Time to Take It Easy Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities.

Time to Take It Easy Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement I. Read aloud Read the following passage aloud, making a pause between sense groups. 1-1 Section Three: Detailed Reading El Dorado By Robert L. Stevenson It seems as if a great deal were attainable in a world/ where there are so many marriages and decisive battles,/ and where we all,/ at certain hours of the day,/ and with great gusto and dispatch,/ stow a portion of victuals/ finally and irretrievably into the bag/ which contains us./ And it would seem also,/ on a hasty view,/ that the attainment of as much as possible/ was the one goal of man’s contentious life./ And yet,/ as regards the spirit,/ this is but a semblance./ We live in an ascending scale/ where we live happily,/

Time to Take It Easy Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement 1-2 Section Three: Detailed Reading one thing leading to another in an endless series./ There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men,/ and although we dwell on a small planet,/ immersed in petty business/ and not enduring beyond a brief period of years,/ we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible,/ like stars,/ and the term of hoping is prolonged/ until the term of life./ To be truly happy /is a question of how we begin/ and not of how we end,/ of what we want/ and not of what we have./ An aspiration is a joy forever,/ a possession as solid as a landed estate,/ a fortune which we can never exhaust/ and which gives us year by year/ a revenue of pleasurable activity./ To have many of these/ is to be spiritually rich./ Life is not only a very dull and ill- directed theatre/ unless we have some interests in the piece;/

Time to Take It Easy Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement 1-3 Section Three: Detailed Reading and to those who have neither art nor science,/ the world is a mere arrangement of colors,/ or a rough footway/ where they may very well break their shins./ It is in virtue of his own desires and curiosities/ that any man continues to exist with even patience,/ that he is charmed by the look of things and people,/ and that he wakens every morning/ with a renewed appetite for work and pleasure./ Desire and curiosity are the two eyes/ through which he sees the world in the most enchanted colors:/ it is they that make women beautiful or fossils interesting;/ and the man may squander his estate and come to beggary,/ but if he keeps these two amulets/ he is still rich in the possibilities of pleasure.

Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities II. Audiovisual supplements Questions: 1.What is the relationship between the two men? And what are they talking about? 2.Why does Les become so angry? Film episode: American Beauty Answers for reference: 1.They are employer and employee. Brad is trying to explain to Les the cutbacks in personnel. And he wants Les to write a report in order to assess his job. 2.Because Brad is going to make some cutbacks in personnel. Les has served for this magazine for 14 years, nevertheless, he still has the chance to be fired. 1-2-1 Section Three: Detailed Reading Section Two: Global Reading Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Brad: Les: Brad: Les: Brad: Les: So, yeah, I’m sure you can understand our need to cut corners around here. Oh, sure. Times are tight. You got to free up some cash. You got to spend money to make money. Right? Exactly. Like the time that Mr. Flournoy used the company MasterCard to pay for that hooker, and she used the card numbers and stayed at the St. Regis for, what was it, three months? That’s unsubstantiated gossip. That’s $50,000. That’s somebody’s salary. That’s somebody who’s going to get fired because Craig has to pay women to fuck him! 1-2-2 Section Three: Detailed Reading Section Two: Global Reading Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Jesus. I mean, calm down. Nobody’s getting fired yet. That’s why we’re having everyone write out a job description mapping out in detail how they contribute. That way management can assess who’s valuable... And who’s expendable. It’s just business. I’ve been writing for this magazine for 14 years. Brad, you’ve been here how long? A whole month? I’m one of the good guys, Les. I’m trying to level with you. This is your one chance to save your job. 1-2-3 Section Three: Detailed Reading Section Two: Global Reading Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Brad: Les: Brad: Les: Brad:

Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities 1-2-1-1 Section Three: Detailed Reading Section Two: Global Reading Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement ■

Text analysis Structural analysis Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading 2-1 Cultural background In this text, the author tells us different attitudes about leisure and work, and analyzes the cause underlying the American attitude towards work. By introducing the topic of how to view the problem of leisure and work, Professor Gini explains the true meaning of “being lazy” — to take it easy. I. Text analysis Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Text analysis Structural analysis Section Two: Global Reading 2-2-1 Cultural background II. Structural analysis — — Section Three: Detailed Reading Section One: Pre-reading Activities Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Paragraphs 3 – 4one of the main differences between busy Britons and Americans and easygoing Europeans Paragraphs 1 – 2a sharp contrast between busy Americans and easygoing continental Europeans —Paragraph 5 the need to re-examine the American attitude to work

Text introduction Structural analysis Section Two: Global Reading 2-2-2 Cultural background Section Three: Detailed Reading Section One: Pre-reading Activities Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement —Paragraphs 9 – 10Oliver James’s view about time —Paragraphs 6 – 8the cause underlying the American attitude to work —Paragraphs 13– 14conclusion (raise a paradoxical problem and define the true significance of “being lazy”) —Paragraphs 11– 12further support to James’s view with the ideas of “the work rebels” and Brain Dean

Text analysis Structural analysis Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 2-3-1 Cultural background III. Cultural background Al Gini, a philosopher and radio commentator, notes that when responding to the question “How are you?” people usually respond with some form of “I am so busy!” This signals a distressing trend — we are so harried and hurried that we have no time for the things that truly matter and must be done slowly, such as sex, conversation, taking a leisurely stroll in nature, listening to what someone else is saying, relaxing at a concert, or just doing nothing. The world of multitasking and hyperactivity exhausts us and leaves us feeling listless. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Text analysis Structural analysis Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 2-3-2 Cultural background Section One: Pre-reading Activities Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Our lives are enriched by true leisure that feeds the soul. But contemporary Americans are missing the boat. They work 350 hours more per year than Europeans and 70 hours more than the Japanese. One in four Americans does not take a vacation at all. Joe Robinson, former editor of a travel magazine, has stated, “We’re the most vacation-starved country in the industrial world.” And let’s not forget that many people stay connected with the office and the daily financial news even while they are on vacation! Instead of a long vacation, many have opted for weekends away at a second home. But with this arrangement so much time is spent on commuting and maintenance of the property that it can seem like work. Shopping has become for many Americans a psychological substitute for leisure. For a while, it was even touted as a genuine form of patriotism!

Summer is coming, and much of Europe is getting ready to shut down for business. France spends the whole of August at the beach. Swedish workers take some of the five weeks paid holiday that their employers have to give them. In Spain and Italy, it’s siesta time. People leave their offices and sleep through the heat of the afternoon, returning to work in the pleasant cool of the evening. These relaxing scenes are not repeated everywhere. People in Britain work the longest hours in Europe. And people in the United States work the hardest of all Westerners — just over 49 hours a week for just over 50 weeks a year, on average. And researchers at the US Government’s Department of Labour recently found that Americans were taking 16 hours less leisure time a week compared with twenty years ago. Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-S Section One: Pre-reading Activities Time to Take It Easy Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Workers of the world, relax:

Many Americans are proud of their “work ethic”. They point out that the US is the richest and most powerful country in the world. You can’t make that happen by lying in bed. Attitude to work is one of the major differences between busy Britons and Americans and easygoing Europeans. And one of the big arguments within the European Union is over rules governing employment. Should continentals get busy like the British, or is it time for the British to relax a bit more? Even Americans are finding time to think about the issue. “I realized that my future is shorter than my past,” says Al Gini, a philosophy professor at Loyola University in Chicago. “I’ve got to take time now because, like it or not, time will be taken away from me.” Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-S Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

That’s why Professor Gini recently published a book called The Importance of Being Lazy, a call for his fellow Americans to learn the fine art of doing nothing. The real problem, says Professor Gini, is not so much work but the Western attitude to time. “We have never been comfortable with the idea of free time. It is not in our nature to just let time pass. Unstructured time, dead time, downtime, wasted time — it makes us ill at ease.” If time is not filled with work, he says, Americans fill it with shopping and sports, or they just consume the products of the entertainment industry — a multi- million dollar business whose only purpose is to help us pass the time when we are not working. Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-S Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

“We should give some time to contemplation, wonder and the development of ideas,” says Professor Gini. Yet the idea that time should be spent doing something runs very deep in Anglo-American culture. Work is not just good for your bank account. It’s good for your spiritual health, too. That’s not a view taken by British psychologist Oliver James. “Large polls of citizens from developed nations find that they say they are happier than those in developing ones. But when comparison is made between the different developed nations, the citizens of the richest are no more likely to say they are happier than those from the poorest,” he says. “When a society reaches the stage of being able to meet all its citizens’ basic needs, increasing their overall wealth does not make them happier.” Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-S Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

That’s a view supported by a growing “anti-work” movement in the US and Britain, a loosely connected group of campaigners dedicated to the idea that people should work to live, not live to work. As well as publishing guides on how to do nothing creatively, these work rebels organize events like “national phone in sick day”, encouraging staff to take unofficial days off. “Imagine how you feel going into work on Monday morning,” says Brian Dean, who edits the anti-work magazine Anxiety Culture. “If it makes you feel ill, then phone in sick.” The message seems to be getting through. In a recent survey, more than a third of British workers admitted to pretending to be sick to get time off work. But the anti-work rebels face a problem. People who work hard often forget to relax. They will have to work hard at learning to be lazy. Maybe it’s easier just to carry on. Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-S Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text14-S Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement “It is something you have to prepare for,” says Professor Gini. “The importance of being lazy means to not always be busy with something connected with your job. It’s about stopping working, doing something you would rather be doing, or the gentle art of doing ‘nothing’.” 756 words

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-W Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Summer is coming, and much of Europe is getting ready to shut down for business. France spends the whole of August at the beach. Swedish workers take some of the five weeks paid holiday that their employers have to give them. In Spain and Italy, it’s siesta time. People leave their offices and sleep through the heat of the afternoon, returning to work in the pleasant cool of the evening. These relaxing scenes are not repeated everywhere. People in Britain work the longest hours in Europe. And people in the United States work the hardest of all Westerners — just over 49 hours a week for just over 50 weeks a year, on average. And researchers at the US Government’s Department of Labour recently found that Americans were taking 16 hours less leisure time a week compared with twenty years ago. Time to Take It Easy Workers of the world, relax:

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-W Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Many Americans are proud of their “work ethic”. They point out that the US is the richest and most powerful country in the world. You can’t make that happen by lying in bed. Attitude to work is one of the major differences between busy Britons and Americans and easygoing Europeans. And one of the big arguments within the European Union is over rules governing employment. Should continentals get busy like the British, or is it time for the British to relax a bit more? Even Americans are finding time to think about the issue. “I realized that my future is shorter than my past,” says Al Gini, a philosophy professor at Loyola University in Chicago. “I’ve got to take time now because, like it or not, time will be taken away from me.”

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-W Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement That’s why Professor Gini recently published a book called The Importance of Being Lazy, a call for his fellow Americans to learn the fine art of doing nothing. The real problem, says Professor Gini, is not so much work but the Western attitude to time. “We have never been comfortable with the idea of free time. It is not in our nature to just let time pass. Unstructured time, dead time, downtime, wasted time — it makes us ill at ease.” If time is not filled with work, he says, Americans fill it with shopping and sports, or they just consume the products of the entertainment industry — a multi- million dollar business whose only purpose is to help us pass the time when we are not working.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement “We should give some time to contemplation, wonder and the development of ideas,” says Professor Gini. Yet the idea that time should be spent doing something runs very deep in Anglo-American culture. Work is not just good for your bank account. It’s good for your spiritual health, too. That’s not a view taken by British psychologist Oliver James. “Large polls of citizens from developed nations find that they say they are happier than those in developing ones. But when comparison is made between the different developed nations, the citizens of the richest are no more likely to say they are happier than those from the poorest,” he says. “When a society reaches the stage of being able to meet all its citizens’ basic needs, increasing their overall wealth does not make them happier.”

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement That’s a view supported by a growing “anti-work” movement in the US and Britain, a loosely connected group of campaigners dedicated to the idea that people should work to live, not live to work. As well as publishing guides on how to do nothing creatively, these work rebels organize events like “national phone in sick day”, encouraging staff to take unofficial days off. “Imagine how you feel going into work on Monday morning,” says Brian Dean, who edits the anti-work magazine Anxiety Culture. “If it makes you feel ill, then phone in sick.” The message seems to be getting through. In a recent survey, more than a third of British workers admitted to pretending to be sick to get time off work. But the anti-work rebels face a problem. People who work hard often forget to relax. They will have to work hard at learning to be lazy. Maybe it’s easier just to carry on.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text14-W Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement “It is something you have to prepare for,” says Professor Gini. “The importance of being lazy means to not always be busy with something connected with your job. It’s about stopping working, doing something you would rather be doing, or the gentle art of doing ‘nothing’.” 756 words

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-S-much…... much of Europe is getting ready to shut down for business. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Paraphrase: Most Europeans are ready to stop working or close their businesses. In most European countries people do not work much during the summer. Many of them go on vacation. 很多欧洲人正准备关门停业。 Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

“Siesta" is a Spanish word referring to an afternoon rest or nap, esp. that commonly taken during the hottest hours of the day. Here "siesta time" suggests that the whole summer season is the time for rest in Spain and Italy. Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-S-It js…... it’s siesta time. Section One: Pre-reading Activities 夏天是休息时间。 Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Explanation:

like it or not: whether you like it or not, i.e. you have to face the unpleasant situation because you cannot change it. A similar phrase is: "believe it or not". Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-S-... my… Section One: Pre-reading Activities... my future is shorter than my past... I’ve got to take time now because, like it or not, time will be taken away from me. Paraphrase: I’ve already spent most of my time in this world doing my job. Now that I will have no time, no matter I like it or not, I have to take some time to relax and do what I like to do. 我意识到我的未来比我的过去少，我现在必须花时间放松自己，做我愿意做的事情。不管我是否愿意，我的时间快用完了。 Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Explanation:

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-S_...the fine… Section One: Pre-reading Activities... the fine art of doing nothing... Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement The phrase “fine art” originally refers to the art of painting and sculpture. Note that “fine” and “art” are inseparable. Here in the text “fine art” are two separate words, meaning “great art” or “the art that requires fine skills”. 休闲的伟大艺术 Explanation:

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-S_as well as. … Section One: Pre-reading Activities As well as publishing guides on how to do nothing creatively, these work rebels organize events like "national phone in sick day"... Paraphrase: Besides providing suggestions in their magazines on how to spend one’s leisure time in a creative way, these “anti-work” people organize events like “national phone in sick day”. 这些 “ 反工作者 ” 不光出版指导手册告诉人们怎么创造性地度过空余时间，还积极组织类似 “ 全民电话请假日 ” 的活动。 Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement national phone in sick day: A day on which everyone in the country calls his company to ask for sick leave. Grammatically “phone in sick” had better be hyphenated as “phone-in-sick” as it is used as an adjective modifying “day”. Explanation:

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-W-shut down11 Section One: Pre-reading Activities shut down to stop operation, esp. for a long period of time; to close down e.g. They’ve shut down their factory. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement shut oneself in (prevent oneself from getting out of a place) shut sth. up (close all the doors and windows of a house, etc.) shut sb up (cause sb to stop talking) shut sth. in sth. (trap or pinch sth. by closing sth) Collocation: e.g. She shuts herself in her study for hours. e.g. We shut up the house before going on holidays. e.g. Can’t you shut him up? e.g. I shut my finger in the car door. e.g. Some business will have to shut down if there is a recession. e.g. The commission has ordered two mines to be shut down.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-W-shut2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Practice: Translate the following sentences into English: 1) 工厂关闭后工人失业了。 2) 由于罢工，这个工厂停产两个月。 The workshop has shut down and the workers are unemployed. The plant was shut down for two months as a result of the strike. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-W-siesta1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities siesta n. a rest or nap taken in the middle of the day e.g. John used to take a siesta in the afternoon. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text1-2-W-relaxing 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities relaxing a. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g. At noon, the sun is shining and people are napping. It’s such a relaxing scene. making one feel relaxed e.g. Fishing is his favorite relaxation. e.g. She gave us a relaxed smile. Derivation: relax v. relaxation n. relaxed a. e.g. Let your muscles relax slowly.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-W-easygoing1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities easygoing a. relaxed and casual in style or manner e.g. an easygoing life as a part-time consultant Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g. You are too easygoing with those people, they take advantage of your kind-heartedness. e.g. He was easygoing, humorous, and agreeable in his daily living.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-W-easygoing2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Practice: Translate the following sentences into English: 1) 我们的经理是个随和的人，她从不发怒。 2) 我母亲不在乎谁来住，她非常随和。 Our manager is an easygoing person; she never gets angry. My mother doesn’t mind who comes to stay; she’s very easygoing. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-W-govern 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities govern v. 1) to control 2) to influence sth./sb. decisively; to determine 3) to rule (a country, etc); to control or direct the public affairs of (a city, country, etc) e.g. Self-interest governs all his actions. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g. govern one’s feelings, passion, temper e.g. The Irish demanded the right to govern themselves. e.g. Don’t let bad temper govern your decision. e.g. The rise and fall of the sea is governed by the movements of the moon. e.g. Similar principles govern the early history of all primitive people. e.g. These laws govern the sale of beer and wine. e.g. Canada is governed by a prime minister and his cabinet.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-W-govern2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Practice: Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g. the governing body of a college Translate the following sentences into Chinese: 1)In Britain the Queen reigns, but elected representatives of the people govern the country. 2) She’s never been able to govern that malicious tongue of hers. 在英国，女王是君主而治理国家的却是民选的代表。她总是不能管住自己那张恶毒的嘴。 Derivation: governing a.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text3-5-W- continental Section One: Pre-reading Activities continental n. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement a person who lives in Europe but not in the British Isles Derivation: continent n.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-W-unstructure 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities unstructured a. not organized in a detailed way, and allowing people freedom to do what they want Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g. an unstructured environment e.g. They structured the program to reach all ages. e.g. to structure a teaching program so as to emphasize class participation Derivation: structure v.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-W-unstrured2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice: Translate the following sentences into English: 1) 约翰认为这是一篇结构巧妙的文章。 2) 你应该学会去规划自己的事业。 John thought it was an intelligently structured essay. You should learn to structure your own career.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-W-downtime Section One: Pre-reading Activities a period of time in which there is nothing to do Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement downtime n.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-W-consume1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement 1) to use up 2) to eat or drink especially in large quantity 3) destroy sb./sth. by fire, decay, etc. Arguing about details consumed many hours of the committee’s valuable time. consume v. e.g. The fire quickly consumed the wooden hut. e.g. Building model trains is his consuming passion. e.g. Consumers are encouraged to complain about faulty goods. e.g. The meat was declared unfit for human consumption. e.g. It didn’t take the hungry boys long to consume the loaf of bread. Fire can consume whole forests. e.g. Derivation: consuming a. consumer n. consumption n.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text6-7-W-consume2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Practice: Translate the following sentences into English: 1) 他很快就把财产挥霍殆尽。 2) 这辆汽车很费汽油。 He soon consumed his fortune. The car consumes a lot of fuel. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W-contemmpllation1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities contemplation n. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement 1)the act of thinking deeply and seriously to understand something more fully 2) consideration; intention e.g. I’m sorry to interrupt your contemplations, but … e.g. He sat there deep in contemplation. e.g. The governor reached his decision after a good deal of contemplation. e.g. the Government’s contemplation of new measures e.g. She bought three dresses in contemplation of her trip.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W-contemplation2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice: e.g. He contemplated what the future would be like without the children. Translate the following sentences into English: 1) 他坐在那里沉思着。 2) 他重又凝视着那炉火。 He sat there deep in contemplation. He returned to his contemplation of the fire. Derivation: contemplate v.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W- account1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities account n. 1) a sum of money kept in a bank which may be added to and taken from 2) statement of money paid or owed for goods or services 3) report; description e.g. I opened an account at my bank in your name. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g. I have an account with this bank. e.g. We’ve never failed to keep a complete account of every penny we’ve spent. e.g. Don’t forget to give me those household accounts for the time while I was away. e.g. A short lady was making out the account of a customer. e.g. She gave him a full account of her conversation with the doctor. e.g. The accounts I have received of Australia are not particularly encouraging. e.g. Why don’t you write your own account of what happened?

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W- account 2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Collocation: by/from all accounts (according to what has been said or reported) call sb. to account (make sb. explain an error, a loss, etc) give a good, poor, etc. account of oneself (do or perform well, badly, etc. esp. in a content) on one’s own account (on one’s own behalf) take sth. into account (consider) e.g. I’ve never been there but it is, by all accounts, a lovely place. e.g. His boss called him to account for failing to meet the deadline. e.g. Our team gave a splendid account of themselves to win the match. e.g. I was worried on my own account, not yours. e.g. When judging his performance, don’t take his age into account.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W- account 3 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice: Translate the following sentences into English: 1) 您愿意付现金还是记入您的帐里？ 2) 我的户头里有 200 英镑。 Will you pay cash or shall I charge it to your account? I have £200 in my account.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W- spiritual 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities spiritual a. 1) of the nature of spirit 2) of the Church or of religion e.g. concerned about sb’s spiritual welfare e.g.Her spiritual beauty outshone her physical beauty. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g.She considered him as her spiritual father. e.g. The Pope is the spiritual leader of many Christians. e.g. Priests help us to look after our spiritual life. e.g. He devoted himself to a spiritual life.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W- spiritual 2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice ： 1) 他的痛苦是精神上的，不是身体上的。 2) 教会对农民进行精神统治。 His agony is spiritual, not physical. The Church had immense spiritual influence over the peasant. Translate the following sentences into English: e.g. a spiritually impoverished culture e.g. Although they lost, the team played with tremendous spirit. Derivation: spirituality n. spiritually ad. spirit n.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text8-10-W- poll 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities poll n. the number of votes recorded at an election Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g.They expected a heavy poll.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- dedicate 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities dedicate to Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement to give completely to e.g. He dedicated his life to the abolition of slavery. e.g. He felt that socialism was the most important cause to which he could dedicate himself. e.g. She dedicated herself to conserving our natural resources. e.g. His dedication to teaching gained the respect of his peers. e.g.a dedicated musician Derivation: dedication n. dedicated a.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- dedicate 2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice ： 1) 她毕生致力于帮助穷人。 2) 他毕生致力于与腐败作斗争。 She dedicated her life to helping the poor. He dedicated his life to fighting corruption. Translate the following sentences into English:

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- rebel 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities rebel n. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement someone who refuses to do things in normal way, or in the way that other people want them to e.g. The rebels have seized the post office. e.g. The rebels were arrested and tried for treason. e.g. Francis was not a rebel by nature. e.g. The film director was a rebel among his peers.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- rebel 2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice ： 1) 她总是有点桀骜不驯。 2) 叛乱分子武装反抗政府。 She has always been a bit of a rebel. The rebels armed themselves against the government. Translate the following sentences into English:

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- staff 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities staff n. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement 1) the group of workers who carry on a job 2) strong stick or pole used as a support when walking or climbing, as a weapon, or as a symbol of authority or sign of office 3) group of senior army officers assisting a commanding officer e.g. The headmaster and his staff met to discuss the new timetable. e.g. You won’t be cutting down the office staff, then? e.g. The manager here has a staff of fifty. e.g. The old man leant on a long wooden staff. e.g. The flag fluttered from the top of the staff. e.g. The army general has asked for more staff officers.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- staff 2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice ： 1) 这家店里的店员很热心。 2) 我们办公室需要增加人手。 The staff in this shop are very helpful. We need more staff in the office. Translate the following sentences into English:

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- edit 1 Section One: Pre-reading Activities edit v. Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement to collect pieces of writing by different authors and prepare them for publication e.g. In 1840 he obtained permission to edit a daily paper. e.g. The teacher is editing famous speeches for use in school- books. e.g. The author has edited out all references to his own family. e.g. a pocket edition 袖珍本 Derivation: edition n.

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- edit2 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement e.g. an abridged edition a deluxe edition a revised edition a popular edition a two-volume edition an airmail edition an overseas edition editor n. editorial n. & a. e.g. She was not even admitted to the presence of the editors she demanded to see. e.g. The editorial appeared in translation in the Jan. 14 issue of Peking Review. e.g. The editorial article in the paper is written by the editor himself. 缩写本豪华本修订本普及本两卷本航空版海外版

Time to Take It Easy Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading 3.text11-13-W- edit 3 Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement Practice ： 1) 我计划编辑一部莎士比亚剧本供学校使用。 2) 我打算编辑一本《爱尔兰童话故事》的儿童读物。 I am going to edit a Shakespearean play for use in schools. I am to edit a volume of Irish Fairy Tales for children. Translate the following sentences into English:

Time to Take It Easy Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFour Vocabulary analysis 1. Word comparison 2. Word derivation 3. Collocation practice Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Writing practice

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_1.1 Word comparison Group 1: A. control B. restrict C. manage D. release E. govern Explanation: Control means to exercise restraining or directing influence over, regulate. A. B. Restrict means to place under restrictions as to use or distribution. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Writing practice e.g. Jones manages the finances here. Manage means to exercise executive, administrative, and supervisory direction of. C. e.g. The government is making its efforts to control inflation. e.g. Fog restricted visibility.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_1.2 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Writing practice e.g. The police have released no further details about the crime. Govern means to exercise continuous sovereign authority over; especially to control and direct the making and administration of policy in. E. e.g. In Britain the Queen reigns, but elected representatives of the people govern the country. Release means to give permission for publication, performance, exhibition, or sale of; to make available to the public. D.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_2.1 Explanation: A. e.g.In tonight’s programme our focus is on Germany. Problem means an intricate unsettled question. B. e.g. How do you cope with the problem of poor vision? Group 2: A. focus B. problem C. department D. part E. issue Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Focus means a state or condition permitting clear perception or understanding. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Writing practice Part means some but not all of a thing or number of things.D. Department means a category consisting especially of a measurable activity or attribute. C. e.g. Don’t ask me about our finances: that’s my wife’s department. e.g. We spent part of our holiday in France.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_2.2 E. e.g. The government raised a new economic issue. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Issue means a vital or unsettled matter. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Writing practice

Group 3: A. advanced B. developed C. organized D. formal E. structured Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_3.1 Explanation: A. e.g.Many countries have had advanced scientific methods. Developed means having a relatively high level of industrialization and standard of living. B. e.g. The United States has a highly developed system of agriculture. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Advanced means greatly developed beyond an initial stage. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Writing practice Organized means having a formal organization to coordinate and carry out activities. C. e.g. John is a highly organized person.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_3.2 E. e.g. It is an intelligently structured essay. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Structured means carefully organized, planned, or arranged. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Writing practice “Request” is a more formal way of saying “ask for”. Formal means following or according with established form, custom, or rule. D. e.g.

Vocabulary analysis Writing practice Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_4 Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy The army occupies the enemy’s capital. Explanation: A. e.g. I need to consult a dictionary. Use means to consume or take (as liquor or drugs) regularly. B. e.g. The car used a gallon of petrol for journey. Group 4: A. need B. use C. take D. occupy E. consume Need means to be in need of, require. Occupy means to take or hold possession or control of.D. Take means to get into one’s hands or into one’s possession, power, or control. C. e.g. It’s your turn to take the dog for a walk. e.g. He soon consumed his fortune. Consume means to use up.E. e.g.

Vocabulary analysis Writing practice Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_5.1 Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy He was asked to give his honest opinion. Explanation: A. e.g. It is a bright outlook for trade. Thoughts means something (as an opinion or belief) in the mind. B. e.g. Let me have your thoughts on the subject. Group 5: A. outlook B. thoughts C. attitude D. opinion E. view Outlook means the prospect for the future. Opinion means a view, judgment, or appraisal formed in the mind about a particular matter. D. Attitude means a feeling or emotion toward a fact or state. C. e.g. She shows a very positive attitude to her work. e.g.

Vocabulary analysis Writing practice Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_I_5.2 Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy E. e.g. We fell in with the committee’s views. View means an opinion or judgment colored by the feeling or bias of its holder.

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_W_1 Word derivation 1. relax 1) 对规则的某些放宽 some relaxation of the rules 2) 他最喜爱的消遣是钓鱼。 Fishing is his favorite relaxation. 3) 轻松的教学方式 a relaxed style of teaching 4) 轻松的微笑 a relaxed smile Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Derivatives of relax: relaxation, relaxed, relaxing Chinese-English translation

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_W_2 2. argument Derivatives of argument: argue, argumentation, argumentative 1) 我们没怎么进一步争论就达成了一致意见。 We agreed without much further argument. Chinese-English translation 2) 政府的论点是必须首先着眼于抑制通货膨胀。 The government’s argument is that they must first aim to beat inflation. 3) 不要和母亲争辩。 Don’t argue with your mother. Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 4) 为争取罢工权利而辩论 argue for the right to strike

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_W_3 3. consume Derivatives of consume: consumer, consumption, consuming 1) 制作模型火车是令他废寝忘食的爱好。 Building model trains is his consuming passion. Chinese-English translation 2) 这种肉已被宣布不适合人们食用。 The meat was declared unfit for human consumption. 3) 要鼓励消费者对劣质产品进行投诉。 Consumers are encouraged to complain about faulty goods. Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 4) 火焰很快地吞噬了那所小木屋。 The fire quickly consumed the wooden hut.

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_W_4 4. contemplate Derivatives of contemplate: contemplation, contemplative 1) 她站着审视那幅图画。 She stood contemplating the painting. Chinese-English translation 2) 他重又凝视着那炉火。 He returned to his contemplation of the fire. Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 3) 深思熟虑的表情 a contemplative look 4) 政府采取新措施的意图 the Government’s contemplation of new measures

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_W_5 5. encourage Derivatives of encourage: encouragement, encouraging 1) 不要助长孩子的坏习惯。 Don’t encourage bad habits in a child. Chinese-English translation 2) 教师的话对他是极大的鼓舞。 The teacher’s words were a great encouragement to him. 3) 今年的销售额很令人鼓舞。 This year’s sales figures are very encouraging. Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 4) 令人鼓舞的迹象 encouraging signs

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_P_1 Collocation practice 1. on average Explanation: 1) 我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。 We fail one student per year on average. taking account of use, performance, etc. over a period 2) 平均来说，男人比女人吸烟多。 On average men smoke more cigarettes than women. Examples: 3) 日本人平均比欧洲人寿命长。 Japanese people on average live much longer than Europeans. Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_P_2 2. like it or not Explanation: whether you like it or not Examples: Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 1) Like it or not, time passes quickly. 无论你愿不愿意，时光飞逝。我已经警告过你了，不管你愿不愿意，把那块表扔了。 2) I have warned you, like it or not, throw the watch away. 这只狗太脏了，不管你愿不愿意，把它送回去。 3) The dog is so dirty, like it or not, send it back.

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_P_3 3. ill at ease Explanation: 1) The hostess was so hospitable that I felt ill at ease. 女主人太热情，让我感到不自在。 not feeling easy, not comfortable 他们的谈话让我感到不舒服。 Examples: Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement 2) Their talking made me ill at ease. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 住在我楼上的那对夫妇整天吵架，真是让我苦不堪言。 3) The couple living on my up-floor quarreled day and night, which made me ill at ease.

Vocabulary analysis Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_P_4 4. dedicated to Explanation: give or devote (oneself, time, effort, etc) to (a noble cause or purpose) Examples: Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 1) 她毕生致力于帮助穷人。 John dedicated himself to the cause of education. 2) 约翰致力于教育事业。 He dedicated himself to the cause of world peace. 3) 他致力于世界和平事业。 She dedicated her life to helping the poor.

Vocabulary analysis Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_V_P_5 5. take... days off Explanation: 1) I’m taking next week off. 我下周要休假。 have (specified period of time) as a holiday or break from work 2) You seem so tired. You’d better have several days off. 你看起来很疲惫。最好休息几天吧。 Examples: 我被准予两个星期的假来游览这个城市。 3)I was permitted to take two weeks off to travel around this city. Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G Grammar exercises I. The simple present tense and the present progressive tense II. Determiners III. As well as and would rather Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

In the present, you are reading this very sentence. The verb phrase are reading is in the present tense. The present tense includes only those actions or states of being that exist in the immediate moment. Perhaps you are also considering a trip to the kitchen, thinking, "I’m hungry." The verb am is in the present tense. [1] The simple present tense and [2] the present progressive tense Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_1_1 The simple present tense and the present progressive tense Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Simple Present Tense subject + auxiliary verb + main verb There are three important exceptions: For positive sentences, we do not normally use the auxiliary. For the 3rd person singular (he, she, it), we add s to the main verb or es to the auxiliary. For the verb to be, we do not use an auxiliary, even for questions and negatives. We use the simple present tense when: the action is general the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future the action is not only happening now the statement is always true. Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_1_2 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_1_3 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy John drives a taxi. (It is John’s job to drive a taxi. He does it every day.) I live in New York. The Moon goes round the Earth. He does not drive a bus. We do not work at night. Do you play football? e.g.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_1_4 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Am I right? Tara is not at home. You are happy. I am not fat. Why are you so beautiful? Ram is tall. e.g. Note that with the verb to be, we can also use the simple present tense for situations that are not general. We can use the simple present tense to talk about now. Look at these examples of the verb to be in the present simple tense — some of them are general, some of them are now:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_1_5 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Present Progressive Tense We often use the present progressive tense in English. It is very different from the simple present tense, both in structure and in use. It describes verbs whose action or condition is specifically ongoing. The action or condition of verbs in a progressive tense begins at some point of time, past, present, or future, and continues. A progressive tense verb adds a form of be to its present participle (be+verb+-ing). Progressive tenses are also called continuous tenses. So the present continuous tense is the same as the present progressive tense.

2. A: What (you, look) for, Tom? B: I (look) for the garage key. I always (look) for the garage key, because nobody ever (put) it back on the hook. puts _____ Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the verb in the bracket. Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_I_6 Practice: 1.I’m afraid you can’t see the judge now. He (hear) a case. is hearing _________ Explanation: It describes verbs whose action or condition is specifically ongoing. Explanation: Present progressive tense describes verbs whose action or condition is specifically ongoing, while we use the simple present tense when: the action is general; the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future; the action is not only happening now; the statement is always true. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy am looking __________ are you looking _______________ look _____

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_I_7 3.A: I (think) repair jobs always (take) longer than one (expect). What (they, do) now? B: They (put) in new electric parts. They (seem) competent electricians but they (smoke) at their work and this (slow) them down. are they doing _____________ Explanation: Present progressive tense describes verbs whose action or condition is specifically ongoing, while we use the simple present tense when: the action is general; the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future; the action is not only happening now; the statement is always true. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy think ______ take _____ expects _______ are putting __________ slows ______ seem _______ smoke ______

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_I_8 4. A: I (not think) your brother (enjoy) the party. He (keep) looking at his watch. B: Oh, I’m sure he (enjoy) it. He always (enjoy) your party. But I (know) he (want) to be home early tonight because he (expect) an important telephone call. is expecting ____________ Explanation: Present progressive tense describes verbs whose action or condition is specifically ongoing, while we use the simple present tense when: the action is general; the action happens all the time, or habitually, in the past, present and future; the action is not only happening now; the statement is always true. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy don’t think __________ is enjoying keeps ______ is enjoying __________ enjoys _______ know ______ wants

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_I_9 5. A: How much longer (you, stay) in England? B: Only one more day. I (leave) tomorrow night. I (go) to the Holland for two weeks. am going _________ Explanation: Present progressive tense describes verbs whose action or condition is specifically ongoing. Be leaving and be going indicate future events. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy are you staying _____________ am leaving ____________

Determiners are used in front of nouns to indicate whether you are referring to something specific or something of a particular type. Determiners are different to pronouns in that a determiner is always followed by a noun. Therefore personal pronouns (I, you, he, etc.) and possessive pronouns (mine, yours, his, etc.) cannot be determiners. The indefinite and definite articles a/an/the are all determiners. You use a specific determiner when people know exactly which thing(s) or person/people you are talking about. The specific determiners are: the definite article : the demonstratives : this, that, these, those possessives : my, your, his, her, its, our, their Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The usages of as _2_1 Determiners Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_2_2 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy The dog barked at the boy. These apples are rotten. Their bus was late. e.g.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_2_3 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy An elephant and a mouse fell in love. The mouse loved the elephant’s long trunk, and the elephant loved the mouse’s tiny nose. e.g. Definite article "the" Articles in English are invariable. That is, they do not change according to the gender or number of the noun they refer to, e.g. the boy, the woman, the children. ‘The’ is used: 1. to refer to something which has already been mentioned:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_2_4 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy “Where’s the bathroom?” “It’s on the first floor.” e.g. 2. when both the speaker and listener know what is being talked about, even if it has not been mentioned before: The man who wrote this book is famous. “Which car did you scratch?” The red one. My house is the one with a blue door. e.g. 3. in sentences or clauses where we define or identify a particular person or object:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_2_5 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy the sun, the moon, the world e.g. 4. to refer to objects we regard as unique: the highest building, the first page, the last chapter e.g. 5. before superlatives and ordinal numbers: the Japanese, the old e.g. 6. with adjectives, to refer to a whole group of people: the Caribbean, the Sahara, the Atlantic e.g. 7. with names of geographical areas and oceans: She grew up in the seventies. e.g. 8. with decades, or groups of years:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The usages of as _2_6 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Practice: Fill in the blanks with the or my 2.You don’t have to pull me by collar. the ____ 1. He hit me smartly and swiftly on head. the ____ Explanation: Hit somebody on the head is a phrase. Explanation: Pull somebody by the collar is a phrase.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The usages of as _2_7 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 4. Come and meet wife. 3. I received a bill for the car rental from credit card company. my ____ Explanation: My here means of or belonging to. Explanation: My here means of or belonging to. my ____ 5. He took me by arm and began drawing me firmly but gently away. the ____ Explanation: Take somebody by the arm is a phrase.

as well as would rather Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The emphatic structure _3_1 As well as and would rather Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The emphatic structure _3_1_1_popwin Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Are they coming as well? He grows flowers as well as vegetables. e.g. As well as means in addition to or besides.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The emphatic structure _3_1_1_popwin Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Some people would rather go into jail than join the army. “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I’d rather not. I have to drive home.” e.g. Would rather means prefer to.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The emphatic structure _3_2 Practice Translate the following sentences with as well as or would rather. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 1. 她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。 She is a talented musician as well as a photographer. 2. 与毒品做斗争不仅可以清除很多犯罪根源而且可以促进社会稳定。 Fight against drugs helps eliminate the source of many crimes as well as enhance the social stability.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_G_ The emphatic structure _3_2 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 3. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。 I’d rather walk than take a bus. 4. 她宁可死也不愿失去孩子们。 She’d rather die than lose the children.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_T_ 1-1 Translation exercises Translate each of the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the bracket. Inflect the word or phrase where necessary. Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy As a result of means because of something that has happened. It is used to indicate the cause and effect. Ford Automobile Plant was shut down for two months as a result of the strike. 1. 由于罢工，福特汽车厂停工了两个月。 (shut down) Notes ：

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_T_ 1-2 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 1) 工厂关闭后工人失业了。 The workshop has shut down and the workers are unemployed. 2) 有传言，这个工厂明年会倒闭。 There’s a rumor going around that the plant is shutting down next year. Chinese-English translation 3) 他们把工厂关闭了。 They’ve shut down their factory.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_T_ 2 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 1) 将这两首诗的风格加以比较。 Compare the style of the two poems. 2) 要是把他俩的工作比较一下，就会发现她的好得多。 If you compare her work with his, you’ll find hers is much better. To simplify the sentence we may use that to take the place of cultural life. The cultural life in the country cannot compare with that of a large city. Chinese-English translation 2. 农村的文化生活无法与大城市相比。 (compare) Notes ： 3) 在悲剧写作方面他根本不能与莎士比亚相比。 He cannot compare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies.

First, make a comparison between the two companies and then make a choice. Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_T_ 3 1) 你不能把美国和日本的学校进行比较，它们是截然不同的。 You can’t make a comparison between American and Japanese schools — they’re too different. 2) 老师让学生们比较 A 、 B 两个物体。 The teacher asked the students to make a comparison between object A and object B. Allow somebody to do something means to permit. The report allows the readers to make a direct comparison between the two types of cars. Chinese-English translation Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement 3. 该报告使读者能够对两种车子进行直接的比较。 (make a comparison) Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Notes ： 3) 首先，比较一下这两个公司，然后再做出选择。

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_T_ 4 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 1) 他们提出的反对意见我们都能圆满解决吗？ Can we meet all their objections? 2) 几乎没有应聘者符合要求。 Few applicants meet the requirements of this job. In this sentence, meet means to satisfy or fulfil. The existing (present) stocks of coal should meet our needs for the coming year. Chinese-English translation 4. 现有的煤的储备量应该能够满足来年的需要。 (meet) Notes ： 3) 对不起，我不能满足你的愿望。 Sorry, I cannot meet your wishes.

He stayed in the house contemplating the meaning of life all day long. Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_T_ 5 Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy 5. 他呆在那儿, 沉思了几个小时，思索着宇宙的秘密。 (contemplate) In this sentence, we can use a present participle to describe an accompanying action. He remained there for hours deep in thought, contemplating the mysteries of the universe. Notes ： 1) 他思忖着要是没有这些孩子将来又如何。 He contemplated what the future would be like without the children. 2) 她站着审视那幅图画。 She stood contemplating the painting. Chinese-English translation 3) 他整天呆在屋子里思索着生命的意义。

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 1 Exercises for integrated skills Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate. Most Americans live according to time segments laid (1) in engagement calendar. These calendars may be (2) into intervals as short as fifteen (3). We often give a person two (4) three (or more) segments of our calendar, but in the business (5) we almost always have other appointments following hard (6) the heels of whatever we are doing. (7) is therefore always ticking in our inner ear. out _____ world ______ Time _____ on ___ divided _______ minutes Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy or __

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2 (8) a result we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce (9) steady flow of labor-saving devices; we (10) rapidly through telexes, phone calls (11) memos rather than through personal contacts, (12), though pleasant, take longer — especially given our traffic-filled (13). We therefore save most personal visiting for after- work hours (14) for social weekend gatherings. As ___ a or communicate ____________ Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy streets ______ or ___ which ______

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 1_popwin_1 Explanation: Lay out means to arrange something in a planned way. out Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 1_popwin_2 Explanation: Divide something into something means to cause something to split or break. divided Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 1_popwin_3 Explanation: Minute here means one sixtieth part of an hour, equal to 60 seconds. Because fifteen is put before minute, so the plural form minutes should be used. minutes Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 1_popwin_4 Explanation: Or is used as a function word to indicate an alternative. or Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 1_popwin_5 Explanation: In this sentence, world means people or things belonging to a certain class or sphere of activity, interest, etc. world Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 1_popwin_6 Explanation: On the heels of something indicates following closely after something. on Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_7 Explanation: Time here refers to the measured or measurable period during which an action, process, or condition exists or continues. Time Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_8 Explanation: As a result indicates effect or outcome. As Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_9 Explanation: A is used with an abstract noun that is restricted by the phrase which follows it. a Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_10 Explanation: Communicate means to convey knowledge of or information about, to make known. communicate Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_11 Explanation: Or is used as a function word to indicate an alternative. or Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_12 Explanation: Which is used to refer to something previously mentioned. which Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_13 Explanation: Street here refers to public road in a city, town or village with houses and buildings on one side or both. The plural form should be used. streets Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Exercises for integrated skills Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_E_ 2_popwin_14 Explanation: Or is used as a function word to indicate an alternative. or Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_O_1 1.Tell each other how you feel when you return to school on Monday morning. How do you balance your work and leisure? Exercises for integrated skills Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy The discussion can be based on the following aspects. 1) Your true feeling of returning to school on Monday morning. 2) How to arrange the relationship between work and leisure? Suggestions: Organize yourselves into groups of five or six and discuss the following issues.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_O_2 Exercises for integrated skills I feel terrible to return to school on Monday morning. On weekends I, with my friends, went camping. It was a wonderful time. But now I have to go to school again. It is hard to adapt myself to it immediately, but I can. I understand I have to study well, not only for myself but also for my parents. My way to balance work and leisure is simple, which is to do what you should do. For example, on Monday, I should work, and then I work. On weekends, I should relax myself, and then I relax. Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy A sample discussion:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_O_3 2. There is a proverb: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. What is your idea about it? Exercises for integrated skills Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy The discussion can be based on the following aspects. 1) The meaning of this proverb. 2) Your own experience. Suggestions: It is sometimes sound. Imagine what you would become when your whole life is filled with work that you don’t like. The result will be an exhausted man. However, when your work is really interesting and inspiring, the outcome may be different. For example, if you are a movie director, you will have to be creative all the time and keep on conceiving new ideas, then you will be a dynamic guy instead of a dull person. A sample discussion:

Suppose you have received a letter from your classmate in high school, complaining about his or her college life being too busy. Write a 300-word letter in reply giving him or her some suggestions as to how to tackle the study-related pressure. Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_W_1 Exercises for integrated skills Writing practice Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

A sample letter: Dear Mary, Your worry is the same as mine. I also hate being too busy in college. However, I think we can have a good time while studying well in college. Efficiency is very important. As to study, I don’t think it is necessary for us to spend day and night on it. Rather, we can choose the time segment when we are mentally ready for absorbing new knowledge or reviewing what we’ve learned. Thus we can have time to have fun when we allocate adequate time for learning. Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_W_1.1 Exercises for integrated skills Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_W_1.2 Exercises for integrated skills Sometimes, we give ourselves too much pressure. We think we should study well, otherwise we would disappoint our parents and we are surpassed by peers, and so forth. Actually, when we contemplate these pressures, we can see clearly that they are not necessary and even harmful to our mental and physical growth. If we can learn very well in class and efficiently after class, why not have more fun in spare time? Pressure can only be useful when it becomes a pushing power, otherwise we should desert it. Mind you, joy does not contradict study. We should study and play at once. Thus, college life will be the most memorable part of our lives. Sincerely yours, Jane Listening exercises Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_L_1 Exercises for integrated skills Listening exercises European Travel Ltd. Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy A. Pre-listening questions. script ■ 1.What do you think is the best city to visit in China? Why? 2.What is the most interesting place you have ever visited? Talk about it. 3.What is your dream place? Talk about it.

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_L_2 Exercises for integrated skills script Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy ■ B. A student is telephoning a travel agent. Look at the “Casual Enquiry” form as you listen and fill in the relevant information. European Travel Ltd. “Casual Enquiry” Form ___hotel ____bed & breakfast ____half board ____full board self-catering _____villa apartment from to flight _____ train _____ ferry √ ____ Malta ________ 1st Sept. _______ 15th Sept. _________ 25th Aug. 8th Sept. ________ √ ___ √ _______ Enquiry regarding holiday to/in: Accommodation required (Tick as appropriate): Period: Alternative: Travel:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_L_3 Exercises for integrated skills Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy range from to 3572468 __________ 4 ______ ￡ 75 _____ ￡ 125 _______ It’s near the sea, or an apartment with a swimming pool. ___________________ ____________________________ Mark Dawson _____________ 153, Lauderdale Road ___________________ Number of people in party: Price: Any other special requests or requirements: Name: Address: Tel. No.:

Good afternoon, European Travel Ltd. Can I help you? Yes, I wonder if you can help me. We’ll try, sir. Well, I know we’ve left it rather late to book up, but three friends and I would like to go to Malta for a fortnight at the end of the summer. Well, I’ll see what we can do. If you can wait one moment while I get a form, then I can take down all the details and come back to you. (pause) Now, sir, you’d like to go to Malta. Yes. But we don’t want to stay in a hotel. So you want a self-catering arrangement. Yes. Were you thinking of a villa, or an apartment? Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_L_2popwin1.1 Exercises for integrated skills A: M: A: M: A: M: A: M: A: Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy ■ European Travel Ltd. (A = Assistant; M = Mark)

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_L_4popwin1.2 Exercises for integrated skills Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy ■ An apartment, I think. That would be cheaper than a villa, wouldn’t it? Usually, yes. But not always. And when did you want to go? Well, when we’ve all got a bit of money from our holiday jobs. We were thinking of the first two weeks in September. Perhaps from the 1st. Well, I’ll say, from the 1st to the 15th September. And that would be from a Wednesday to a Wednesday, which is quite good, because mid-week flights are not so full and they’re sometimes a little cheaper. Oh, good. How about alternative dates? If that period is difficult, could you all go a week earlier, let’s say, or a week later? Well, we could go in the last week of August, I suppose. M: A: M: A: M: A: M:

Well, I’ll put that down as an alternative. 25th August to 8th September. But you’d rather have the first two weeks in September if possible? Yes. Now, how many did you say were in the party? There’ll be four of us. All students. Four. Good. And how about the price range? How much did you want to pay? Or should I say, how much were you hoping to pay? Well, we thought we might get something for about 100 pounds each. Mm. I don’t know. Could I put down 75 pounds to 150 pounds? Vocabulary analysis Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities Exercises for integrated skills Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Grammar exercises SectionFour_L_4popwin1.3 ■ A: M: A: M: A: M: A:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_L_4popwin1.4 Exercises for integrated skills Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy ■ Well, no. We can’t go to 150 pounds each. Say 75 pounds to 125 pounds, if you like. But we’ve got to buy or get all our meals, and then we need spending money and so on. Well, as I say, I’ll see what I can do. I think I know of one company that might have the sort of apartment you’re looking for. Any other requests or requirements? Only that we’d like to be near the sea — or at least not miles away from it. Or, if we have to be a little miles from the coast, we’d obviously like an apartment block with a swimming pool. So it’s near the sea, or an apartment with a swimming pool. Yes. Good. Well, as I say, I’ll look at a number of brochures for you and try to find something. Then I’ll get back to you either later today or early tomorrow morning. So if you could give me your name... M: A: M: A: M: A:

Vocabulary analysis Grammar exercises Translation exercises Oral activities Writing practice Listening exercises Section Four: Consolidation Activities SectionFour_L_4popwin1.5 Exercises for integrated skills Section Five: Further Enhancement Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy ■ Mark. M A R K. Mark Dawson. That’s D A W S O N. That’s fine. And your address? A hundred and fifty-three. One, five, three. Lauderdale Road. That’s LAUDERDALE Road. And your telephone number so that I can call you back. 3572468. 3572468. Good. And you’ll be at that number for the rest of today and tomorrow morning. Yes. Well, leave it with me for now. I’m sure I can find something. Good. Thank you very much indeed. It’s a pleasure. Goodbye. Bye. M: A: M: A: M: A: M: A: M: A: M:

Lead-in questions Supplementary reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_lead in Lead-in questions: 1) Are you a workaholic? 2) How do you balance your work and leisure? Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

If everything had gone according to plan, elves would have written this story. At least, that was the hope inspired by two new books — The Lazy Way to Success and The Lazy Person’s Guide to Success. Both say loafing is the secret to accomplishing goals. To back up that claim, authors Fred Gratzon, a former ice cream mogul, and Ernie J. Zelinski, a Canadian writer, offer stories and quotes from famous dawdlers. “Hard work has absolutely nothing to do with success,” Gratzon asserts. If it did, “physical labourers would be the richest people in society.” Lead-in questions Supplementary reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_text1 Memorable quotes Less Work Is the Secret to a Richer Life Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Fittingly, both authors followed their own advice in writing the books. Zelinski’s 286-page book is actually half that length because every left-hand page is nothing more than quotes and large-print summaries of the main text. Likewise, Gratzon’s 216-page tome is filled with more than 200 illustrations. Laziness seems to be a trend in book publishing. A Chicago philosophy professor has just released The Importance of Being Lazy, which extols the virtues of vacations and leisure time. Other idle titles include The Lazy Person’s Guide to Fitness, Learn German the Lazy Way, The Lazy Man’s Guide to Purchasing a Piano and an updated edition of Joe Karbo’s 1970s classic The Lazy Man’s Way to Riches, which focused more on positive thinking than on literal idleness. Perhaps it was inevitable that laziness would emerge as a self-help gimmick. Every other gimmick has been tried. Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_text2 Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

During the past 50 years, says public speaker Jack Zufelt, “We’ve been taught that the keys to success are goal-setting, affirmations, optimism, walking on hot coals, meditating, finding the inner self.” Yet the search for a shortcut to success continues. Could loafing be the answer? Skeptics roll their eyes. “It’s ironic, in this time of growing unemployment, that there’d be a market for what I think is basically bad advice,” says Edward Lawler, a University of Southern California (USC) business professor. Still, the lazy method isn’t totally misguided, he adds. “Like a lot of fads, there’s an element of truth in it.” Although generally entertaining, Gratzon’s book is thin on specifics. “It’s more of a philosophical book instead of a step-by-step guide,” Gratzon acknowledges. Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_text3 Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_text4 Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading The central thesis is that people should junk the idea that long hours bring wealth. “I will readily concede that if you achieve something in one hour, you will achieve two somethings in two hours,” he writes. “But what if you want one million somethings? Then you need a new math.” One key to that new math is lots of leisure time, so the brain has a chance to unwind and hatch brilliant ideas. Lawler, the USC business professor, says Gratzon has a point. “If you want people to do creative thinking, you need to give them a little slack time,” he says. But Lawler disagrees with almost everything else in Lazy Way. For example, Gratzon advises readers to quit their jobs unless the work is “pure fun”. Do what you love and riches will follow.

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_text5 Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading “Not necessarily,” says Lawler. “You probably will ultimately be happier, but I don’t know that money will follow. That’s wishful thinking. Look at the average pay for actors (three out of four earn less than US$7,500 a year). Look at all the unemployed PhDs in English and history. They may be very happy, but I think it’s misleading to suggest wealth will follow.” Zelinski, the other laziness author, gets around that problem by urging his readers to rethink their definition of success. Instead of seeking fame and fortune, he advises people to be happy with what they have and spend more time with family and friends. “It’s possible to be a huge success at work and miss out on life completely,” he writes. “Day-to-day life will have little meaning if your main reason for going to work is to pay for the possessions you don’t have time to use.” In other words, “If you work more than eight hours a day, you are in the wrong job,” he says.

In Pennsylvania, John C. Norcross, a University of Scranton psychology professor says some of Zelinski’s advice is sound, but overall it’s flawed. “Although laziness may be a good marketing hook, there’s practically no scientific support for it as a path to self-help success,” he says. “People are always looking for effortless formulas for success and personal growth,” Norcross adds, but the truth is it takes “a concerted and sustained effort”. Hmm. Sounds suspiciously like hard work. 770 words Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_text6 Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_1 If everything had gone according to plan, elves would have written this story. Elves (the plural of “elf”) are tiny, mischievous fairies haunting woods and hills. By this sentence, the author means if everything had gone according to plan, this article of his would have been just like a practical joke by these mischievous elves. Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_2 ice cream mogul a rich and important businessman dealing in ice cream Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_3 famous dawdlers famous persons who waste time in trifling Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_4 tome a heavy, large book Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_5 literal idleness idleness in its true sense Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_6 Every other gimmick has been tried. All the other gimmicks have been tried. Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_7... walking on hot coals... Every step forward is a struggle. Here it means to gain success, you have to overcome many difficulties. Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_8... Gratzon’s book is thin on specifics Gratzon’s book is lacking in details or substance on specifics. Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_9 junk the idea discard the idea Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_10... to unwind and hatch brilliant ideas to straighten out and conceive brilliant ideas Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_11 laziness author author on laziness Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_12 miss out on life fail in life Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_13... laziness may be a good marketing hook laziness may have a marketing value which catches eyes Memorable quotes Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Memorable quotes Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_text_Q Questions for discussion: 1. 2. 3. What is your definition of success? What do you think is the key to success? Is laziness a luxury or a necessity? Do you agree that there is an element of truth to doing things in a “lazy way”? Why/Why not? Answers for reference: 1. 2 3. Open to discussion. Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy Supplementary reading

Lead-in questions Supplementary reading Memorable quotes Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_ Memorable Memorable quotes Please paraphrase the following quotes: The wisdom of a learned man cometh by opportunity of leisure: and he that hath little business shall become wise. — Bible Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Lead-in questions Supplementary reading Memorable quotes Section Four: Consolidation Activities Section Five: Further Enhancement SectionFive_ Memorable To be able to fill leisure intelligently is the last product of civilization, and at present very few people have reached this level. — Bertrand Russell Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Three: Detailed Reading Time to Take It Easy

Time to Take It Easy Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities.

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Time to Take It Easy Read aloud Audiovisual supplements Section One: Pre-reading Activities Section Two: Global Reading Section Four: Consolidation Activities.

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