1. How Late Is FedEx Open: T houghts About The Grant Writing Process O. Dale Williams, PhD Professor and Associate Director Division of Preventive Medicine UAB

2. Research Funding and Publications Research funding, or “Grants” and Publications are the currency of the realm Small improvements in the process of generating proposals for grants and manuscripts can have important consequences

3. The Creative Writing Process Writing Grant Applications vs Writing Papers Common Elements Both are peer reviewed Abstract most read component Major Differences Papers don’t have a budget Papers don’t have a hard deadline Audience for papers larger

4. Briefly on the Review Process Two reviewers read everything, including some of the appendices All reviewers will read abstract Some reviewers will read more An annoyed reviewer is not a good thing

5. What Annoys Reviewers Having to search for key information Incomplete and/or unclear text Having to go to an appendix for information that should be up front Having to read the text several times to understand what the grant is about A budget that doesn’t make sense or with components that are clearly wrong

6. The NIH Laundry Carts How do you separate your application from others in the pile?

7. Key Components Brilliant Idea Outstanding Methods The Promise of Important Results Appealing, Easy to Read and Understand Package

8. Grants and Politics The grant equivalent of the political statement: “It’s the economy, stupid” is: “It’s the package, stupid”

9. The Challenge Life begins with 25 pages of real estate That is 2,337.5 square inches to fill with 11 point text Early fear is blank pages Fear near end is cramming into 25 pages

10. A Most Critical Issue The process used to fill the 25 pages on time is a management process Who is in charge How will decisions be made How will deadlines be set and what will be done when they are not met

11. Levels of Organizational Complexity and Management Burden You by yourself is easy You with colleagues is harder Your team with other local teams is harder still Your team with other institutions is harder still Large scale, long term, multi-center collaborations are the hardest Lead-time requirements increase exponentially as complexity increases

12. Management Challenge Managing the grant writing process may not be easy Good organizational skills can be most helpful Small issues, such as keeping track of the different drafts, can be very time consuming

13. Capacity for Excellent Proposal Work Required for Excellent Proposal Time Bulldozer: Time 0 Time 0Drop Dead Date

14. The Time Bulldozer It just keeps moving toward the drop dead date No rewind No clicking on the “Back” icon

15. Capacity for Excellent Proposal Work Required Time 0Drop Dead Date Time Bulldozer: Mid-Phase

16. Time Bulldozer: Terminal Phase Capacity for Excellent Proposal Work Time 0Drop Dead Date

17. Time 0Drop Dead Date Focus on Excellence Focus on Door Implication of Time Bulldozer

18. Yogi Berra The great philosopher Yogi Berra said “It ain’t over til it’s over The moral: Cultivate the ability to do great work at the last minute

19. Writing Goal Write the proposal in such a manner that the primary and secondary reviewers become your advocates during the review Write the abstract in such a manner that it entices others on the review panel to read the full proposal and become advocates

20. Battleships and Outhouses Harry Truman described congresses approach to military appropriations as “Everyone knows how to build an outhouse so they get extensive discussion. No one knows how to build a battleship so they get no discussion” The message—Be clear and concise about those topics on which all reviewers are likely to have an opinion

21. Poetry versus Prose Grant writing is a little more like writing poetry than writing prose in that the page limit makes it more important to make sure each word “counts.”

22. Disease of Familiarity Seeing what you meant to say when looking at text you wrote rather than seeing what the words actually say

23. Working from Back to Front The 1 st 15 pages vs the final 10 The abstract vs the proposal

24. A Grant may not be a Grant A grant is your idea, a contract is not--so pay close attention to what you are contracting to do Different funding agencies have different requirements Foundations often require a very short proposal

25. The Biostatistics Dilemma A competent statistics methods section can be essential Get input as early as feasible Make sure it is easy for you to understand—if it is not clear to you it is not likely to be clear to the reviewers No review by a statistician is possible

26. Who Owns the Hurdles Various certifications Division/Department/School reviews Contract and Grant reviews Discovering a “new” hurdle at 4:30 pm on the drop dead date is not good

27. An old and tired, but useful expression There are two problems with “grants.” One is writing and submitting them, the other is winning the award and then having to do what you proposed to do.

28. The Grant Tourist After the review and you have been awarded the funds to do your proposed project, then you must do the project.