as a Marxist. Back

38. V. Exercises—Structure 下一页上一页 4. We feel sorry but we have to inform you that we are unable to offer you employment. (regret) We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you employment. 5. He first welcomed the new student and then he turned to the topic of college regulations and made some explanations. (go on) He welcomed the new student and then went on to explain the college regulations. Back

39. Ex. X, p. 70 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. X, p. 70 V. Exercises—Translation 下一页 X. Translate the following sentences into English. You are legally entitled to take faulty goods back to the store where you purchased them, but you are supposed to account for why you want to do so. 1. 从法律上说，你完全可以将质量不过关的商 品退还给那家商店，但是应该解释清楚为什 么。 to be entitled to do 上一页 Back legally to account for

40. V. Exercises—Translation 下一页上一页 You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods. 2. 你只需填写一张表格就取得了会员资格， 它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。 to fill out a form Back to entitle you to a discount on goods

41. V. Exercises—Translation 下一页上一页 3. 一年前, 那位汽车经销商 (dealer) 以优质服 务来招揽顾客, 如今他的生意已十分红火。 by offering good services One year ago, the car dealer tried to drum up buyers by offering good services. Now, his business is thriving. to drum up buyers Back business be thriving

42. V. Exercises—Translation 下一页上一页 4. 这桩刑事案件经过仔细调查后，他被证明 犯了谋杀罪。 The crime was looked into carefully before he was convicted of murder. to look into carefully Back to be convicted of murder

43. V. Exercises—Translation 下一页上一页 5. 我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后, 我打电话向 高速公路巡逻队 (the Freeway Service Patrol) 求助,20 分钟后他们帮我解了围, 留下了一张 150 美元的收据。 I called the Freeway Service Patrol for help after my car broke down on the freeway. Twenty minutes later, they came to my rescue and left a $ 150 receipt. to break down Back to come to my rescue to call… for help

44. V. Exercises—Translation 下一页上一页 6. 由于面临失业的危险，这些工人只好接受 了管理部门的意见，重新回去工作。 to yield to… Faced with the threat of losing their jobs, these workers yielded to the management’s advice and went back to work. to be faced with… Back

45. V. Exercises—Translation 下一页上一页 7. 拐走孩子的那名中年男子向男孩的父亲 敲诈了两万美金，来补偿他公司的损失。 The middle-aged man who took the boy bled the father for $20,000 as a compensation for the loss of his company. Back as a compensation for the loss to bleed sb. for…

46. V. Exercises—Translation 上一页 8. 这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立 了自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆。 The man living on welfare began to set up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving. 下一页 the man living on welfare business be thriving Back one step at a time

47. 每个人都觉得靠社会福利救济的人在骗人。 1. A welfare client is supposed to cheat. Everybody expects it. V. Exercises--Translation XI. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Ex. XI, p. 70 《读写教程 IV 》 : Ex. XI, p. 70 下一页 上一页 Back

48. 但即使我抵抗不住这种诱惑，我投稿的那 些大杂志也不愿给自己惹麻烦。 2. But even if I yielded to that temptation, big magazines are not going to get involved in some sticky situation. V. Exercises--Translation 上一页 下一页 Back

49. 社会工作者心底里知道许多救济对象在欺 骗他们，因此他们觉得，作为补偿，他们 有权让救济对象点头哈腰。 3. Deep down, caseworkers know that they are being made fools of by many of their clients, and they feel they are entitled to have clients bow to them as compensation. V. Exercises--Translation 上一页 下一页 Back

50. 她这是在暗示我：得哀求她了。但是我却将她 顶了回去。 4. This was my cue to beg. Instead, I talked back. V. Exercises--Translation 上一页 下一页 Back 苏珊娜试图就修理轮椅的问题训斥我。由于福利 部门不愿花钱好好地修，所以我的轮椅经常坏。 5. Suzanne tries to lecture me about repairs to my wheelchair, which is always breaking down because welfare won’t spend the money to maintain it properly.

51. 我当然得经常用我的轮椅。我是一个工作 很积极的人，又不是植物人。 6. Of course I do. I’m an active worker, not a vegetable. V. Exercises--Translation 上一页 下一页 Back 7. There is no provision in the law for a gradual shift away from welfare. 如何逐渐脱离福利照顾，这在法律条款中 没有明确规定。

52. 我们需要一位律师来捍卫福利救济对象的 权利，因为这一福利体制不仅容易使救济 对象滥用权力，也很容易使福利提供者滥 用权力。 8. There needs to be a lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients, because the system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the clients. V. Exercises--Translation 上一页 下一页 Back