1. The 2 nd International Conference on Logistics and Transport & The 1 st International Conference on Business and Economics “Managing Finance and Risk in Global Supply Chain” 16-18 December 2010 Rydges Lakeland Resort Queenstown, Queenstown, New Zealand Proceedings of Abstracts and Papers (on CD ROM) Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (New Zealand) Designer: U. Laptaned Lincoln University (New Zealand) Thai Researchers’ Consortium of Value Chain Management and Logistics

2. Front PageSession IndexFront PageSession Index Author IndexAuthor Index Session Schedule Electronics Book Abstracts Papers List of Participants Contents

3. Opening Address from Queenstown Lake District Deputy Mayor It is a great pleasure and honor for me, on behalf of the 2 nd International Conference on Logistics and Transport and the 1 st International Conference on Business and Economics 2010, to welcome you all to this beautiful city of Queenstown. First of all, I would like to thank the co-organizers, namely the Thai Research’s Consortium of Value Chain Management and Logistics (Thai VCML), The Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (New Zealand), and Lincoln University (New Zealand) for organizing this conference, which is a major logistics regional platform and important event in the Asia-Pacific region. It is now nearly two years since we gathered for the International Conference on Logistics and Transport in Chiangmai, Thailand on 17–19 December 2009 with a number of delegates and guests from 22 countries all over the world more than 100 people. At the ICLT 2009, the highlight was its main forum entitled "Innovative Management in Global Logistics and Transport". Today and tomorrow, we will discuss and assess risk and financial management in global supply chain. Due to demanding customers and competitive pressures, businesses today are restructuring themselves to operate on a global basis to take advantage of the international product, factor, and capital markets. Typically, a firm operating internationally is part of a complex supply chain. Global supply chains

4. Opening Address from Queenstown Lake District Deputy Mayor require highly coordinated flows of goods, services, information, and cash within and across national boundaries. Maximizing profits in a multi-national environment includes sourcing from locations that offer the lowest total procurement cost, manufacturing and assembling products in least cost countries, and marketing in high potential demand centers. Hence, it is important to look at the entire supply chain, across all countries, when selecting and implementing risk and financial management strategies. To support the New Zealand destination for international visitors, the organizers selected Queenstown as a conference venue due to its natural beauty changes with the seasons, the lake gleans in the summer sun, and snow clad mountains tower above the township in winter. Queenstown is a resort town in Otago in the south- west of New Zealand's South Island. It is built around an inlet called Queenstown Bay on Lake Wakatipu, a long thin Z-shaped lake formed by glacial processes, and has spectacular views of nearby mountains. In recent years, Queenstown provides adventure tourism during the day and a vibrant nightlife scene during the evenings. Queenstown is also gaining popularity as a honeymoon destination. Locally, Queenstown has a reputation as one of New Zealand's wine and cuisine centres. Neighbouring, historic Arrowtown also features excellent restaurants and bars, and Queenstown lies close to the centre of a small wine producing region, reputed to be the world's southernmost.

5. Opening Address from Queenstown Lake District Deputy Mayor To conclude my address, I would like to thank again the Thai VCML, CILT (New Zealand), and Lincoln University (New Zealand) that have assisted in the organization to this conference to promote a tourist destination at Queenstown to our delegates and guests from 25 countries around the world. I wish good results in your deliberations. Lyal Cocks Queenstown Lake District Deputy Mayor, Queenstown, New Zealand

6. Welcome Address from Conference Honorary Chairs On behalf of Thai Research’s Consortium of Value Chain Management and Logistics (Thai VCML), I feel very delighted and thank the organizing committee to make this happen for the second time. The main objective of the ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010 is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas on the latest trend in Logistics and Supply Chain. More importantly, the academic collaborations and network building among researchers in this region are strongly encouraged. This year, we are starting up a forum of Asia-Pacific logistics research network and seek for participants from all over Asia-Pacific Countries. Our initial success is the collaborations among the Asean. The next year ICLT 2011 conference will be co-organised by the OSCM 2011 in Maldives. A great deal of thanks must be given to all the presenters, delegates, reviewers, committee and local organizing committee in ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010.

7. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Duangpun Kritchanchai Coordinator, Thai Researchers’ Consortium of Value Chain Management and Logistics ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s Honorary Chair Brian Stocking Executive Director, Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (New Zealand) ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s Honorary Chair Prof. Dr. Roger Field Vice-Chancellor, Lincoln University (New Zealand) ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s Honorary Chair

8. Welcome Address from Conference General Chair First of all, on behalf of the organizing committee, I feel very delighted and would like to extend our warmest welcome to all participants to The 2nd International Conference on Logistics and Transport (ICLT) & The 1st International Conference on Business and Economics (ICBE) to Queenstown, New Zealand. The Thai Researchers Consortium on Value Chain Management and Logistics (Thai-VCML) is grateful of the support given by the Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (New Zealand) and our local host Lincoln University in making this international conference possible. The September 2010 earthquake that hit New Zealand forced the organising committee to re-consider the conference venue from Christchurch to Queenstown but it was always our intention to have the conference in New Zealand. Logistics and supply chain is recognised as a critical discipline in enhancing connectivity within and between the Asia-Pacific Region. The Thai VCML, the CILT (New Zealand) and Lincoln University (New Zealand) is grateful for the opportunity to play an important role in advancing the logistics and supply chain body of knowledge through the organisation of this international conference. The conference theme for this year was managing finance and risk in the global supply chain and many submitted manuscripts reflected the inter-disciplinary nature of global supply chain research.

9. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ruth Banomyong Thammasat University ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s General Chair Potential authors were invited to submit an abstract to the conference chairs. All abstracts were reviewed by two experts from the advisory committee. As a result almost one hundred manuscripts were included in this proceeding volume with contributing authors coming from over 20 countries. Best papers from the conference will be selected by the advisory committee for submission to the International Journal of Logistics and Transport special issue related to the conference theme. I would also like to take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to all the presenters, delegates, reviewers, advisory committee members, local organization committee members, and guest speakers for their interesting and valued contributions. On behalf of the organizers, I would like to personally apologise for any difficulties you might have encountered while attending this conference and wish all of you a very successful and fruitful deliberations. There is no knowledge without research.

10. Welcome Address from Conference Program Chairs Welcome to the 2 nd International Conference on Logistics and Transport and the 1 st International Conference on Business and Economics in Queenstown, New Zealand. This professional meeting is thought to provide an excellent opportunity for faculty, scholars, Ph.D. students, administrators, and practitioners to meet well- known experts from all over the world and to discuss innovative ideas, results of research, and best practices on various topics of Production, Operation, and Maintenance, Inventory, Supplier Relationship, Outsourcing, and CRM, Logistics and Supply Chain, Distribution, Transportation, and Traffic, Operation Research, Information Technology, Risk, Financial, and Strategy Management, and many other related issues. The ICLT and ICBE conference continues to be highly competitive and very well perceived by the international community, attracting excellent contributions and active participation. This year, researchers from more than 30 countries have submitted their papers to the ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010 international conference. After a careful review process by members of the international program committee, 102 quality papers from 25 different countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan R.O.C., Thailand, The Netherlands, Uganda, United Kingdom, and United States of America) have been accepted for presentation at the conference. We thank all authors who dedicated a particular effort to contribute to the conference.

11. Each submitted paper has been reviewed by several members of the international program committee and international external referees. We would like to thank all of them for their help with review process of submitted papers. We expect the ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010 international conference to be an outstanding international forum for the exchange of ideas and results on logistics, transport, business, economics, and provide a baseline of further progress in such areas. We hope you will enjoy your stay in Queenstown and be able to spend some time to visit various points of interest of 100% Pure New Zealand. Asst. Prof. Dr. Thananya Wasusri King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Thonburi ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s Program Co-Chair Asst. Prof. Dr. Ungul Laptaned University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s Program Chair Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gilbert Nartea Lincoln University ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s Program Co-Chair

12. Organised by  Thai Researchers’ Consortium of Value Chain Management and Logistics  Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (New Zealand) In Cooperation with  Lincoln University (New Zealand)

13. Sponsored by University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce Mahidol University Kellogg College, University of Oxford Institute for Manufacturing, University of Cambridge

14. King Mongkut University of Technology Thonburi Lolane TK Logistics and Supply Chain (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Solutions Group of Company Sponsored by

15. Asia Cleaning Service Limited Wangsing Resort Thai Aviation Industry Co., Ltd. GS1 Thailand Sponsored by ICLT 2010 & ICBE 2010’s Web Administrator: C. Chiewsothorn Special Thanks