1. KOREAN WAR 1950-1953

2. KOREA

3. KOREA’S HISTORY  Ancient nation first unified in seventh century.  Known as “Hermit Kingdom” – had a high point in Middle Ages  Korea became a colony of Japan in 1910.  After Japan was defeated in World War II, Soviet troops occupied northern Korea  American troops occupied southern Korea

4. TWO RIVALS – Kim Il-Sung in north; Syngman Rhee in south

5. FOREIGN TROOPS WITHDRAW, ELECTION HELD ONLY IN SOUTH KOREA

6. NORTH KOREA INVADES SOUTH, June 1950  Mutual provocations  Each side feels it’s only legitimate govt.  Stalin believes S. Korea is not in US ‘defense perimeter,’ gives OK to Kim Il- Sung to invade

7. HOW SHOULD U.S. RESPOND?

8. VIDEO  http://player.discoveryeducation.com/inde x.cfm?guidAssetId=AB7B2224-5008- 49EC-82FE- CABAFB06E543&blnFromSearch=1&pro ductcode=US http://player.discoveryeducation.com/inde x.cfm?guidAssetId=AB7B2224-5008- 49EC-82FE- CABAFB06E543&blnFromSearch=1&pro ductcode=US http://player.discoveryeducation.com/inde x.cfm?guidAssetId=AB7B2224-5008- 49EC-82FE- CABAFB06E543&blnFromSearch=1&pro ductcode=US

9. RESPONSE  United Nations Security Council acts because South Korea is only recognized government. Why didn’t USSR object?  U.S. sends massive numbers of troops along with other countries.  North Koreans quickly take over most of the South. Longest retreat in American history.  U.N. troops evacuated

10. INCHON LANDING  General Douglas MacArthur in command  Orders massive amphibious invasion in mid-Korea to take back South

11. U.N. SUCCESS  U.N. troops push North Koreans all the way to Chinese border.  Chinese troops invade  Two sides fight back to original demarcation line

12. NEGOTIATIONS AND STALEMATE  Last two years.  Pres. Eisenhower ends war in 1953 with a cease-fire line at 38 th Parallel  Over 30,000 U.S. troops permanently stationed in South Korea.  North Korea always ready to invade but never does.

13. SINCE THE WAR  South Korea has become more democratic, esp. since 1960s. Synghman Rhee and some earlier presidents were dictatorial.  South’s economy flourishes using Japanese model – Samsung, Kia, Hyundai, etc.  North Korea remains an isolated, Stalinist state under Kim Il-Sung and his son Kim Jong-Il.  Quest for nuclear weapons makes it a “rogue state.”