1. Key Biodiversity Areas: review and lessons learned workshop Five years of Key Biodiversity Areas Churchill Hotel, Washington DC 25 July 2006

2. The importance of local ownership of global standards for conservation outcomes in CI

3.  Local ownership because the closer to the ground planning occurs, the better the link to implementation

4. The importance of local ownership of global standards for conservation outcomes in CI  Local ownership because the closer to the ground planning occurs, the better the link to implementation  Global standards because CI is a global organization, accountable to global donors, and so must be able to compare between regions and over time

5. The importance of local ownership of global standards for conservation outcomes in CI  Local ownership because the closer to the ground planning occurs, the better the link to implementation  Global standards because CI is a global organization, accountable to global donors, and so must be able to compare between regions and over time  Targets for conservation outcomes to justify strategy and provide baseline for monitoring

6. Species Extinctions Avoided Sites Areas Protected Sea/Landscapes Corridors Consolidated Increasing scale of ecological organization Genes Biosphere KeyBiodiversityAreas

7. Key Biodiversity Areas are…

8.  Sites of global significance for biodiversity conservation

9. Key Biodiversity Areas are…  Sites of global significance for biodiversity conservation  Targets for ‘Areas Protected’ biodiversity conservation outcomes for CI

10. Key Biodiversity Areas are…  Sites of global significance for biodiversity conservation  Targets for ‘Areas Protected’ biodiversity conservation outcomes for CI  Identified by CI CBCs, regional programs, and partners, using globally standard criteria and thresholds

11. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:

12. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:  “site” ( not grid cells)

13. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:  “site” ( not grid cells)  “occurrence” ( not modeled predictions)

14. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:  “site” ( not grid cells)  “occurrence” ( not modeled predictions)  “data” ( not expert opinion)

15. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:  “site” ( not grid cells)  “occurrence” ( not modeled predictions)  “data” ( not expert opinion)  “species” ( not environmental surrogates)

16. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:  “site” ( not grid cells)  “occurrence” ( not modeled predictions)  “data” ( not expert opinion)  “species” ( not environmental surrogates)  “conservation significance” ( not species richness)

17. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:

18. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:  Vulnerability (globally threatened species)

19. Key Biodiversity Areas are… Identified following standard criteria using site occurrence data for species of conservation significance:  Vulnerability (globally threatened species)  Irreplaceability (>X% of global population of a species) - start with restricted-range species - congregations - …

20. Key Biodiversity Areas are not …

21.  Necessarily protected areas, although many are, and many more should be

22. Key Biodiversity Areas are not …  Necessarily protected areas, although many are, and many more should be  The “only” scale at which biodiversity conservation is urgent – they must often be complemented by targeting species specific (e.g., invasive species control) and sea/landscape scale (e.g., biodiversity conservation corridors) outcomes

23. (Ancient) history of KBAs… Early ‘80s BirdLife International (then ICBP) developed “Important Bird Areas” (IBAs)

24. (Ancient) history of KBAs… Early ‘80s BirdLife International (then ICBP) developed “Important Bird Areas” (IBAs) Mid ‘90s Plantlife International developed “Important Plant Areas” (IPAs)

25. (Ancient) history of KBAs… Early ‘80s BirdLife International (then ICBP) developed “Important Bird Areas” (IBAs) Mid ‘90s Plantlife International developed “Important Plant Areas” (IPAs) 2000 on Important Freshwater /Mammal/Herp /Butterfly /Dragonfly Areas…

26. (Ancient) history of KBAs (cont)…  …so, importance of unifying these multiple taxon- specific initiatives to avoid duplication of effort and confusion

27. (Ancient) history of KBAs (cont)…  …so, importance of unifying these multiple taxon- specific initiatives to avoid duplication of effort and confusion  IBAs therefore become the bird subset of KBAs, IPAs the plant subset of KBAs, etc

28. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale

29. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs

30. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs 2) World Parks Congress: demand for KBAs for gap analysis

31. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs 2) World Parks Congress: demand for KBAs for gap analysis 2004 1) RPD publishes CI Strategy Handbook laying out institutional KBA methodology

32. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs 2) World Parks Congress: demand for KBAs for gap analysis 2004 1) RPD publishes CI Strategy Handbook laying out institutional KBA methodology 2) MacArthur fund multi-institutional KBA workshop

33. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs 2) World Parks Congress: demand for KBAs for gap analysis 2004 1) RPD publishes CI Strategy Handbook laying out institutional KBA methodology 2) MacArthur fund multi-institutional KBA workshop 3) Eken et al. published

34. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs 2) World Parks Congress: demand for KBAs for gap analysis 2004 1) RPD publishes CI Strategy Handbook laying out institutional KBA methodology 2) MacArthur fund multi-institutional KBA workshop 3) Eken et al. published 2005 1) Marine KBAs workshop

35. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs 2) World Parks Congress: demand for KBAs for gap analysis 2004 1) RPD publishes CI Strategy Handbook laying out institutional KBA methodology 2) MacArthur fund multi-institutional KBA workshop 3) Eken et al. published 2005 1) Marine KBAs workshop 2) International launch of AZE, signed off by >50 organizations

36. (Recent) history of KBAs… 2002 CI pioneers quantitative framework for defining biodiversity conservation outcomes, including KBAs as explicit targets at the site scale 2003 1) AZE develops to identify and conserve the “tip- of-the-iceberg” of KBAs 2) World Parks Congress: demand for KBAs for gap analysis 2004 1) RPD publishes CI Strategy Handbook laying out institutional KBA methodology 2) MacArthur fund multi-institutional KBA workshop 3) Eken et al. published 2005 1) Marine KBAs workshop 2) International launch of AZE, signed off by >50 organizations 3) KBA guidelines manual in review

37. The intergovernmental mandate for KBAs…

38.  CBD Global Strategy for Plant Conservation

39. The intergovernmental mandate for KBAs…  CBD Global Strategy for Plant Conservation  WPC Durban Accord, Action Plan and Recommendations

40. The intergovernmental mandate for KBAs…  CBD Global Strategy for Plant Conservation  WPC Durban Accord, Action Plan and Recommendations  CBD COP7 Decision and Programme of Work on Protected Areas

41. The intergovernmental mandate for KBAs…  CBD Global Strategy for Plant Conservation  WPC Durban Accord, Action Plan and Recommendations  CBD COP7 Decision and Programme of Work on Protected Areas  CBD SBSTTA 10 recommendation on 2010 indicators

42. Identifying KBAs within CI 2002 Initial workshop in Bogotá hosted by CI Andes CBC

43. Identifying KBAs within CI 2002 Initial workshop in Bogotá hosted by CI Andes CBC 2003 KBAs built into Eco- system Profiles for CEPF Cycle 4 hotspots

44. Identifying KBAs within CI 2002 Initial workshop in Bogotá hosted by CI Andes CBC 20032004 KBAs built into Eco- system Profiles for CEPF Cycle 4 hotspots Refining KBAs in other CEPF hotspots and CBCs

45. Identifying KBAs within CI 2002 Initial workshop in Bogotá hosted by CI Andes CBC 200320042005 KBAs built into Eco- system Profiles for CEPF Cycle 4 hotspots Refining KBAs in other CEPF hotspots and CBCs KBA work begins in wilder- ness areas and marine

46. Identifying KBAs within CI 2002 Initial workshop in Bogotá hosted by CI Andes CBC 2003200420052006 KBAs built into Eco- system Profiles for CEPF Cycle 4 hotspots Refining KBAs in other CEPF hotspots and CBCs KBA work begins in wilder- ness areas and marine 1) Bensted- Smith document

47. Identifying KBAs within CI 2002 Initial workshop in Bogotá hosted by CI Andes CBC 2003200420052006 KBAs built into Eco- system Profiles for CEPF Cycle 4 hotspots Refining KBAs in other CEPF hotspots and CBCs KBA work begins in wilder- ness areas and marine 1) Bensted- Smith document 2) Annual Meeting discussion 2 May

48. Progress in KBA identification and refinement Green: Moore CBCs with KBA process underway; Yellow: hotspots where KBA refinement underway through CEPF; Purple: hotspots where KBA refinement near-completion through CEPF; Orange: KBA identification as part of CEPF Cycle 4; Blue: preliminary KBA discussions underway in marine regions; Pink: KBA identification not yet begun. Numbers denote CEPF cycle hotspots.