2. Laboratory Diagnosis Microscopic ex Virus cultivation Serological tests Detection of N/A

3. Virus cultivation   Laboratory animal  Embryonated egg  Cell culture

4. Embryonated Egg System

5. 1) Chorioallantoic membrane inoculation CAM Allantoic Fluid Yolk sac Amniotic Fluid Air sac Albumin

6. 2) Allantoic inoculation Yolk sac Allantoic fluid CAM Air sac Amniotic Fluid

7. 3) Amniotic inoculation Air sac Yolk sac Amniotic Fluid Allantoic Fluid CAM

8. 4) Yolk sac inoculation Air sac Yolk sac Albumin

11. Cell culture No of sub passages Primary C/C 1 or 2 1 or 2 Diploid C/C [semicontinuous] 20 to 50 20 to 50 Continuous cell line Indefinite Indefinite

12. Variation in Sensitivity of cell cultures to infection by viruses commonly isolated in clinical virology laboratories Virus Cell culture a PMK HDF HEp-2 RNA virus DNA virus Enterovirus Rhinovirus Influenza virus RSV Adenovirus HSV VZV CMV +++++ +/- + ++++ +- ++++++ ++++++ +++ + +++- - - PMK, primary MK. Degree of sensitivity: +++, highly sensitive;++, moderately sensitive; +, low sensitivity; +/-, variable; -, not sensitive

13. VIRAL CULTURE PROCDURE  Processing of the specimen  Inoculation onto the C/C  Maintenance of the inoculated C/C  Detection of viral growth

14. VIRAL CULTURE PROCDURE  Processing of the specimen

15. Inoculation onto the C/C

19. Detection of viral growth  Cytopathic effects  Comprise;  Rounding, shrinkage, aggregation & loss of adherence & loss of adherence  Giant cell formation  Inclusion bodies formation

20.  Rounding, shrinkage, aggregation & loss of adherence & loss of adherence Uninfected ccCell rounding

21. Syncytium formation Uninfected ccCell roundingSyncytium

22. Inclusion bodies formation Inclusion bodies formation

23. IDENTIFICATION  Presumptive ID  Characteristic CPE  Type of cells  Time taken  Final ID  IF

24. Detection of viral replication  CPE  Hemadsorption  Interference  EM

25. Not infected cells Vero cells McCoy cells Human diploid fibroblast

26. Cytopathic effects  Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies  Intranuclear inclusion bodies  Giant cell formation

27. Cytopathic effects  Vero cells infected with Measles virus stained by H & E  Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies

28. Cytopathic effects  Vero cells infected with Measles virus stained by H & E  Giant cell formation

29. Cytopathic effects  Vero cells infected Herpes viruses stained by H&E  Intranuclear inclusion bodies

30. Not-infected Not-infected CC

32. Giant cell formation

35. Intranuclear inclusion bodies

36. عن أبي هريره رضي الله عنه عن أبي هريره رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم قال : أن رسول الله صلي الله عليه وسلم قال : { كلمتان خفيفتان على اللسان, ثقيلتان في الميزان حبيبتان إلي الرحمن : { كلمتان خفيفتان على اللسان, ثقيلتان في الميزان حبيبتان إلي الرحمن : سبحان الله وبحمده, سبحان الله وبحمده, سبحان الله العظيم } سبحان الله العظيم }