1. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 1 Free Powerpoint Templates A PRESENTATION ON TRANSLATION STUDIES Eray Aktaş

2. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 2 What’s a translation theory? It is an operational instrument which is both useful and occasional. Used by the translator as a frame of reference. It can also be named as “translatology”.

3. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 3 What are the stages of translation theory? -How do we classify the types of translation? -1) The linguistic Stage -2) The communicative Stage -3) The functionalist Stage -4) The ethical/asthetic Stage

4. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 4 THE LINGUISTIC STAGE It mainly covers literary texts, that is poetry, short stories, plays, novels and autobiography. This stage is mainly concerned with the contiunally recurring discussion of the merits of word-for-word, as opposed to sense-for-sense, translation. This is the pre-linguistics stage.

5. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 5 Aims of this stage: 1)The translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work 2)The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original 3)The translation should have all the ease of original composition.

6. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 6 THE COMMUNICATIVE STAGE This stage covers non-literary and literary texts. It is concerned with the categorization of the text registers, the participation of a range of readership groups, and the identification of types of procedures for translating various segments of a text. It marks the application of linguistics to translation studies.

7. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 7 THE FUNCTIONALIST STAGE It covers mainly non-literary texts, that is, “the real world”. It focuses on the intention of a text and its essential message, rather than the language of the source text. It tends to be seen as a commercial operation, with the author as the vendor, the text as the tender, and the readership as the consumer.

8. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 8 Aims of this translation type 1) Functional equivalence: The message of the original text is so transported into the receptor language that the response of the receptor is essentially like that of the original receptors. The standard Biblical example is “He gave them a hearty handshake all round”. 2) Formal Correspondence: The features of the form of the source text are mechanically reproduced in the receptor language. Typically, formal correspondence distorts the grammatical and stylistic patterns of the language, and so potentially distorts the message and misinforms the reader. “He gave each of them a holy kiss”.

9. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 9 THE ETHICAL STAGE This stage is concerned with authorative and official or documentary texts, and includes serious literary works. Since the turn of the milennium, Peter Mark have endeavored to establish that translation is a noble, truth-seeking profession and that a translation must not mislead readers to factually nor decieve them with false ideas; if such occur in the original, they must be corrected of glossed extratextually, depending as their ethical benchmark on the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human rights.

10. Free Powerpoint Templates Page 10 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING